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This document provides an overview of digital modulation techniques for data communication. It discusses three main types of digital modulation: Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). For each type, it provides a brief description of the modulation technique. It also includes diagrams to illustrate optical fiber technology and references for further reading.
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The document discusses transmission impairments in data communication systems. There are three main causes of impairment: 1) attenuation which is the loss of signal strength over long distances, 2) distortion where different frequency components have different propagation speeds, and 3) noise from unwanted random signals mixing with the original signal. Broadband systems use modulation to reduce the effect of noise while baseband transmission sends digital signals using codes like NRZ over short distances only. The key differences between baseband and broadband are that broadband uses modulation for long-distance unidirectional transmission while baseband utilizes coding for short-distance bidirectional transmission.
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This document is an assignment submission for a course on data communication. It discusses baseband and broadband transmission, the differences between them, and sources of transmission impairment including attenuation, distortion, and noise. Baseband transmission sends a digital signal directly without changing it to analog, while broadband modulation transmits signals as radiofrequency waves. Both can use frequency division multiplexing. Transmission impairment occurs as signals travel and can result in a loss of energy, a change in the received signal shape, or corruption from thermal noise, crosstalk or impulse noise.
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Data and Computer Communications ,Transmission Terminology Frequency Domain Concepts Advantages & Disadvantages of Digital Signals Audio Signals Video Signals Analog and Digital Transmission ATTENUATION Noise
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This document provides an overview of data communication and digital signal modulation. It defines data communication as the process of transferring data between places or parties using computing and communication technologies. It then describes different types of signals, including analog and digital signals, and how they are classified. The main part of the document discusses different digital modulation techniques used to transmit digital signals, including amplitude-shift keying, frequency-shift keying, and phase-shift keying. It provides details on how each technique works and an example modulation method for each.
Class note 5..nazmun nahar 1834902176
The document discusses the differences between baseband and broadband transmissions. It explains that baseband transmits a single data stream at a time using digital signals, while broadband transmits multiple data streams simultaneously using analog signals. It also discusses sources of transmission impairment including attenuation, distortion, and noise such as thermal noise and crosstalk.
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This document is a course note on data communication that discusses baseband transmission, broadband transmission, and the differences between them. It also covers topics like twisted pair cables, transmission impairments including attenuation, distortion, and noise. Baseband transmission sends digital signals directly as voltage pulses using two separate circuits for bidirectional communication over short distances. Broadband transmission sends analog signals using multiplexed frequency bands over fiber optics or twisted cable for long-distance communication without attenuation. Transmission impairments degrade signals, with attenuation resulting in energy loss, distortion changing signal shape, and noise corrupting signals from sources like thermal effects and crosstalk.
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The document discusses transmission impairments in data communication systems. There are three main causes of impairment: 1) attenuation which is the loss of signal strength over long distances, 2) distortion where different frequency components have different propagation speeds, and 3) noise from unwanted random signals mixing with the original signal. Broadband systems use modulation to reduce the effect of noise while baseband transmission sends digital signals using codes like NRZ over short distances only. The key differences between baseband and broadband are that broadband uses modulation for long-distance unidirectional transmission while baseband utilizes coding for short-distance bidirectional transmission.
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The document discusses the differences between baseband and broadband transmissions. It explains that baseband transmits a single data stream at a time using digital signals, while broadband transmits multiple data streams simultaneously using analog signals. It also discusses sources of transmission impairment including attenuation, distortion, and noise such as thermal noise and crosstalk.
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This document is a course note on data communication that discusses baseband transmission, broadband transmission, and the differences between them. It also covers topics like twisted pair cables, transmission impairments including attenuation, distortion, and noise. Baseband transmission sends digital signals directly as voltage pulses using two separate circuits for bidirectional communication over short distances. Broadband transmission sends analog signals using multiplexed frequency bands over fiber optics or twisted cable for long-distance communication without attenuation. Transmission impairments degrade signals, with attenuation resulting in energy loss, distortion changing signal shape, and noise corrupting signals from sources like thermal effects and crosstalk.
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This document discusses data modulation and digital modulation. It defines data modulation as the process of converting analog signals to digital signals and vice versa, allowing computers to store and process analog signals. Digital modulation encodes a digital information signal into the amplitude, phase, or frequency of a transmitted signal. The types of digital modulation discussed are Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). Examples of each type are provided.
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2) There are three main types of digital modulation: ASK uses amplitude shift keying, FSK uses frequency shift keying, and PSK uses phase shift keying.
3) ASK transmits data via optical fiber cable using high and low amplitude signals to represent 1s and 0s. FSK represents 1s and 0s as high and low frequencies. PSK is
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Digital communication systems use digital modulation techniques to convert analog messages into digital signals for transmission. The three main digital band-pass modulation techniques are amplitude-shift keying (ASK), phase-shift keying (PSK), and frequency-shift keying (FSK). These techniques modulate a carrier signal by varying the amplitude, phase, or frequency according to the digital message. Receivers can use coherent or noncoherent detection, with coherent detection providing better performance but requiring synchronization to the transmitter carrier phase. The bandwidth requirement and transmitted energy depend on modulation parameters like the bit duration and carrier frequency.
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Wideband reconstruction is a scheme that adds a synthesized highband signal to narrowband speech to produce a higher quality wideband speech signal. The synthesized highband signal is based entirely on information contained in the narrowband speech, and is thus achieved at zero increase in the bit rate from a coding perspective. Wideband reconstruction can function as a post-processor to any narrowband telephone receiver, or alternatively it can be combined with any narrowband speech coder to produce a very low bit rate wideband speech coder. Applications include higher quality mobile, teleconferencing, and internet telephony.
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The document analyzes the phenomenon of silent calls (SCs) in mobile networks. Key findings:
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2. The main causes of total SCs were found to be interference in the radio link and issues during handovers between network technologies.
3. Even with significant loss of speech signal, estimated speech quality was relatively good due to packet loss concealment techniques, with unacceptable quality defined as over 17% loss of speech.
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Multiple access protocols allow multiple nodes to access a shared network channel. They operate in the MAC sublayer of the OSI model. Random access protocols assign equal priority to all nodes, allowing any idle node to transmit. The four main random access protocols are ALOHA, CSMA, CSMA/CD, and CSMA/CA. ALOHA is a simple protocol where each node transmits whenever it has a frame, potentially causing collisions. It was later improved with slotted ALOHA which divides time into slots. CSMA protocols first check if the channel is idle before transmitting to avoid collisions.
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Multiplexing is the sharing of a medium or bandwidth by combining multiple signals from multiple sources and transmitting them over a single communication line. There are three main types of multiplexing: frequency division multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, and time division multiplexing. Frequency division multiplexing divides the bandwidth into independent frequency channels. Wavelength division multiplexing combines different light sources into a single light source using a multiplexer and separates them using a demultiplexer. Time division multiplexing shares time instead of bandwidth, with each connection occupying a portion of time in the link.
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This document discusses line coding techniques used in data communication. It describes three main categories of line coding: unipolar, polar, and bipolar. Unipolar coding uses one signal level, polar uses two levels, and bipolar uses three levels including positive, negative and zero. Specific techniques like NRZ, NRZ-L, and AMI are discussed along with their advantages and disadvantages. The document also covers encapsulation and decapsulation in networking, where data is packaged at each layer of transmission and unpacked at the receiving end.
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This document discusses various networking concepts and components. It defines simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex communication modes. Half-duplex allows transmission in only one direction at a time, while full-duplex enables simultaneous transmission in both directions. The document also defines LAN, MAN, WAN, and CAN network types based on geographic scope. It describes common network devices like hubs, switches, and routers and their functions. Finally, it covers topics like IP addressing classes, MAC addresses, and their purposes in network communication.
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The document discusses the OSI and TCP/IP models for network communication.
The OSI model has 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has a specific function in the flow of data from source to destination.
The TCP/IP model is simpler and combines some OSI layers. It has 4 layers - network access, internet, transport, and application.
The OSI model helps networking professionals understand information flow and determine hardware/software needs to build computer networks.
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The document discusses the history and components of computers. It describes how early computers were developed to perform calculations but are now used for a variety of purposes. The main components of a computer are the central processing unit, memory, storage devices, input devices, output devices, and buses that connect them. The CPU fetches and executes instructions while the memory stores active programs and data. Common internal components are the motherboard, processor, RAM, and hard drive, while external components include keyboards, mice, displays, and optical drives.
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- 1. Assignment on Digital modulation Course Title: Data Communication Course Code: CSE 313 Submitted To Submitted by Pronab nath bondhu Fairuz Fatemi Lecturer ID:1834902087 City University Batch:49(B)Day B.S.C in CSE D:05/09/2021 1
- 2. Signal Analog and digital modulation transmission impairment • When data is sent over physical medium it means to first convent medium it means to first convent in to electromagnetic signal data it can be converted into. • Analog : Human voice • Digital : Document 2
- 3. Digital modulation • Digital Modulation provides more information capacity, high data security, quicker system availability with great quality communication. • Three Type : • 1.ASK(amplitude shift keying) • 2.FSK(frequency shift keying) • 3.PSK(phase shift keying) 3
- 4. • Three Type of Details : • ASK – Amplitude Shift Keying • The amplitude of the resultant output depends upon the input data whether it should be a zero level or a variation of positive and negative, depending upon the carrier frequency. • • FSK – Frequency Shift Keying • The frequency of the output signal will be either high or low, depending upon the input data applied. • • PSK – Phase Shift Keying • The phase of the output signal gets shifted depending upon the input.(QPSK,BPSK) (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) (Binary Phase Shift Keying) 4
- 5. Diagrams : 5
- 6. Optical Fiber : • What is an Optical Fiber? • Optical fiber is the technology associated with data transmission using light pulses travelling along with a long fiber which is usually made of plastic or glass. Metal wires are preferred for transmission in optical fiber communication as signals travel with fewer damages. 6
- 7. References : • https://www.tutorialspoint.com/digital_communication/digital_com munication_digital_modulation_techniques.htm • https://byjus.com/physics/what-is-optical-fiber/ 7