SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Clark 8 and 9 Personalization Principles  Segmenting and Pre-training Principles Christian King LHDT 548
Objectives 1. Students will differentiate formal language from informal language. 2. Students will
Personalization Principle 1:   Use conversational rather than formal style. • Use active voice in writing • Use second person and informal language such as contractions
You should use active voice instead of passive voice. Passive voice creates a more formal tone
You should use active voice instead of passive voice. Example of passive voice: The  database  is used by all  employees  to store client  records.  Note that the subject, the person or thing DOING something in the sentence ( employees ), comes after the thing being acted on ( database ).
You should use active voice instead of passive voice. Example of active voice: All  employees  use the  database  to store client documents.  This time, the subject of the sentence ( employees ), comes before the thing being acted on ( database ).
Use second person and con-tractions in writing and narration Example of  formal  writing: Employees should change their passwords monthly when  they are prompted to. The use of “you” is second person perspective, and using the contraction “you’re” is less formal than “you are”. Example of  informal  writing: You should change your passwords monthly when you’re  prompted to.
Research-based Rationale Percent correct on Transfer Test Moreno and Mayer, 2000
Research-based Rationale Percent correct on Transfer Test Moreno and Mayer, 2000 People learn better from conversational style speech or text than from formal style.
Additional tips: People learn better from human, rather than computer voices. Use polite, conversational language rather than direct language. Try “Let’s click the ‘enter’ key.” or “You may click the ‘enter’ key.” vs.  “ Click the ‘enter’ key.”
Personalization Principle 2:   Use effective on-screen coaches, or “agents,” to promote learning. •“ Pedagogical agents are on-screen characters who help guide the learning process during an e-learning episode.” Clark, p. 168 • On-screen agents provide coaching, hints, solved examples, demonstrations, explanations
 
Personalization Principle 3:   Make the author visible to promote learning. • Feel free to allow the author’s voice to enhance the text. -The author may include himself/herself as a first  person example in the text. -The author might interject his or her perspective  while avoiding bias. -You may include interviews with authorities in  audio, video, or text format.
Review 1. Use conversational language, “you,” “I,” and contractions. 2. On-screen pedagogical agents should provide coaching 3. The voice quality of narration should be natural. 4. The course author can express her or his own voice.
 
Chapter 9- Segmenting and pre-training principles
Segmenting Principle:   Break a continuous lesson into bite-size segments. • Break lessons into concepts or steps • Allow the learner to continue at her or his own pace
Pre-training Principle:   Ensure that learners know the names and characteristics of key concepts. • If the processes or procedures your are teaching will be complex for your learners, introduce them prior to the lesson. -Clark’s “Design Dilemma” segments are examples  of pre-training exercises.
Research-based Rationale Scores on transfer test Mayer, Mathias, and Wetzel, 2002
Research-based Rationale Pre-training elements in lessons resulted in better learning. Scores on transfer test Mayer, Mathias, and Wetzel, 2002
Review 1. Segment lessons into manageable portions controlled by the learner. 2. Define technical terms and provide examples in advance of the lesson where appropriate.
Exercise 1.  Read the following sentences and decide whether they are conversational or formal.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Exercise 2.  Briefly review this presentation. How did the author segment the various concepts introduced in the lesson? What are some other ways you could create segments in a lesson?
End of Presentation Christian King LHDT 548

More Related Content

What's hot

Day 25
Day 25Day 25
Day 25IECP
 
Speaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila Chei
Speaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila CheiSpeaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila Chei
Speaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila Chei
Sheila Wijayanti
 
Assessing speaking
Assessing speakingAssessing speaking
Assessing speaking
امین کوهنوردی
 
Assessing speaking
Assessing speakingAssessing speaking
Assessing speakingjojogarcia7
 
Oral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubricOral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubricCarmen Reigada
 
Tips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE Exam
Tips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE ExamTips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE Exam
Tips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE Exam
Global Opportunities
 
Ge19 jan14 class3
Ge19 jan14 class3Ge19 jan14 class3
Ge19 jan14 class3
missjaqui
 
Student's Oral Presentation Rubric pdf
Student's Oral Presentation Rubric pdfStudent's Oral Presentation Rubric pdf
Student's Oral Presentation Rubric pdf
JessicaLuna10
 
Power point presentation rubric
Power point presentation rubricPower point presentation rubric
Power point presentation rubric
msedaghatian1
 
Persuasive speech outline 2012
Persuasive speech outline 2012Persuasive speech outline 2012
Persuasive speech outline 2012aharrislibrarian
 
Oral presentation rubrics
Oral presentation rubricsOral presentation rubrics
Oral presentation rubricsmora-deyanira
 
Testing listening slide
Testing listening slideTesting listening slide
Testing listening slide
Santi Setiorini Nur
 
Group presentation rubric
Group presentation rubricGroup presentation rubric
Group presentation rubric
Rose Caballero
 
Oral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubricOral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubricMark-Richter
 
Language Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL Learning
Language Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL LearningLanguage Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL Learning
Language Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL Learning
EFL Learning
 
Clarity & Conciseness
Clarity & ConcisenessClarity & Conciseness
Clarity & Conciseness
Sanjoe Tom Jose
 
Second period.Eleventh grade.Topics
Second period.Eleventh grade.TopicsSecond period.Eleventh grade.Topics
Second period.Eleventh grade.Topics
DianaGarcia570
 

What's hot (20)

Day 25
Day 25Day 25
Day 25
 
Speaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila Chei
Speaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila CheiSpeaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila Chei
Speaking Assessment_Language Assessment - By Sheila Chei
 
Assessing speaking
Assessing speakingAssessing speaking
Assessing speaking
 
Assessing speaking
Assessing speakingAssessing speaking
Assessing speaking
 
Oral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubricOral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubric
 
Tips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE Exam
Tips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE ExamTips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE Exam
Tips and Tricks to Crack Speaking Section of the PTE Exam
 
Ge19 jan14 class3
Ge19 jan14 class3Ge19 jan14 class3
Ge19 jan14 class3
 
Student's Oral Presentation Rubric pdf
Student's Oral Presentation Rubric pdfStudent's Oral Presentation Rubric pdf
Student's Oral Presentation Rubric pdf
 
Power point presentation rubric
Power point presentation rubricPower point presentation rubric
Power point presentation rubric
 
Persuasive speech outline 2012
Persuasive speech outline 2012Persuasive speech outline 2012
Persuasive speech outline 2012
 
Oral presentation rubrics
Oral presentation rubricsOral presentation rubrics
Oral presentation rubrics
 
Testing listening slide
Testing listening slideTesting listening slide
Testing listening slide
 
Group presentation rubric
Group presentation rubricGroup presentation rubric
Group presentation rubric
 
Assessing speaking
Assessing speakingAssessing speaking
Assessing speaking
 
Oral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubricOral presentation rubric
Oral presentation rubric
 
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusion
Conclusion
 
Language Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL Learning
Language Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL LearningLanguage Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL Learning
Language Assessment - Assessing Listening by EFL Learning
 
Clarity & Conciseness
Clarity & ConcisenessClarity & Conciseness
Clarity & Conciseness
 
Second period.Eleventh grade.Topics
Second period.Eleventh grade.TopicsSecond period.Eleventh grade.Topics
Second period.Eleventh grade.Topics
 
Testing of listening
Testing of listeningTesting of listening
Testing of listening
 

Viewers also liked

Antihackingblogspotcom
AntihackingblogspotcomAntihackingblogspotcom
Antihackingblogspotcom
James Jara
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5
James Jara
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3
James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3
James Jara
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1
James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1
James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1
James Jara
 
Antihackingblogspotcom
AntihackingblogspotcomAntihackingblogspotcom
AntihackingblogspotcomJames Jara
 
Dexter's book
Dexter's bookDexter's book
Dexter's bookswetaguha
 
My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...
My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...
My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...
swetaguha
 
James jara portafolio
James jara portafolioJames jara portafolio
James jara portafolio
James Jara
 
Installing hadoophivederby on_centos
Installing hadoophivederby on_centosInstalling hadoophivederby on_centos
Installing hadoophivederby on_centosJames Jara
 
LSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places Presentation
LSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places PresentationLSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places Presentation
LSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places Presentation
LSF Interactive
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2
James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2
James Jara
 
Hack.lu 2016
Hack.lu 2016   Hack.lu 2016
Hack.lu 2016
James Jara
 
high school vs college
high school vs collegehigh school vs college
high school vs college
Vanityblue1987
 

Viewers also liked (15)

Antihackingblogspotcom
AntihackingblogspotcomAntihackingblogspotcom
Antihackingblogspotcom
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - InfoSec White Paper- Part 5
 
Portafolio
PortafolioPortafolio
Portafolio
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3
James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Enterprise datagrid - Part 3
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1
James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1
James Jara Portfolio 2014 Part 1
 
Antihackingblogspotcom
AntihackingblogspotcomAntihackingblogspotcom
Antihackingblogspotcom
 
Dexter's book
Dexter's bookDexter's book
Dexter's book
 
My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...
My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...
My Baby book...Special moments of your bundle of joy in a personalised one of...
 
Clark ch 5 and 6
Clark ch 5 and 6Clark ch 5 and 6
Clark ch 5 and 6
 
James jara portafolio
James jara portafolioJames jara portafolio
James jara portafolio
 
Installing hadoophivederby on_centos
Installing hadoophivederby on_centosInstalling hadoophivederby on_centos
Installing hadoophivederby on_centos
 
LSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places Presentation
LSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places PresentationLSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places Presentation
LSF Interactive SEMPO Google Places Presentation
 
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2
James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2James Jara Portfolio 2014  - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2
James Jara Portfolio 2014 - Cloud Operating System Voip -Part 2
 
Hack.lu 2016
Hack.lu 2016   Hack.lu 2016
Hack.lu 2016
 
high school vs college
high school vs collegehigh school vs college
high school vs college
 

Similar to Clark ch 8 and 9

Cornell note presentation
Cornell note presentationCornell note presentation
Cornell note presentationmcicconi
 
Cornell note presentation
Cornell note presentationCornell note presentation
Cornell note presentationmcicconi
 
Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8
Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8
Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8
Coni Grebel
 
Cornell notes
Cornell notesCornell notes
Cornell notesktlorenzo
 
Oral communication and writing skills and paragraph
Oral communication and writing skills and paragraphOral communication and writing skills and paragraph
Oral communication and writing skills and paragraph
virendradayma21
 
Contribute to effective workplace relationships.pptx
Contribute to effective workplace relationships.pptxContribute to effective workplace relationships.pptx
Contribute to effective workplace relationships.pptx
CarltonStephenson1
 
Y1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptx
Y1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptxY1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptx
Y1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptx
EdmondLabule2
 
Quaterr 3 Week 2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptx
Quaterr 3 Week  2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptxQuaterr 3 Week  2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptx
Quaterr 3 Week 2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptx
AraojoLouisiana
 
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docxOutline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
vannagoforth
 
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docxOutline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
aman341480
 
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptx
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptxPRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptx
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptx
BejayCastaneto
 
Basics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptx
Basics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptxBasics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptx
Basics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptx
Ermiyas33
 
Communication Soft Skills
Communication Soft SkillsCommunication Soft Skills
Communication Soft Skills
Megan Finley
 
Study GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docx
Study GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docxStudy GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docx
Study GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docx
hanneloremccaffery
 
Principles of technical writing
Principles of technical writingPrinciples of technical writing
Principles of technical writing
UniversdaddeRitdhaWi
 

Similar to Clark ch 8 and 9 (20)

Cornell note presentation
Cornell note presentationCornell note presentation
Cornell note presentation
 
Cornell note presentation
Cornell note presentationCornell note presentation
Cornell note presentation
 
Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8
Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8
Cornell notes-student-ppt-1227061471387790-8
 
Cornell notes
Cornell notesCornell notes
Cornell notes
 
Oral communication and writing skills and paragraph
Oral communication and writing skills and paragraphOral communication and writing skills and paragraph
Oral communication and writing skills and paragraph
 
Contribute to effective workplace relationships.pptx
Contribute to effective workplace relationships.pptxContribute to effective workplace relationships.pptx
Contribute to effective workplace relationships.pptx
 
Y1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptx
Y1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptxY1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptx
Y1 ACW Computer Science 4 - Identifying Client ICT Problems.pptx
 
Quaterr 3 Week 2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptx
Quaterr 3 Week  2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptxQuaterr 3 Week  2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptx
Quaterr 3 Week 2 (Enlish 10) Informative Writing.pptx
 
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docxOutline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
 
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docxOutline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
Outline on OutliningHeaderKepa M’OrganizedInformative Speech.docx
 
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptx
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptxPRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptx
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING.pptx
 
Basics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptx
Basics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptxBasics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptx
Basics of Communication_Soft_Skills.pptx
 
Communication Soft Skills
Communication Soft SkillsCommunication Soft Skills
Communication Soft Skills
 
Chp 9
Chp 9Chp 9
Chp 9
 
Chp 9
Chp 9 Chp 9
Chp 9
 
Head start behaviouralquestions
Head start behaviouralquestionsHead start behaviouralquestions
Head start behaviouralquestions
 
Study GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docx
Study GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docxStudy GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docx
Study GuideSpeechByDonna BeechReviewed ByJos.docx
 
Body paragr
Body paragrBody paragr
Body paragr
 
note_taking_facilitator_guide(goerzen2011)
note_taking_facilitator_guide(goerzen2011)note_taking_facilitator_guide(goerzen2011)
note_taking_facilitator_guide(goerzen2011)
 
Principles of technical writing
Principles of technical writingPrinciples of technical writing
Principles of technical writing
 

Recently uploaded

LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
DanBrown980551
 
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
James Anderson
 
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Albert Hoitingh
 
PCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase Team
PCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase TeamPCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase Team
PCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase Team
ControlCase
 
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdfLeading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
OnBoard
 
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
Sri Ambati
 
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Ramesh Iyer
 
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersEssentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Safe Software
 
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Product School
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Tobias Schneck
 
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Frank van Harmelen
 
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewState of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
Prayukth K V
 
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyesAssuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
ThousandEyes
 
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
Elena Simperl
 
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
Product School
 
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectDevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
Kari Kakkonen
 
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using SmithyGenerating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
g2nightmarescribd
 
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
Thierry Lestable
 
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonConnector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
DianaGray10
 

Recently uploaded (20)

LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
 
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
 
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
 
PCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase Team
PCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase TeamPCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase Team
PCI PIN Basics Webinar from the Controlcase Team
 
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdfLeading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
 
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
 
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
 
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersEssentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
 
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
 
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
 
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
 
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewState of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
 
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyesAssuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
 
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
 
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
 
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectDevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
 
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using SmithyGenerating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
 
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
 
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonConnector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
 

Clark ch 8 and 9

  • 1. Clark 8 and 9 Personalization Principles Segmenting and Pre-training Principles Christian King LHDT 548
  • 2. Objectives 1. Students will differentiate formal language from informal language. 2. Students will
  • 3. Personalization Principle 1: Use conversational rather than formal style. • Use active voice in writing • Use second person and informal language such as contractions
  • 4. You should use active voice instead of passive voice. Passive voice creates a more formal tone
  • 5. You should use active voice instead of passive voice. Example of passive voice: The database is used by all employees to store client records. Note that the subject, the person or thing DOING something in the sentence ( employees ), comes after the thing being acted on ( database ).
  • 6. You should use active voice instead of passive voice. Example of active voice: All employees use the database to store client documents. This time, the subject of the sentence ( employees ), comes before the thing being acted on ( database ).
  • 7. Use second person and con-tractions in writing and narration Example of formal writing: Employees should change their passwords monthly when they are prompted to. The use of “you” is second person perspective, and using the contraction “you’re” is less formal than “you are”. Example of informal writing: You should change your passwords monthly when you’re prompted to.
  • 8. Research-based Rationale Percent correct on Transfer Test Moreno and Mayer, 2000
  • 9. Research-based Rationale Percent correct on Transfer Test Moreno and Mayer, 2000 People learn better from conversational style speech or text than from formal style.
  • 10. Additional tips: People learn better from human, rather than computer voices. Use polite, conversational language rather than direct language. Try “Let’s click the ‘enter’ key.” or “You may click the ‘enter’ key.” vs. “ Click the ‘enter’ key.”
  • 11. Personalization Principle 2: Use effective on-screen coaches, or “agents,” to promote learning. •“ Pedagogical agents are on-screen characters who help guide the learning process during an e-learning episode.” Clark, p. 168 • On-screen agents provide coaching, hints, solved examples, demonstrations, explanations
  • 12.  
  • 13. Personalization Principle 3: Make the author visible to promote learning. • Feel free to allow the author’s voice to enhance the text. -The author may include himself/herself as a first person example in the text. -The author might interject his or her perspective while avoiding bias. -You may include interviews with authorities in audio, video, or text format.
  • 14. Review 1. Use conversational language, “you,” “I,” and contractions. 2. On-screen pedagogical agents should provide coaching 3. The voice quality of narration should be natural. 4. The course author can express her or his own voice.
  • 15.  
  • 16. Chapter 9- Segmenting and pre-training principles
  • 17. Segmenting Principle: Break a continuous lesson into bite-size segments. • Break lessons into concepts or steps • Allow the learner to continue at her or his own pace
  • 18. Pre-training Principle: Ensure that learners know the names and characteristics of key concepts. • If the processes or procedures your are teaching will be complex for your learners, introduce them prior to the lesson. -Clark’s “Design Dilemma” segments are examples of pre-training exercises.
  • 19. Research-based Rationale Scores on transfer test Mayer, Mathias, and Wetzel, 2002
  • 20. Research-based Rationale Pre-training elements in lessons resulted in better learning. Scores on transfer test Mayer, Mathias, and Wetzel, 2002
  • 21. Review 1. Segment lessons into manageable portions controlled by the learner. 2. Define technical terms and provide examples in advance of the lesson where appropriate.
  • 22. Exercise 1. Read the following sentences and decide whether they are conversational or formal.
  • 23.
  • 24. Exercise 2. Briefly review this presentation. How did the author segment the various concepts introduced in the lesson? What are some other ways you could create segments in a lesson?
  • 25. End of Presentation Christian King LHDT 548