Classical Greek humanism placed man at the center and valued human reason above all else. Education was individualized for males and focused on household management for females. Art and architecture glorified human proportions and perfection through symmetry and mathematics. Literature included histories by Herodotus and fables by Aesop, as well as tragedies by Sophocles like Oedipus Rex. Greek philosophy used abstract thought to explore life's big questions, with Sophists rejecting single truths and emphasizing civic duty and excellence. Major philosophers included Socrates, his student Plato who wrote The Republic, and Aristotle who tutored Alexander.