This document discusses classification using decision tree models. It begins with an introduction to classification, describing it as assigning objects to predefined categories. Decision trees are then overviewed as a powerful classifier that uses a hierarchical structure to split a dataset. Important parameters for evaluating model accuracy are covered, such as precision, recall, and AUC. The document also describes an exercise using the Weka tool to build decision trees on a dataset about term deposit subscriptions. It concludes with discussing uses of decision trees for applications like marketing and medical diagnosis.
Survey on Various Classification Techniques in Data Miningijsrd.com
Dynamic Classification is an information mining (machine learning) strategy used to anticipate bunch participation for information cases. In this paper, we show the essential arrangement systems. A few significant sorts of arrangement technique including induction, Bayesian networks, k-nearest neighbor classifier, case-based reasoning, genetic algorithm and fuzzy logic techniques. The objective of this review is to give a complete audit of distinctive characterization procedures in information mining.
Evaluation metric plays a critical role in achieving the optimal classifier during the classification training.
Thus, a selection of suitable evaluation metric is an important key for discriminating and obtaining the
optimal classifier. This paper systematically reviewed the related evaluation metrics that are specifically
designed as a discriminator for optimizing generative classifier. Generally, many generative classifiers
employ accuracy as a measure to discriminate the optimal solution during the classification training.
However, the accuracy has several weaknesses which are less distinctiveness, less discriminability, less
informativeness and bias to majority class data. This paper also briefly discusses other metrics that are
specifically designed for discriminating the optimal solution. The shortcomings of these alternative metrics
are also discussed. Finally, this paper suggests five important aspects that must be taken into consideration
in constructing a new discriminator metric.
Survey on Various Classification Techniques in Data Miningijsrd.com
Dynamic Classification is an information mining (machine learning) strategy used to anticipate bunch participation for information cases. In this paper, we show the essential arrangement systems. A few significant sorts of arrangement technique including induction, Bayesian networks, k-nearest neighbor classifier, case-based reasoning, genetic algorithm and fuzzy logic techniques. The objective of this review is to give a complete audit of distinctive characterization procedures in information mining.
Evaluation metric plays a critical role in achieving the optimal classifier during the classification training.
Thus, a selection of suitable evaluation metric is an important key for discriminating and obtaining the
optimal classifier. This paper systematically reviewed the related evaluation metrics that are specifically
designed as a discriminator for optimizing generative classifier. Generally, many generative classifiers
employ accuracy as a measure to discriminate the optimal solution during the classification training.
However, the accuracy has several weaknesses which are less distinctiveness, less discriminability, less
informativeness and bias to majority class data. This paper also briefly discusses other metrics that are
specifically designed for discriminating the optimal solution. The shortcomings of these alternative metrics
are also discussed. Finally, this paper suggests five important aspects that must be taken into consideration
in constructing a new discriminator metric.
A Decision Tree Based Classifier for Classification & Prediction of Diseasesijsrd.com
In this paper, we are proposing a modified algorithm for classification. This algorithm is based on the concept of the decision trees. The proposed algorithm is better then the previous algorithms. It provides more accurate results. We have tested the proposed method on the example of patient data set. Our proposed methodology uses greedy approach to select the best attribute. To do so the information gain is used. The attribute with highest information gain is selected. If information gain is not good then again divide attributes values into groups. These steps are done until we get good classification/misclassification ratio. The proposed algorithms classify the data sets more accurately and efficiently.
Exploratory data analysis data visualization:
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is an approach/philosophy for data analysis that employs a variety of techniques (mostly graphical) to
Maximize insight into a data set.
Uncover underlying structure.
Extract important variables.
Detect outliers and anomalies.
Test underlying assumptions.
Develop parsimonious models.
Determine optimal factor settings
Data Science - Part V - Decision Trees & Random Forests Derek Kane
This lecture provides an overview of decision tree machine learning algorithms and random forest ensemble techniques. The practical example includes diagnosing Type II diabetes and evaluating customer churn in the telecommunication industry.
Knowledge Discovery Tutorial By Claudia d'Amato and Laura Hollnik at the Summer School on Ontology Engineering and the Semantic Web in Bertinoro, Italy (SSSW2015)
Data reduction: breaking down large sets of data into more-manageable groups or segments that provide better insight.
- Data sampling
- Data cleaning
- Data transformation
- Data segmentation
- Dimension reduction
Performance Analysis of a Gaussian Mixture based Feature Selection Algorithmrahulmonikasharma
Feature selection for clustering is difficult because, unlike in supervised learning, there are no class labels for the data and, thus, no obvious criteria to guide the search. The work reported in this paper includes the implementation of unsupervised feature saliency algorithm (UFSA) for ranking different features. This algorithm used the concept of feature saliency and expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate it, in the context of mixture-based clustering. In addition to feature ranking, the algorithm returns an effective model for the given dataset. The results (ranks) obtained from UFSA have been compared with the ranks obtained by Relief-F and Representation Entropy, using four clustering techniques EM, Simple K-Means, Farthest-First and Cobweb.For the experimental study, benchmark datasets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository have been used.
Automation of IT Ticket Automation using NLP and Deep LearningPranov Mishra
Overview of Problem Solved: IT leverages Incident Management process to ensure Business Operations is never impacted. The assignment of incidents to appropriate IT groups is still a manual process in many of the IT organizations. Manual assignment of incidents is time consuming and requires human efforts. There may be mistakes due to human errors and resource consumption is carried out ineffectively because of the misaddressing. Manual assignment increases the response and resolution times which result in user satisfaction deterioration / poor customer service.
Solution: Multiple deep learning sequential models with Glove Embeddings were attempted and results compared to arrive at the best model. The two best models are highlighted below through their results.
1. Bi-Directional LSTM attempted on the data set has given an accuracy of 71% and precision of 71%.
2. The accuracy and precision was further improved to 73% and 76% respectively when an ensemble of 7 Bi-LSTM was built.
I built a NLP based Deep Learning model to solve the above problem. Link below
https://github.com/Pranov1984/Application-of-NLP-in-Automated-Classification-of-ticket-routing?fbclid=IwAR3wgofJNMT1bIFxL3P3IoRC3BTuWmhw1SzAyRtHp8vvj9F2sKZdq67SjDA
Wine making has been around for thousands of years. It is not only an art but also a science. Wine making is a natural process that requires little human intervention, but each winemaker guides the process through different techniques. In general, there are five basic components of the winemaking process: harvesting, crushing and pressing, fermentation, clarification, and aging and bottling. Wine makers typically follow these five steps but add variations and deviations along the way to make their wine unique. (Myers, 2014) The stages include harvesting, crushing and pressing, fermentation, clarification, and aging and bottling. For the winemaker is important to understand what chemical properties (attributes and values) affect or impact the classification on a wine. This help the wine maker to monitor attributes such as alcohol,malic acid, ash, ash alkalinity, magnesium, total phenols, flavonoids, non flavonoid phenols, proanthocyanidins, color intensity, hue, OD280/OD315 concentration, and proline. This paper presents a study for the prediction of the wine chemical parameters (alcohol,malic acid, ash, ash alkalinity, magnesium, total phenols, flavonoids, non flavanoid phenols, proanthocyanidins, color intensity, hue, OD280/OD315 concentration, proline) to classify the wine into A, B or C. The project used Decision Trees and Artificial Neural Networks to create models for the classification objectives of the Data Mining concepts application. The experiments were conducted using the new the open-source WEKA tool. Accuracies between 88% and 93% were obtained for all datasets provided in the case of Decision Tree J48. This indicate that the use of decision tree of Data Mining models can be used to predict the classification of the wine based on chemical attributes. Accuracies between 90% and 97% were obtained for all datasets provided in the case of ANN - Multi-Layer Perceptron.
A Decision Tree Based Classifier for Classification & Prediction of Diseasesijsrd.com
In this paper, we are proposing a modified algorithm for classification. This algorithm is based on the concept of the decision trees. The proposed algorithm is better then the previous algorithms. It provides more accurate results. We have tested the proposed method on the example of patient data set. Our proposed methodology uses greedy approach to select the best attribute. To do so the information gain is used. The attribute with highest information gain is selected. If information gain is not good then again divide attributes values into groups. These steps are done until we get good classification/misclassification ratio. The proposed algorithms classify the data sets more accurately and efficiently.
Exploratory data analysis data visualization:
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is an approach/philosophy for data analysis that employs a variety of techniques (mostly graphical) to
Maximize insight into a data set.
Uncover underlying structure.
Extract important variables.
Detect outliers and anomalies.
Test underlying assumptions.
Develop parsimonious models.
Determine optimal factor settings
Data Science - Part V - Decision Trees & Random Forests Derek Kane
This lecture provides an overview of decision tree machine learning algorithms and random forest ensemble techniques. The practical example includes diagnosing Type II diabetes and evaluating customer churn in the telecommunication industry.
Knowledge Discovery Tutorial By Claudia d'Amato and Laura Hollnik at the Summer School on Ontology Engineering and the Semantic Web in Bertinoro, Italy (SSSW2015)
Data reduction: breaking down large sets of data into more-manageable groups or segments that provide better insight.
- Data sampling
- Data cleaning
- Data transformation
- Data segmentation
- Dimension reduction
Performance Analysis of a Gaussian Mixture based Feature Selection Algorithmrahulmonikasharma
Feature selection for clustering is difficult because, unlike in supervised learning, there are no class labels for the data and, thus, no obvious criteria to guide the search. The work reported in this paper includes the implementation of unsupervised feature saliency algorithm (UFSA) for ranking different features. This algorithm used the concept of feature saliency and expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate it, in the context of mixture-based clustering. In addition to feature ranking, the algorithm returns an effective model for the given dataset. The results (ranks) obtained from UFSA have been compared with the ranks obtained by Relief-F and Representation Entropy, using four clustering techniques EM, Simple K-Means, Farthest-First and Cobweb.For the experimental study, benchmark datasets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository have been used.
Automation of IT Ticket Automation using NLP and Deep LearningPranov Mishra
Overview of Problem Solved: IT leverages Incident Management process to ensure Business Operations is never impacted. The assignment of incidents to appropriate IT groups is still a manual process in many of the IT organizations. Manual assignment of incidents is time consuming and requires human efforts. There may be mistakes due to human errors and resource consumption is carried out ineffectively because of the misaddressing. Manual assignment increases the response and resolution times which result in user satisfaction deterioration / poor customer service.
Solution: Multiple deep learning sequential models with Glove Embeddings were attempted and results compared to arrive at the best model. The two best models are highlighted below through their results.
1. Bi-Directional LSTM attempted on the data set has given an accuracy of 71% and precision of 71%.
2. The accuracy and precision was further improved to 73% and 76% respectively when an ensemble of 7 Bi-LSTM was built.
I built a NLP based Deep Learning model to solve the above problem. Link below
https://github.com/Pranov1984/Application-of-NLP-in-Automated-Classification-of-ticket-routing?fbclid=IwAR3wgofJNMT1bIFxL3P3IoRC3BTuWmhw1SzAyRtHp8vvj9F2sKZdq67SjDA
Wine making has been around for thousands of years. It is not only an art but also a science. Wine making is a natural process that requires little human intervention, but each winemaker guides the process through different techniques. In general, there are five basic components of the winemaking process: harvesting, crushing and pressing, fermentation, clarification, and aging and bottling. Wine makers typically follow these five steps but add variations and deviations along the way to make their wine unique. (Myers, 2014) The stages include harvesting, crushing and pressing, fermentation, clarification, and aging and bottling. For the winemaker is important to understand what chemical properties (attributes and values) affect or impact the classification on a wine. This help the wine maker to monitor attributes such as alcohol,malic acid, ash, ash alkalinity, magnesium, total phenols, flavonoids, non flavonoid phenols, proanthocyanidins, color intensity, hue, OD280/OD315 concentration, and proline. This paper presents a study for the prediction of the wine chemical parameters (alcohol,malic acid, ash, ash alkalinity, magnesium, total phenols, flavonoids, non flavanoid phenols, proanthocyanidins, color intensity, hue, OD280/OD315 concentration, proline) to classify the wine into A, B or C. The project used Decision Trees and Artificial Neural Networks to create models for the classification objectives of the Data Mining concepts application. The experiments were conducted using the new the open-source WEKA tool. Accuracies between 88% and 93% were obtained for all datasets provided in the case of Decision Tree J48. This indicate that the use of decision tree of Data Mining models can be used to predict the classification of the wine based on chemical attributes. Accuracies between 90% and 97% were obtained for all datasets provided in the case of ANN - Multi-Layer Perceptron.
In this paper, I develop a custom binary classifier of search queries for the makeup category using different Machine Learning techniques and models. An extensive exploration of shallow and Deep Learning models was performed using a cross-validation framework to identify the top three models, optimize them tuning their hyperparameters, and finally creating an ensemble of models with a custom decision threshold that outperforms all other models. The final classifier achieves an accuracy of 98.83% on a test set, making it ready for production.
This presentation introduces text analytics, its applications and various tools/algorithms used for this process. Given below are some of the important tools:
- Decision trees
- SVM
- Naive-Bayes
- K-nearest neighbours
- Artificial Neural Networks
- Fuzzy C-Means
- Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Analysis of Common Supervised Learning Algorithms Through Applicationaciijournal
Supervised learning is a branch of machine learning wherein the machine is equipped with labelled data
which it uses to create sophisticated models that can predict the labels of related unlabelled data. the
literature on the field offers a wide spectrum of algorithms and applications. However, there is limited
research available to compare the algorithms making it difficult for beginners to choose the most efficient
algorithm and tune it for their application.
This research aims to analyse the performance of common supervised learning algorithms when applied to
sample datasets along with the effect of hyper-parameter tuning. for the research, each algorithm is
applied to the datasets and the validation curves (for the hyper-parameters) and learning curves are
analysed to understand the sensitivity and performance of the algorithms. The research can guide new
researchers aiming to apply supervised learning algorithm to better understand, compare and select the
appropriate algorithm for their application. Additionally, they can also tune the hyper-parameters for
improved efficiency and create ensemble of algorithms for enhancing accuracy.
Analysis of Common Supervised Learning Algorithms Through Applicationaciijournal
Supervised learning is a branch of machine learning wherein the machine is equipped with labelled data which it uses to create sophisticated models that can predict the labels of related unlabelled data. the literature on the field offers a wide spectrum of algorithms and applications. however, there is limited research available to compare the algorithms making it difficult for beginners to choose the most efficient algorithm and tune it for their application.
This research aims to analyse the performance of common supervised learning algorithms when applied to sample datasets along with the effect of hyper-parameter tuning. for the research, each algorithm is applied to the datasets and the validation curves (for the hyper-parameters) and learning curves are analysed to understand the sensitivity and performance of the algorithms. the research can guide new researchers aiming to apply supervised learning algorithm to better understand, compare and select the appropriate algorithm for their application. Additionally, they can also tune the hyper-parameters for improved efficiency and create ensemble of algorithms for enhancing accuracy.
ANALYSIS OF COMMON SUPERVISED LEARNING ALGORITHMS THROUGH APPLICATIONaciijournal
Supervised learning is a branch of machine learning wherein the machine is equipped with labelled data
which it uses to create sophisticated models that can predict the labels of related unlabelled data.the
literature on the field offers a wide spectrum of algorithms and applications.however, there is limited
research available to compare the algorithms making it difficult for beginners to choose the most efficient
algorithm and tune it for their application.
This research aims to analyse the performance of common supervised learning algorithms when applied to
sample datasets along with the effect of hyper-parameter tuning.for the research, each algorithm is applied
to the datasets and the validation curves (for the hyper-parameters) and learning curves are analysed to
understand the sensitivity and performance of the algorithms.the research can guide new researchers
aiming to apply supervised learning algorithm to better understand, compare and select the appropriate
algorithm for their application. Additionally, they can also tune the hyper-parameters for improved
efficiency and create ensemble of algorithms for enhancing accuracy.
Top 20 Data Science Interview Questions and Answers in 2023.pdfAnanthReddy38
Here are the top 20 data science interview questions along with their answers:
What is data science?
Data science is an interdisciplinary field that involves extracting insights and knowledge from data using various scientific methods, algorithms, and tools.
What are the different steps involved in the data science process?
The data science process typically involves the following steps:
a. Problem formulation
b. Data collection
c. Data cleaning and preprocessing
d. Exploratory data analysis
e. Feature engineering
f. Model selection and training
g. Model evaluation and validation
h. Deployment and monitoring
What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning?
Supervised learning involves training a model on labeled data, where the target variable is known, to make predictions or classify new instances. Unsupervised learning, on the other hand, deals with unlabeled data and aims to discover patterns, relationships, or structures within the data.
What is overfitting, and how can it be prevented?
Overfitting occurs when a model learns the training data too well, resulting in poor generalization to new, unseen data. To prevent overfitting, techniques like cross-validation, regularization, and early stopping can be employed.
What is feature engineering?
Feature engineering involves creating new features from the existing data that can improve the performance of machine learning models. It includes techniques like feature extraction, transformation, scaling, and selection.
Explain the concept of cross-validation.
Cross-validation is a resampling technique used to assess the performance of a model on unseen data. It involves partitioning the available data into multiple subsets, training the model on some subsets, and evaluating it on the remaining subset. Common types of cross-validation include k-fold cross-validation and holdout validation.
What is the purpose of regularization in machine learning?
Regularization is used to prevent overfitting by adding a penalty term to the loss function during model training. It discourages complex models and promotes simpler ones, ultimately improving generalization performance.
What is the difference between precision and recall?
Precision is the ratio of true positives to the total predicted positives, while recall is the ratio of true positives to the total actual positives. Precision measures the accuracy of positive predictions, whereas recall measures the coverage of positive instances.
Explain the term “bias-variance tradeoff.”
The bias-variance tradeoff refers to the relationship between a model’s bias (error due to oversimplification) and variance (error due to sensitivity to fluctuations in the training data). Increasing model complexity reduces bias but increases variance, and vice versa. The goal is to find the right balance that minimizes overall error.
In a world of data explosion, the rate of data generation and consumption is on the increasing side, there comes the buzzword - Big Data.
Big Data is the concept of fast-moving, large-volume data in varying dimensions (sources) and
highly unpredicted sources.
The 4Vs of Big Data
● Volume - Scale of Data
● Velocity - Analysis of Streaming Data
● Variety - Different forms of Data
● Veracity - Uncertainty of Data
With increasing data availability, the new trend in the industry demands not just data collection,
but making ample sense of acquired data - thereby, the concept of Data Analytics.
Taking it a step further to further make a futuristic prediction and realistic inferences - the concept
of Machine Learning.
A blend of both gives a robust analysis of data for the past, now and the future.
There is a thin line between data analytics and Machine learning which becomes very obvious
when you dig deep.
EXPLORING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES AND ITS APPLICATIONSeditorijettcs
Dr.T.Hemalatha#1, Dr.G.Rashita Banu#2, Dr.Murtaza Ali#3
#1.Assisstant.Professor,VelsUniversity,Chennai
#2Assistant Professor,Department of HIM&T,JazanUniversity,Jasan
#3HOD, Department of HIM&T JazanUniversity,Jasan
EXPLORING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES AND ITS APPLICATIONSeditorijettcs
Dr.T.Hemalatha#1, Dr.G.Rashita Banu#2, Dr.Murtaza Ali#3
#1.Assisstant.Professor,VelsUniversity,Chennai
#2Assistant Professor,Department of HIM&T,JazanUniversity,Jasan
#3HOD, Department of HIM&T JazanUniversity,Jasan
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUESijaia
Artificial intelligence techniques are still revealing their pros; however, several fields have benefited from
these techniques. In this study we applied the Decision Tree (DT-CART) method derived from artificial
intelligence techniques to the prediction of the creditworthy of bank customers, for this we used historical
data of bank customers. However we have adopted the flowing process, for this purpose we started with a
data preprocessing in which we clean the data and we deleted all rows with outliers or missing values,
then we fixed the variable to be explained (dependent or Target) and we also thought to eliminate all
explanatory (independent) variables that are not significant using univariate analysis as well as the
correlation matrix, then we applied our CART decision tree method using the SPSS tool.
After completing our process of building our model (DT-CART), we started the process of evaluating and
testing the performance of our model, by which we found that the accuracy and precision of our model is
71%, so we calculated the error ratios, and we found that the error rate equal to 29%, this allowed us to
conclude that our model at a fairly good level in terms of precision, predictability and very precisely in
predicting the solvency of our banking customers.
Introduction to feature subset selection methodIJSRD
Data Mining is a computational progression to ascertain patterns in hefty data sets. It has various important techniques and one of them is Classification which is receiving great attention recently in the database community. Classification technique can solve several problems in different fields like medicine, industry, business, science. PSO is based on social behaviour for optimization problem. Feature Selection (FS) is a solution that involves finding a subset of prominent features to improve predictive accuracy and to remove the redundant features. Rough Set Theory (RST) is a mathematical tool which deals with the uncertainty and vagueness of the decision systems.
Distributed Digital Artifacts on the Semantic WebEditor IJCATR
Distributed digital artifacts incorporate cryptographic hash values to URI called trusty URIs in a distributed environment
building good in quality, verifiable and unchangeable web resources to prevent the rising man in the middle attack. The greatest
challenge of a centralized system is that it gives users no possibility to check whether data have been modified and the communication
is limited to a single server. As a solution for this, is the distributed digital artifact system, where resources are distributed among
different domains to enable inter-domain communication. Due to the emerging developments in web, attacks have increased rapidly,
among which man in the middle attack (MIMA) is a serious issue, where user security is at its threat. This work tries to prevent MIMA
to an extent, by providing self reference and trusty URIs even when presented in a distributed environment. Any manipulation to the
data is efficiently identified and any further access to that data is blocked by informing user that the uniform location has been
changed. System uses self-reference to contain trusty URI for each resource, lineage algorithm for generating seed and SHA-512 hash
generation algorithm to ensure security. It is implemented on the semantic web, which is an extension to the world wide web, using
RDF (Resource Description Framework) to identify the resource. Hence the framework was developed to overcome existing
challenges by making the digital artifacts on the semantic web distributed to enable communication between different domains across
the network securely and thereby preventing MIMA.
Similar to Classification and decision tree classifier machine learning (20)
Our work as consultants primarily involve implementing CRM systems to consolidate clinical and administrative data from EHRs and health plans for patient care coordination, medical tourism, transitional care, aftercare and case management. In the case of a hospital setting, they are using Mckesson Paragon EHR using ICD 10, CPT and LOINC to capture data associated to problem lists, medical history, procedures, medical orders, and test results. In the case of medications, they are using RxNorm. The system can handle SNOMED but they are only using ICD. In the case of the health plan, the data we gather is based on ICD, CPT, and NDC only. In another project, we are working to establish a centralized system to capture all test results of Puerto Rico for abnormalities identification, patient and provider notification. In addition, this data will be used to analyze health population the data we are receiving include terminology type, LOINC or CPT. Depending on the laboratory information system vendor we get the CPT or LOINC code.
According to HIMSS Board, semantic interoperability is the ability of two or more systems exchange information and use the information that has been exchanged. Semantic interoperability allows caregivers to electronically exchange the patient summary and use that information adequately to improve quality, safety, and efficiency. The Office of National Coordinator for Health Information Technology released “Connecting Health and Care for the Nation: A Shared Nationwide Interoperability Roadmap Draft Version 1.0” that proposes critical actions that the public and private sector need to take to move toward an interoperable health information technology ecosystem over the next 10 years. Health information technologies are creating a lot of opportunities to improve health outcomes including patient quality and safety while lowering the associated costs to health care. True interoperability and the exchange of health information can support benefits for payers, patients and providers. This can be achieved through well defined standards and semantic interoperability. If the systems that will be exchanging the information are not using available standards, semantic interoperability is more difficult to reach.
CollectPro es una solución integrada para manejar la gestión de cobros,recobros, y manejo de riesgo manteniendo un histórico proactivo utilizando una matriz de causa y efecto para automatizar la gestión de cobros.
This presentation gives a clear idea of how companies can improve the results in the collections life cycle including pre-collection process, collection process, collection agency, and legal by using CollectPro. CollectPro is built on Force.com. The solution is easy to use and easy to configure.
Code reviews are vital for ensuring good code quality. They serve as one of our last lines of defense against bugs and subpar code reaching production.
Yet, they often turn into annoying tasks riddled with frustration, hostility, unclear feedback and lack of standards. How can we improve this crucial process?
In this session we will cover:
- The Art of Effective Code Reviews
- Streamlining the Review Process
- Elevating Reviews with Automated Tools
By the end of this presentation, you'll have the knowledge on how to organize and improve your code review proces
Exploring Innovations in Data Repository Solutions - Insights from the U.S. G...Globus
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has made substantial investments in meeting evolving scientific, technical, and policy driven demands on storing, managing, and delivering data. As these demands continue to grow in complexity and scale, the USGS must continue to explore innovative solutions to improve its management, curation, sharing, delivering, and preservation approaches for large-scale research data. Supporting these needs, the USGS has partnered with the University of Chicago-Globus to research and develop advanced repository components and workflows leveraging its current investment in Globus. The primary outcome of this partnership includes the development of a prototype enterprise repository, driven by USGS Data Release requirements, through exploration and implementation of the entire suite of the Globus platform offerings, including Globus Flow, Globus Auth, Globus Transfer, and Globus Search. This presentation will provide insights into this research partnership, introduce the unique requirements and challenges being addressed and provide relevant project progress.
In 2015, I used to write extensions for Joomla, WordPress, phpBB3, etc and I ...Juraj Vysvader
In 2015, I used to write extensions for Joomla, WordPress, phpBB3, etc and I didn't get rich from it but it did have 63K downloads (powered possible tens of thousands of websites).
Enhancing Research Orchestration Capabilities at ORNL.pdfGlobus
Cross-facility research orchestration comes with ever-changing constraints regarding the availability and suitability of various compute and data resources. In short, a flexible data and processing fabric is needed to enable the dynamic redirection of data and compute tasks throughout the lifecycle of an experiment. In this talk, we illustrate how we easily leveraged Globus services to instrument the ACE research testbed at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility with flexible data and task orchestration capabilities.
AI Pilot Review: The World’s First Virtual Assistant Marketing SuiteGoogle
AI Pilot Review: The World’s First Virtual Assistant Marketing Suite
👉👉 Click Here To Get More Info 👇👇
https://sumonreview.com/ai-pilot-review/
AI Pilot Review: Key Features
✅Deploy AI expert bots in Any Niche With Just A Click
✅With one keyword, generate complete funnels, websites, landing pages, and more.
✅More than 85 AI features are included in the AI pilot.
✅No setup or configuration; use your voice (like Siri) to do whatever you want.
✅You Can Use AI Pilot To Create your version of AI Pilot And Charge People For It…
✅ZERO Manual Work With AI Pilot. Never write, Design, Or Code Again.
✅ZERO Limits On Features Or Usages
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See My Other Reviews Article:
(1) TubeTrivia AI Review: https://sumonreview.com/tubetrivia-ai-review
(2) SocioWave Review: https://sumonreview.com/sociowave-review
(3) AI Partner & Profit Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-partner-profit-review
(4) AI Ebook Suite Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-ebook-suite-review
In software engineering, the right architecture is essential for robust, scalable platforms. Wix has undergone a pivotal shift from event sourcing to a CRUD-based model for its microservices. This talk will chart the course of this pivotal journey.
Event sourcing, which records state changes as immutable events, provided robust auditing and "time travel" debugging for Wix Stores' microservices. Despite its benefits, the complexity it introduced in state management slowed development. Wix responded by adopting a simpler, unified CRUD model. This talk will explore the challenges of event sourcing and the advantages of Wix's new "CRUD on steroids" approach, which streamlines API integration and domain event management while preserving data integrity and system resilience.
Participants will gain valuable insights into Wix's strategies for ensuring atomicity in database updates and event production, as well as caching, materialization, and performance optimization techniques within a distributed system.
Join us to discover how Wix has mastered the art of balancing simplicity and extensibility, and learn how the re-adoption of the modest CRUD has turbocharged their development velocity, resilience, and scalability in a high-growth environment.
Custom Healthcare Software for Managing Chronic Conditions and Remote Patient...Mind IT Systems
Healthcare providers often struggle with the complexities of chronic conditions and remote patient monitoring, as each patient requires personalized care and ongoing monitoring. Off-the-shelf solutions may not meet these diverse needs, leading to inefficiencies and gaps in care. It’s here, custom healthcare software offers a tailored solution, ensuring improved care and effectiveness.
First Steps with Globus Compute Multi-User EndpointsGlobus
In this presentation we will share our experiences around getting started with the Globus Compute multi-user endpoint. Working with the Pharmacology group at the University of Auckland, we have previously written an application using Globus Compute that can offload computationally expensive steps in the researcher's workflows, which they wish to manage from their familiar Windows environments, onto the NeSI (New Zealand eScience Infrastructure) cluster. Some of the challenges we have encountered were that each researcher had to set up and manage their own single-user globus compute endpoint and that the workloads had varying resource requirements (CPUs, memory and wall time) between different runs. We hope that the multi-user endpoint will help to address these challenges and share an update on our progress here.
A Comprehensive Look at Generative AI in Retail App Testing.pdfkalichargn70th171
Traditional software testing methods are being challenged in retail, where customer expectations and technological advancements continually shape the landscape. Enter generative AI—a transformative subset of artificial intelligence technologies poised to revolutionize software testing.
Providing Globus Services to Users of JASMIN for Environmental Data AnalysisGlobus
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Experience our free, in-depth three-part Tendenci Platform Corporate Membership Management workshop series! In Session 1 on May 14th, 2024, we began with an Introduction and Setup, mastering the configuration of your Corporate Membership Module settings to establish membership types, applications, and more. Then, on May 16th, 2024, in Session 2, we focused on binding individual members to a Corporate Membership and Corporate Reps, teaching you how to add individual members and assign Corporate Representatives to manage dues, renewals, and associated members. Finally, on May 28th, 2024, in Session 3, we covered questions and concerns, addressing any queries or issues you may have.
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Check out the webinar slides to learn more about how XfilesPro transforms Salesforce document management by leveraging its world-class applications. For more details, please connect with sales@xfilespro.com
If you want to watch the on-demand webinar, please click here: https://www.xfilespro.com/webinars/salesforce-document-management-2-0-smarter-faster-better/
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OpenFOAM solver for Helmholtz equation, helmholtzFoam / helmholtzBubbleFoamtakuyayamamoto1800
In this slide, we show the simulation example and the way to compile this solver.
In this solver, the Helmholtz equation can be solved by helmholtzFoam. Also, the Helmholtz equation with uniformly dispersed bubbles can be simulated by helmholtzBubbleFoam.
OpenFOAM solver for Helmholtz equation, helmholtzFoam / helmholtzBubbleFoam
Classification and decision tree classifier machine learning
1. Marketing Campaign Effectiveness
Classification and Decision Tree Classifier
CIS 435
Francisco E. Figueroa
I. Introduction
Classification is a data mining task or function that assign objects to one of several
predefined categories or classes. The classification model encompasese diverse of
applications such as identifying load applicants as low, medium or high credit scores, detect
spam email messages based on the message header, among other examples. We must
consider that the classification model is the middle process where an input of attribute (x) that
goes through the classification model to obtain the output of the class label (y). The
classification task begins with a data set in which the class assignments are known. The
classifications are discrete and do not imply any type of order. If the class label is a continuous
attribute, then regression models will be used as predictive model. The simplest type of
classification problem is binary, where two possible values are possible. In the case that has
more values, then we have a multiclass. (Tan, 2006)
When building the classification model, after preparing the data, the training process is
key to the classification algorithm to find the relationships between the values of the predictors
and the values of the target. Descriptive modeling support the training process because it serve
as an explanatory tool to distinguish between objects of different classes. In the case, of the
predictive modeling, is used to predict the class label of unknown records. It’s important to point
out that classification techniques are suited for predicting or describing data sets with binary or
nominal categories. (SAS,2016)
In general, the classification technique requires a learning algorithm to identify a model
that best fits the relationship between the attribute set and the class label of the input data. The
objective of the algorithm is to build models with good generalization capability. To solve
classification problems we need to use a training set that will be applied to the test set, which
consist of records with unknown class labels. The evaluation of the performance of the
classification model is based on the confusion matrix.
The classification model has many application in customer segmentation, business
modeling, marketing, and credit analysis, among others.
II. Overview of Decision Tree
The decision tree is a classifier and is a powerful form to perform multiple variable
analysis. Decision trees are produced by algorithms that identify various ways of splitting a data
set into branch-like segments. Multiple variable analyses allow us to predict, explain, describe,
or classify an outcome (or target). An example of a multiple variable analysis is a probability of
sale or the likelihood to respond to a marketing campaign as a result of the combined effects of
multiple input variables, factors, or dimensions. This multiple variable analysis capability of
decision trees enables to go beyond simple one-cause, one-effect relationships and to discover
and describe things in the context of multiple influences. (SAS,2016)
2. In a decision tree is created from a series of questions and their possible answers that
are organized in a hierarchical structure consisting of nodes and directed edges. The tree has
three types of nodes: a) root node - has no incoming edges and zero or more outgoing edges;
b) internal nodes - each of which has exactly one incoming edge and two or more outgoing
edges; and c) leaf or terminal nodes - each of which has exactly one incoming edge and not
outgoing edges.
Efficient algorithms have been developed to induce a reasonably accurate decision
trees. The algorithms usually employ a greedy strategy that grows a decision tree by making a
series of locally optimum decisions about which attribute to use for partitioning the data. The
Hunt’s algorithm is the bases of many existing decision tree induction algorithms.
One of the biggest questions is how to split the training records and when to stop the
splitting. The decision induction algorithm must provide a method for expressing an attribute
test condition and its corresponding outcomes for different attribute types. There are measures
that can be used to determine the best way to split the records. The measures are defined in
terms of the class distribution of the record before and after the splitting. The measures
developed for selecting the best split are often based on the degree of impurity of the child
ones. Examples of impurity measures include the Gini (t) and Entropy(t). (Tan,2006) Entropy
is the quantitative measure of disorder in a system. It is used to calculate to find homogeneity in
the dataset to divide dataset into several classes. Entropy is used for when node belongs to
only one class, then entropy will become zero, when disorder of dataset is high or classes are
equally divided then entropy will be maximal and help in making decision at several stages.
(Gulati,2016). The information gain ratio reduce the bias of info gain. The Gini index is used by
CART and is an impurity measure of dataset. It’s an alternative of information gain. Entropy and
Gini are primary factors of measuring data impurity for classification. Entropy is best for
categorical attributes and Gini more numeric and continuous attributes.
III. Parameters Used for Model Accuracy
The evaluation metrics available for binary classification models are: Accuracy,
Precision, Recall, and AUC. The module outputs a confusion matrix showing the number of true
positives, false negatives, false positives, and true negatives, as well as ROC, Precision/Recall,
and Lift curves. When you see the accuracy is the proportion of correctly classified instances
and it is usually the first metric you look to evaluate a classifier. In the case that the data is is
unbalanced (where most of the instances belong to one of the classes), or you are more
interested in the performance on either one of the classes, accuracy doesn’t really capture the
effectiveness of a classifier.
The precision of the model let us understand which is the proportion of positives that are
classified correctly: TP/(TP+FP). The Recall let us now how many records did the classifier
classify correctly TP/(TP+FN) of the classifier. It is interesting that there is a trade-off between
precision and recall. Other areas that generates value to the accuracy model is the inspection
of the true positive rate vs. the false positive rate in the Receiver Operating Characteristic
(ROC) curve and the corresponding Area Under the Curve (AUC) value. The closer this curve is
3. to the upper left corner, the better the classifier’s performance is (that is maximizing the true
positive rate while minimizing the false positive rate). (Azure,2016)
IV. Weka Exercises
According to the exercise, we are trying to predict if a client will subscribe to a term deposit. In
this case when we apply the training set with all the attributes we obtained the following results:
Correctly Classified Instances 4023 88.9847 %
Incorrectly Classified Instances 498 11.0153 %
No Yes
No 3838 (TN) 162 (FP)
Yes 336 (FN) 185 (TP)
The Accuracy = (TP + TN ) / (P+N) = (185+3,838)/4,521 = .889. The decision tree has 104
Leaves and the size of the tree is 146.
When eliminating contact, day, month, and duration we obtained the following :
Correctly Classified Instances 4025 89.029 %
Incorrectly Classified Instances 496 10.971 %
No Yes
No 3961 (TN) 39 (FP)
Yes 457 (FN) 64 (TP)
The Accuracy = (TP + TN ) / (P+N) = (64+3,961)/4,521 = .890. The decision tree has 30 leaves
and the size of the tree is 42. In summary, the training data when eliminating the contact, day,
month, and duration becomes more effective in terms of accuracy and the decision tree is less
complex.
V. Use Cases
Decision Tree is one of the successful data mining techniques used in the diagnosis of heart
disease. Yet its accuracy is not perfect. Most research applies the J4.8 Decision Tree that is
based on Gain Ratio and binary discretization. (Showman,2011). Another application is for
marketing when a marketing manager at a company needs to analyze a customer with a given
profile, who will buy a new item.
4. References
Gulati,P., Sharma, A., Gupta, M. Theorical Study of Decision Tree Algorithms to Identify Pivotal
Factors for Performance Improvement: A Review. May 2016. International Journal of Computer
Applications. Vol 141 - No. 14.
Magee, J. Decision Trees for Decision Making.
Microsoft Azure. How to evaluate model performance in Azure Machine Learning. Retrieved
from
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/machine-learning-evaluate-model-perf
ormance/
SAS. Decision Trees - What are They. Retrieved from
http://support.sas.com/publishing/pubcat/chaps/57587.pdf
Shouman,M. ,Turner T., Stocker R. Using Decision Tree for Diagnosing Heart Disease Patients
Retrieved from http://crpit.com/confpapers/CRPITV121Shouman.pdf