Reproduction allows organisms to produce new individuals of their own kind. There are two main types: asexual reproduction, which involves a single parent and no gamete formation, and sexual reproduction, which involves two parents and the production of offspring. Variation between individuals can arise from genetic or environmental factors. Examples of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms include binary fission in amoeba and multiple fission in plasmodium.

1. HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE
Reproduction is the process
by which a living organism
produces more living organisms
of its own kind.

2. DEFINE REPRODUCTION .
The process by which an organism produces its offspring is called Reproduction.
Production of new organism from the existing organism of the same species is known
as Reproduction.
DEFINE ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
When a single parent is involved in reproduction and gamete formation does not
happen, it is called asexual reproduction.
DEFINE VARIATION
Any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any
species caused either by genetic differences (genotypic variation) or by the effect of
environmental factors on the expression of the genetic
potential.(phenotypic variation).

3. NUTRITION
RESPIRATION
EXCRETION
REPRODUCTION
Necessary to
live
Why reproduction is important?
For maintanence of continuity of a species
For adding variations for evolution
For maintanence of population size

5. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATION?
NATURAL VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION
• BY LEAVES- BRYOPHYLLUM, KALANCHOE
• BY STEM- GINGER, ONION, POTATO
• BY ROOTS- SWEET POTATO

6. IN LEAF
IN STEM
IN ROOT

7. ARTIFICIAL VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION
CUTTING
LAYERING
TISSUE
CULTURE/MICROPROPAGATION
GRAFTING

9. WHAT IS ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION? DEFINE ITS
TYPES WITH EXAMPLES.
Binary fission- Amoeba, Leishmania
Multiple fission- Plasmodium
Fission
Regeneration- Planaria
Budding- Yeast, Hydra
Spore formation- Rhizopus
Fragmentation- Spirogyra

10. UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS- AMOEBA

11. BINARY FISSION IN AMOEBA
Binary fission is a process by which a single celled organism divides itself
into two new organisms.
Karyokinesis
Cytokinesis

14. • SEXUAL
• MOM
• DAD
• OFFSPRING
• 2 PARENTS INVOLVED
• Humans, dogs, elephants, etc.
• ASEXUAL
• SINGLE PARENT
• OFFSPRING
• Simple and small organisms like
microorganisms.
• Simple plants
TYPES OF REPRODUCTION