Christopher Sholes Research Paper

Christopher Sholes Research Paper
The 1867 Typewriter was an amazing invention. It allowed people in the 1800's to print papers and
articles quickly. This invention led to the computer and cash register. The first working typewriter
was invented by Christopher Latham Sholes in 1867. Sholes was born on February 14, 1819. Sholes
lived with his mom, dad and younger brother Charles. He went to school to become an apprentice to
a printer. Sholes then completed his apprenticeship and became a newspaper editor in 1849. After
working a year for the newspaper company, Sholes left. He then served in the Wisconsin State
Legislature as a Democrat. Sholes then became a Republican shortly after being hired. In 1867
Sholes left the Legislature. He had an idea. He came up with the plans for the first practical
typewriter. Then in 1868 he ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For 3 years Sholes could not sell his typewriter to anyone. Then in 1873, Sholes licensed the patent
to Remington and Sons. Sholes and Remington and Sons signed a contract to mass produce the first
useful typewriter, the Remington Model 1. People started to buy typewriters because of the famous
brand of Remington and Sons. Later in Sholes's life, he sold most of his interest in the typewriter.
On February 17, 1890, Sholes died after battling a nine year fight with tuberculosis. Today, Sholes is
remembered as "The Father of the Typewriter." (Daniels) The 1867 Typewriter was an amazing
invention that allowed people to print documents and newspapers easily. This invention was
innovative to the people of that time period. The 1867 Typewriter was a very complex machine to
use. It worked like a normal typewriter but it was very bulky in size. It had an alphabetical character
layout. The typist hit a key, which made the lever raise, pushing the bar of the character against the
ink ribbon and on the paper. The ink ribbon got the ink from a ball called the font ball. The font ball
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Weaknesses of the Parti Quebecois' Bill 60
Secularism Long before the October Crisis in the 1970's, the Parti Quebecois has been trying to
separate from Canada. The Parti Quebecois has implemented their own charter called Bill 60 in
order amend the current Canada Charter of Rights and Freedoms which is entrenched in the
Constitution of Canada. If this proposed bill were to be passed, it will cause many problems
amongst the citizens of Quebec in terms of diversity as it will be banning some of the most
important guaranteed rights stated in the Constitution: Freedom of expression and freedom of
religion. Although there are positives to a secular state, there are also a few negatives if you were to
look closely. Citizens moved to places like Canada to practice their freedom, not to have them taken
away. Taking away these rights could start separatist groups and maybe even start wars within the
province of Quebec. The reason why this bill is being proposed it that they Parti Quebecois would
like to see more equality between men and women (cbc.ca). There really is no reason for this bill to
be passed as it shows how weak Quebec is mainly because they are afraid of losing their own
culture. The Quebec government has proposed a secular charter, which has sparked another debate
from local, provincial and federal politicians. If passed, public sector employees such as teachers,
police officers, doctors, and even politicians will be banned from wearing any religious symbol.
Once the bill was proposed, it started a back and

Why Did The Toris Adopt The Reform Act Of 1832
The Tories opposed the Reform Act of 1832 because they didn't want more people being able to
Vote and still wanted to be the dominant party in the House of Lords. The Tories introduced The
Reform Act of 1867 because they wanted the political power that would come with it and to show
that they could lead the country and be able to change and because throughout Britain people
wanted further parliamentary reform.
The Tories were the dominant force in the house of Commons between 1770 and 1830. In 1831 Earl
Grey, the Whigs leader became Prime Minister
The reasons for the Reform Act of 1832 included, until 1832 the right to vote was limited to a small
group of people. The House of Commons was made up of land gentry, successful business men and
professionals.
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wellington tried but members of the Tories didn't want to create a government that had different
views than most people in Britain so William aske Grey to come back and he agreed to add more
Whigs to the House of Lords. The House of Lords passed in Reform Act.
The Tories rejected the Reform Act of 1832 because since they were conservatives they didn't want
change and wanted to keep things the same.
The Reform Act of 1867 was the second time the electoral process would tried to be changed.
During the early 1960s Lord John Russell wanted there to be another electoral reform. Russell's
attempts were stopped by the Prime Minister, Lord Palmerston who was against change of any sort.
Palmerston died in 1865 and Russell came into power, Russell only wanted to give the vote to
respectable but wanted to exclude unskilled workers and the poor.
The Tories as well as the Right– winged liberals led by Lord Derby opposed the Bill. The Right–
winged liberals opposed the bill in fear of this bill leading to democracy in the future, so Derby and
33 other people joined the Tories to defeat the

Quebec 's Five Demands A Reasonable Request?
Akanksha Bhatnagar
Dr. Mark Blythe
POL S 225: Canadian Government
Due: 7 March 2016
Are Quebec's Five Demands a reasonable request?
The relationship between the Canadian government and Quebec has been in constant turmoil for
years. This paper will discuss and critique Quebec's five demands made in 1986 by the Liberal
government and their current implications. Reasonable demands are ones in which a limited amount
of asymmetrical federalism grants provincial sovereignty. Currently all provinces have certain
guaranteed rights, however Quebec's rights provide more autonomy. Quebec, though home to the
largest population of French speaking Canadians, have asked too much of the Government of
Canada. This is evident Quebec's increased control over immigration, Supreme Court Justices
appointment, and their veto on future constitutional negotiations. Conversely, the demand of
recognizing Quebec as a distinct society is however reasonable and has been accommodated into
Canadian society, and the ability to restrict federal spending power keeps the federal power in
check. In this essay, I will discuss each demand, and argue whether or not it is reasonable. The
Royal Proclamation of 1763 was Canada's first attempt at creating a nation. Along with establishing
the constitutional framework for Aboriginal Treaty negotiations, it additionally defined the new
territory of the Province of Quebec. Residents of this province were forbidden from entering the
western territories (Indian

How important was the Second Reform Act (1867) in...
How important was the Second Reform Act (1867) in Disraeli's emergence as Conservatives leader?
This question focuses on the importance of the Second Reform Act in Disraeli's rise to the top of the
Conservative Party and his emergence as the leader. In order to decide on the relative importance of
the Send Reform Act, I will also consider other factors, which impacted on Disraeli's emergence,
including the 1846 split of the Conservative party and the death of George Bentinck, Derby's
ineffective leadership, Palmerston's death in 1865 and Disraeli's determination and political skill.
The split of the Conservative in 1846 due to the repeal of the Corn Laws and the following death of
Bentinck were important factors in allowing Disraeli ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He managed to make this Bill seem radical enough to satisfy the Radicals and other pressure groups,
while allowing some amendments, which appeased the Liberals. This was crucial o passing the bill
since the Conservatives were in a minority. Whilst boosting Disraeli's reputation and showcasing his
political skill, the Second Reform Act also brought Disraeli popularity among his own MP's. This
links to Derby's leadership, because it was after this Act that Derby recommended Disraeli to Queen
Victoria as his successor. Therefore, it was Disraeli's determination and political skill that passed an
act which led to his leadership of the Conservative Party. There is no doubt that Disraeli possessed a
huge amount of political skill and having assessed all of the factors, I think that this was the most
important factor in explaining his emergence as Conservative leader. Despite his disastrous maiden
speech, Disraeli was a fantastic orator, and this skill was paramount in attacking Peel over the repeal
of the Corn Laws and in cementing his leadership. His determination was proven when he showed
his competence and sound grasp of financial matters in his Budgets of 1858 and 1866, overcoming
his heavy defeat with his 1952 Budget. Disraeli showed his political skill and insight in recognizing
the need for the Party to adopt a more progressive and pro–Reform approach, and he worked hard to
convince the backbench members of his party to drop

The Reform Act Of 1867
Considerable progress was made in the European states toward liberal practices as constitutions and
parliaments, but the concept of mass reality became a reality. In the western European states,
parliamentary government was permanently rooted in these areas. As Britain and France
experienced the expansion for the right to vote, in Italy and Spain liberal reforms provided to be the
means of success. Reform in Great Britain took part because of their two functioning two–party
parliamentary system and the growth of political democracy. The right to vote was brought to light
by the Reform Act of 1867, however William Gladstone further extended this right with the Reform
Act of 1884. This reform act allowed males who paid regular taxes and rent, by enfranchising
agricultural workers. Even though women were still denied the right to vote, the passage of the
Redistribution Act eliminated historic boroughs and countries and established constituencies that
contained one member for the House of Commons and have equal population proportions. As the
reform's became Great Britain's way of life, this was not the case for Ireland, in which gradual
reform failed to solve their problems.
Not quite like the political trends noticed in Great Britain, France had formed an independent
republic government in Paris, known as the Commune. Not only did the General Assembly crush the
Commune, but also women's roles were changed. Instead of women looking out for wounded
soldiers or caring for them,

A Brief Note On The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Proper housing is crucial to a human being's wellbeing, both mentally and physically. It is
fundamental in ensuring good mental health, physical health, and it sets the basis for social inclusion
in society. Housing is necessary for human beings to be able to survive and be able to protect
themselves from the elements. It is recognized as a basic human need alongside food and water;
thus, it is surprising that an estimated minimum of 235,000 people in a developed country like
Canada remain homeless and an estimated one in five people cannot afford housing (Heffernan,
Tracy; Faraday, Fay; and Rosenthal, Peter, 2015). Statistics such as these beg the question of
whether or not the right to housing or the right to affordable housing is recognized in Canada. The
answer to this question is quite complicated as there is no clear right in the Canadian Charter of
Rights and Freedoms that recognizes a specific right to housing or shelter, however, under section 7
and section 15 of the charter which state that "Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of
the person and the right not to be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of
fundamental justice" and "Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the
equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination and, in particular, without
discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age or mental or
physical disability(Canadian

Aspects Of An Act For The Gradual Civilization Of Indian...
Final Exam 2015
Question 1
Aspects of An Act to Encourage the Gradual Civilization of Indian Tribes in this Province, and to
amend the Laws Relating to Indians, 1857 include:
– Applied equally to Upper and Lower Canada;
– Referred to as the Gradual Civilization Act, this statute was the first to introduce the concept of
enfranchisement – the process by which Indian people lost their Indian status and became full
British subjects;
– Intent was to remove all legal distinctions between Indians and non–Indians.
– Only Indian men could seek enfranchisement: 1) had to be over the age of 21 2) Able to read and
write in either English or French 3) Free of debt
4) Of good moral character as determined by a commission of non–Aboriginal ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
 Indian women were excluded from voting for band chiefs and councils
 prohibited the sale of alcohol
 Instituted compulsory enfranchisement by stating Indian women who married non–Aboriginal
men automatically lost their Indian status, and any children resulting from the marriage would also
be denied Indian status.
As with all of the Acts discussed so far, these points were subject to confirmation by the
government. This is another example of attempts to eradicate Indian people and their culture and to
assimilate into a "civilized" world. It was the goal of the government that this Act would speed up
assimilation by eliminating tribal systems. These Acts were designed to break down tribal forms of
government on the grounds they were irresponsible.
The purpose of the Indian Act, 1876 was to consolidate earlier Acts into one piece of legislation that
provided a national framework. This was to assist in the assimilation and civilization of Indians
across Canada. The Act provided government with the power to impose an elected band council
system and establish rules respecting the operation of

Essay about Native Sovereignty
July 11th 1990, marked the beginning date of the Oka Crisis in Quebec Canada. It lasted until
September 26th 1990 resulting in one fatality of a local police officer. The violent clash was
triggered by something as simple as a golf course extension and as complicated as native burial
traditions. It had drawn world attention, catapulting native land rights into the mix. The Oka Crisis
is just one of many conflicts between the Aboriginals and the Canadian government. A major issue
that has been of much debate in the 20th century has been Native sovereignty. The demand sounds
simple, allow Aboriginals of Canada to govern themselves; however, coexisting with the Canadian
government makes this idea extremely complicated. Roger Townshend states ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Townshend describes how Aboriginals view the Canadian government as a foreign government.
Furthermore, Townshend disputes the process of assimilation, integrating Aboriginals to the modern
Canadian society. The solution is to create a third tier government that would work in cohesion with
the Federal and Provincial levels. Different levels of government and the "...sharing of jurisdictional
powers between government institutions is already part of the essence of the Canadian state,"
(Townshend 39). If Canada is able to increase globalization and trade agreements on an international
level, than Canada should not be so unwilling to share jurisdiction with an Aboriginal government.
Thomas Flanagan disapproves the idea of Native sovereignty ever coexisting with Canadian
sovereignty. Flanagan identifies the flaws in Townshend's arguments referring to them as a
theoretical approach and not a practical approach. It is true that the sharing of jurisdictional power is
the essence of the Canadian state but this cannot apply to the Aboriginals of Canada. One reason a
third level of government cannot work in Canada is "In the 10 provinces, Canada has over six
hundred Indian bands living on more than 2200 reserves, plus hundreds of thousands of Métis and
non–status Indians who do not possess reserves," (Flanagan 44). Flanagan draws the fact that "No
one has proposed a workable mechanism by which this far–flung archipelago could

British North America Act 1867: Important In Canadian History
British North America Act 1867
This act occurred on July 1st, 1867 the law The British North America Act is important in Canadian
history because it is the 1867 Act which officially created the new country of Canada by joining
together the four provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia legal in
Confederation. This legislation, passed by the British Parliament, created Canada as a new making it
its own today. Therefore Canada is an independent country that must not listen to anyone but
themselves. The statue of West Minister 1931
The statue of West Minister was a law that was created on December 11th, 1931 in Britain which
clarified the parliament powers in Canada. It was a British law which clarified the powers of ...
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The United Nations do multiple things such as following the devastation of the Second World War,
with one central mission: the maintenance of international peace and security. The UN does this by
working to prevent conflict; helping parties in conflict make peace; peacekeeping; and creating the
conditions to allow peace to hold and flourish. These activities often overlap and should reinforce
one another, to be effective. The term "human rights" was mentioned seven times in the UN's
founding Charter, making the promotion and protection of human rights a key purpose and guiding
principle of the Organization. In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights brought human
rights into the realm of international law. Since then, the Organization has diligently protected
human rights through legal instruments and on–the–ground activities. The united nations are a great
group of people who are looking out for us ever since Canada has joined this group they have been
able to make an impact such as. Today, Canada continues to uphold the UN by actively participating
in the organization's activities and providing financial support. Canada consistently brings pragmatic
ideas and solutions to the table, from peacekeeping proposals in the 1950s, to creating the
International Criminal Court and banning landmines in the 1990s. Today, some of their current goals
are to assist war–affected children, or to improve the UN's management and

Tenure Of Office Act Pros And Cons
The Tenure of Office Act was passed on March 2 1867. It guaranteed that all federal officials whose
position required Senate approval could not be removed with the consent of the Senate. The Act did
allow the President to suspend an official, and if the Senate refused to agree in the removal, the
official would have been returned in their position. "President Andrew Johnson decided to replace
Edwin Stanton, which was appointed by President Lincoln, with a new secretary of war. Mr. Stanton
had become progressively more at odds with President Andrew Johnson and his cabinet, and had
been conspiring with Radical Republicans in Congress." (THE TENURE OF OFFICE ACT OF
1867) "Congress met in 1868 and refused to agree in the removal of Edwin Stanton by vote.
However, President Andrew Johnson refused to accept the Senate's decision. He believed The
Tenure of Office Act was unconstitutional. Hopeful in gaining judicial review of the Act's
constitutionality, President Johnson appointed General Lorenzo Thomas, General of the Army, to the
post of secretary of war. Shortly thereafter, impeachment proceedings began." (THE TENURE OF
OFFICE ACT OF 1867) "It was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the wording of The Tenure of Office Act, it states that " That every person holding any civil office
to which he has been appointed by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and every person
who shall hereafter be appointed to any such office, and shall become duly qualified to act therein,
is, and shall been titled to hold such office until a successor shall have been in like manner
appointed and duly qualified, except as herein otherwise provided: That the Secretaries of State, of
the Treasury, of War, of the Navy, and of the Interior, the Postmaster–General, and the Attorney–
General, shall hold their office respectively for and during the term of the President by whom they
may have been appointed and for one month thereafter, subject to removal by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate." (Civil War

The Indian Act Was Enacted In 1867 By Parliament Of Canada
The Indian Act was enacted in 1867 by the Parliament of Canada. The Department of Aboriginal
Affairs and Northern Development administered the act. The act defines who an "Indian" is and the
legal rights of the Aboriginal people in Canada. Regulation of the economic system between
aboriginal people and the government of Canada is included in the Indian Act. It also includes the
power the ministers have on the aboriginal people including children and disabled Aboriginals. If
the laws are not obeyed, the punishment is written in the act. The Indian Act was influenced by the
legislative foundation of the Royal Proclamation, 1763, which recognized Aboriginals as a distinct
political unit (Residential schools). The Royal Proclamation, 1763, thought that it was their duty to
protect the Aboriginal people from the Canadian society. The Royal Proclamation, 1763, had the
responsibility for Aboriginal affairs in Canada with British imperial authorities. However, by the
mid–1800s Britain began to transfer this responsibility to Canadian colonies. Then the Canadian
authorities passed the First Indian Act. Over the years many amendments have been made to the
Indian Act.The Indian act passed out a law that any children under the ages of 16 had to study at
Residential schools (Residential schools), the children there were physically abused, especially girls.
(Churchill, 55–56). The Indian act is significant today because on June, 11 2008, Prime Minister
Stephen Harper, on behalf of the

What Is Radical Reconstruction Radical
Radical Reconstruction was seen as radical. This was because of how big of an extent people apart
of Radical Reconstruction were trying to transform the South. Congress passed the Reconstruction
Acts of 1867–68, the Second Reconstruction Act, and these acts were seen as controlling since the
North almost had utter control of policy–making within Congress. However, Radical Reconstruction
was also seen as not radical. This was due to people apart of Radical Reconstruction as seen to be
trying to institute order in the South. People started to view Radical Reconstruction this way after
the Memphis and New Orleans Riots of 1866. Radical Reconstruction was radical due to the North
taking advantage of their power and making an attempt in completely changing the South. One act
congress established in order to change the South was the Reconstruction Acts of 1867–68. This act
enforced military government and rule within the South excluding Tennessee. This demanded
universal manhood suffrage. There were 10 abiding states and these states were separated into 5
military districts. About 20,000 military troops forced the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
After the Memphis and New Orleans Riots of 1866 people's perspectives about radical
reconstruction changed. The Memphis riots occured because of political, social, and racial strains
following the Civil War. After a falling–out with black soldiers and white policemen, crowds of
white civilians and policeman raided black neighborhoods and attacked and killed black men,
women, and children. This Memphis Riot also brought attention to the New Orleans Riot and
brought awareness that Radical Republicans were needed to bring upon peace and protect freedmen
in the South as well as protect their rights. This opened people's eyes that Radical Reconstruction
was to keep the South in check and prevent chaotic riots and violence due to white southerners
disagreement of the new freedmen's and blacks

Canada A Civic Nation
Since confederation, Canada has been a nation that is completely different to the rest of the world.
Citizens embrace different cultures, religions and ethnicities as their own. When a civic nation is
born there are always going to be discrepancies; not everyone is united under one idea. Therefore,
loyalties begin to contend with each other which has resulted in the Canada we live in today.
Separatists are amongst the majority. Quebec, The Maritimes, Cascadia, The West, all want to be
independent from the government run within Ontario. As citizens we must ask ourselves, if the
confederation in 1867 was offered to us today, would we accept?
Identity is a complex topic for Canadians. How can we define ourselves as a nation if individually
we are all different? The country of Canada became united under one flag and one anthem in 1867.
Today, separatists like Douglas Christie and Tom Best have a hard time connected with the anthem,
our countries means of unity. In the documentary 'Disunited Sates of Canada' Douglas Christie
speaks to the comparison of the 'Star Spangled Banner' to 'O Canada.' He says that when he hears
American's sing there anthem he feels passion behind it and it leaves goosebumps under his skin.
Yet, when he sings or hears the Canadian anthem he does not feel confident in his nation. This
statement touches on an emotion felt by many Canadian citizens today, including myself. ... Show
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Alberta's economy began to grow along with the progression of the oil and gas industry. For western
separatists this was also a relief. Harper gave the west a chance to become politically equal with the
east. In 2015, power switched from PC to Liberal. This has allowed for a rebirth of separation in the

The Slavery Of The Nineteenth Century Essay
When people today consider the lives of the slaves of the nineteenth century it is likely that their
thoughts would be focused on stereotypical southern plantation slaves. This picture is not all
encompassing, however. Slave experiences differed across the south as well as between the north
and south and produced a variety of different experiences. Sojourner Truth was born with the name
Isabella Baumfree as a slave in upper New York. Truth was sold between a variety of masters,
separated from her husband, and eventually escapes slavery in 1826 shortly before New York
emancipated all of its slaves. After spending several years of taking care of her family, Truth began
to speak as an advocate for abolition and women's rights at conferences and events. Her speech
When Woman Gets Her Rights Man Will Be Right was delivered at the annual meeting of the
American Equal Rights Association in New York in 1867. By this time, even the slaves of the south
have been effectively emancipated and the formerly enslaved have begun to search for equal rights
beyond their basic freedom. Her audience is presumably thirsting for further progress so her speech
serves to address her hopes for what is to come and for whom. She tells those in attendance of how
she is not done battling for equal rights in the wake of emancipation. The issues she highlights are
wage inequality and universal suffrage, which she puts into the broader context of the ultimate
advantages of giving women the rights that they

The Compact Theory And Its Impact On The Federal And...
The Compact Theory, which mostly designed by Québec Nationalist, indeed, has been the impact on
the federal and provincial relations. Prior to 1867 constitutions, there was not a central or federal
government; it was only English and French speaking people in Canada. In other word, the 1867
was basically an agreement between English and French people in Canada. Provincial rights and
federal–provincial relations has also many conflicts which began very early after the 1867
Constitutions. The provincial rights and provincial independents are few conflicts between the
provinces and the federal government; Québec in particular plays a role, because it's a homeland of
francophone, and delivers the most impact on the relationship between Canada ... Show more
This is a country of different nations and each nation allowed a different territory. Under the BNA
Act those expansive matters fittingly treated nationally, like defence and post office, were under the
federal government, while controls over property, local issues, districts, and most private law
matters went to the provinces. The setting of the constitution was a hierarchy system from the
colonial office to provincial legislatures . The compact theory lets us believe, that the provincial
legislature were the privilege voice and the means of the expression of the people of those
provinces. The federal government does not represent a voice of Ontarian or people of Québec.
Most Canadian, believe that provinces represent more closely the interest of each their own people
than the federal government does.
The founder of BNAAct created two levels of governments out of political expediency, as a
political convenience. They could not have two countries, but rather, they could have two levels of
government instead. The problem is that by creating two levels of government, the British did not
realize that they are going to give an objective, tangible structure that can be the base of compact
theory. After Confederation, Québec premiers Honoré Mercier and Oliver Mowat allied to "built the
strongest record of provincial rights advocacy" . Both premiers advocated for "compact theory"
which compared the BNAAct to a settlement that could be changed only by the unanimous assent

Summary : ' Maher Arar '
Introduction
On 26 September 2002, Maher Arar, a Canadian citizen who born in Syria, was arrested at John F.
Kennedy International Airport while he was waiting for his flight . Mr. Arar was held in solitary
confinement without any charges by United States authorities for two weeks without having access
to a lawyer. The United States government suspected him of being a member of Al–Qaeda and
deported him back directly not to Canada, but to his country of birth Syria, where he was tortured .
Arar was held in Syria for nearly a year, and during that time he was tortured, until he returns back
to Canada. The Syrian government later admitted that Arar was not involved in any terrorist activity
and he was "completely innocent ". The RMCP has admitted that it worked with the CIA during the
Maher Arar affair. Ottawa authorities had demanded, keeping a lid on the fact that Canada was
working with the CIA on the issue, arguing such affirmation would conflict with national security.
There was no such remorse over referring to help with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, however
the government chose the CIA, a surreptitious spy organization, merited more prominent assurance
in view of its distinctive tenets of engagement .
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) gave person information and a database from
previously stated terrorism investigation to the American authorities that did not comply with their
policies and procedures. The RCMP also provided false information to the

The Government of Canada and Multiculturalism Essay examples
"Multiculturalism" entered public speech in the late 1960s and early 1970s in Canada that focused
on unique cultural diversity, nationalities, and ethnicity across the nation. Multiculturalism and
Immigration are important factors in the development of Canada to attain a strong multicultural
example of economic stability, social and political growth which leads to the emergence of Canada's
identity and culture.
The artefact design indicates the deep understanding of Canadian Multiculturalism which helps to
shape the nation. Many immigrants from different countries around the world bring their values,
traditions, religious and cultural beliefs, clothes, food, entertainment and their knowledge.
Multiculturalism benefits Canada's society and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the 1950s, the federal government made the decision that cultural diversity is essential to the
success of Canadian society. Also based on Multiculturalism was the introduction of the
Immigration Act of 1976, which brought about huge significant changes to the immigration policy
and how it would operate in Canada. The Act called for consultation with provinces on the planning
and management of immigration and allowed for refugees to be considered a distinct group to be
selected and admitted from immigrants (Citizenship & Immigration Canada). All Canadians are
equal before the law and have equality opportunity regardless their origins. "Canada's laws and
policies recognize Canada's diversity by race, cultural heritage, ethnicity, religion, ancestry and
place of origin and guarantees to all men and women complete freedom of conscience, of thought,
belief, opinion expression, association and peaceful assembly. All of these rights, our freedom and
our dignity, are guaranteed through our Canadian citizenship, our Canadian Constitution, and our
Charter of Rights and Freedoms". In 1977, in the province of Quebec, French was declared, by the
Federal government, followed by English to be used in all their official language provincial
government, businesses, schools, hospitals, courts, restaurants, and other public places. The majority
of Quebec's

The British North America Act Of 1867
The British North America Act of 1867 and the subsequent Indian Act of 1876 gave the Canadian
government, under prime minster John A. Macdonald, full control over the nation's Aboriginal
people. The government used this power to establish boarding schools for Aboriginal children. An
estimated 144 residential schools operated at different times between the late 1800s and 1996
throughout Canada. These schools were established with the purpose to enhance assimilation of
Aboriginal children into the Canadian culture of British and French heritage. However, despite these
misguided government attempts lasting more than a century, the Aboriginal culture and civilization
could not be eradicated, and the residential school system as originally conceived proved to be a
failure.
Residential schools were religious custodial schools established after 1880 by the Canadian
government in partnership with churches. Through next half–century, a system of residential schools
stretching across country developed. The Roman Catholic church ran 3/5 of residential schools, the
Anglican church ¼, and the United and Presbyterian churches controlled the rest. Under the BNA
Act and Indian Acts, the government was responsible for providing Aboriginals with an education as
well as integrating them into Canadian society. Aboriginal leaders also wanted Euro–Canadian
schooling for their children so they could acquire the skills of the society in order to help them
transition into a world led by

The Rights Of Aboriginal People In Canada
The acts regarding Aboriginal peoples is a third important aspect of the major terms and conditions
set in the constitution act (1867). Throughout the years, Canada has faced many issues regarding the
rights of Aboriginal People. "As colonization spread across North America, native peoples often
found themselves unwelcome in habitats of their own lands, and Europeans used a combination of
force and peaceful means (eg. treaties) to re–settle natives in reserved areas of land." (McCormack
& Bueckert, 2013). The harsh treatment directed towards the aboriginal people made their lives very
difficult. It's hard to imagine why the people who were in Canada before colonies started to form
would be kicked out of their own land. After many years of this

Marsden's Analysis
Women now grow up in a community where their choices can be made by themselves. Women no
longer have to seek their father's or husband input. Still to this day we are treated in certain
circumstances as inferior to the male population (Marsden, 2012). Beside this women have come so
far because they no longer have no control over their choices, their choices are in their own hand
and they are able to do what they wish (Marsden, 2012). For example in class we have talked about
the electoral system (Heritz, 2016b). For the longest time only British born men 21 and over were
eligible to vote (Heritz, 2016b). Women fought peacefully to get their right to vote so that they could
have a say. This relates to Marsden's novel because she discusses ... Show more content on
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The constitution act is a documents that implement the current rights and freedoms for society. The
constitution act from 1867 to 1982 ended up being completely different acts since society evolved so
much the constitution act had to evolve with it (Marsden, 2012). If one were to look at the
constitution act now in the 21st century and compare the differences from the first constitution act in
1867 several people would not believe that the act had changed that much over 150 years. The 1982
Canadian Charter of Human Right and Freedoms is considered to fall under the new and improved
constitution act of

Howard University Book Report
"Washington... was a 'promised land' to many a freeman... it was the capital of the nation– that is, of
the North that had set them free."
–Walter Dyson, A.M.
History
Founding of Howard University
On November 19, 1866, a number of members of the First Congregational missionary society met to
hear Dr. Charles B Boynton, presiding minister, emphasize the special obligation of the nation and
clergy to the recently emancipated freedmen. Reverend Benjamin F. Morris, a member of the
society, then enthusiastically spoke about a visit to Wayland Seminary. During this visit he was
impressed by the accomplishments that a teacher with poor equipment was able to make with half a
dozen young colored men. By the end of the meeting, Morris then proposed the ... Show more
Alpha Phi Alpha was the first Greek–lettered fraternity for men, chartered in 1907, (State Purpose
here). The following year, Alpha Kappa Alpha was the first Greek–lettered sorority for women, both
founded and chartered at Howard University, (State Purpose here). The University also strongly
advocated for Health and Athletics, the Howard University Record, in multiple issues, points out the
fields and pathways available for student activities (Howard University, 1907, Howard University,
1911, Howard University, 1920). The 1911 volume of the Howard University Report notes the
offering of the following competitive sports: Football, Basketball, Baseball, Cricket, Tennis, and
Track and Field (Howard University,

Research Paper On Cowtown
Cowtown
After the Civil War had shortage of beef. Texas cattle man looked for the nearest rail heads. From
1866 to 1885 hundreds of thousands of Texas longhorns were driven annually to shipping points in
Kansas. Kansas– Abilene, Ellsworth, Wichita, Dodge City, and Caldwell got the major portion of the
booming cattle trade.
Baxter Springs, Newton, Hunnewell, Great Bend, Hays, and Junction City got periods of brief
success. Chisholm Trail was a major trail for Kansas cowtowns. After years being 200 to 400 yards
wide and as bare as city street. Quarantine laws emerged as the principal kansas cowtowns.
From 1875 to 1885 Texas cattle followed the cut off on the Chisholm Trail or the Western Trail to
the "Cowboy Capital". Texas cattle drives

U.s. Congressional Reconstruction Era
The Reconstruction Era In 1865, the city was devastated because of the crisis that left the civil war.
Therefore, political, economic and social issues needed to be resolved to improve and reconstruct
the Nation. It was the period in which the State and local governments in the South were restored,
and the Southern states were unified to the rest of the States. This essay emphasizes the differences
between congressional and presidential reconstruction. Also, it highlights the achievements and
success of both. Although the presidential and congressional Reconstruction has some similarities,
they also disagreed on many points and created a conflict between each other. Nevertheless by early
1867, the new Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867 over President Johnson's veto. The
Congressional Reconstruction Plan dramatically changed politics in the South. The reconstruction
was a process of reformation that affected the whole nation. There were three main Reconstruction
plans. Two were presidential "The Lincoln and Johnson's Plan. Meanwhile, one was Congressional.
Lincoln started a Reconstruction plan during the Civil War. To summarize, he implemented before
his death, the Emancipation Proclamation, the 10% Plan and he tried to extend suffrage. But his Plan
failed. The only thing that remained of his plan was to create the Freedmen's Bureau, established in
March 1865, to assist the newly freed slaves in transitioning to a life of slavery and a life of
freedom. After

Explain How Far Was Lord Dishili The Architect Of The 1867...
How far was Disraeli the Architect of the second reform act of 1867? It can be argued that Disraeli
was the architect of reform during the late 1860's and through 1867 reform act, mainly due to the
fact that he realised that the conservative party might be seen as non–reforming. To counter this he
would expand the franchise and gain potential new voters. However there is also significant
evidence that Lord Derby was the main architect of reform, mostly due to the fact that he had been
part of the 1832 reform bill and when he returned to power in 1866 he took the lead in presenting
the conservative reform bill. One reason, which shows that Disraeli was the Architect of the Second
Reform Bill 1867, is that Disraeli wanted to consolidate his ... Show more content on
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Source 7 is from a letter written by Lord Derby to Disraeli saying that the conservatives have to
'deal with the question of reform'. It also says that Derby is not 'in favour of resisting reform... there
is a genuine demand', this shows that Derby was supporting reform as he saw the national push and
demand for reform which he believed could strengthen the Tory party. The letter came after pressure
for reform increased after attempts by liberals to deal with the issue in 1866, however Disraeli was
reluctant to deal with it. Due to Disraeli being reluctant to deal with the pressure for reform, it shows
that he was not as supportive of reform as Derby, thus it could be said that Derby was the main
architect of reform. Source 8 also supports the idea that Derby was the main architect of reform. It
explains that when Derby and Disraeli returned to power in 1866, 'it was Derby who took the lead in
proposing a conservative reform bill'. Derby had previously helped to draft the 1832 reform bill 34
years earlier and he steered the 1867 measure through the Lords and held the conservative party in
unity with his one aim to place the Tory party permanently in power. He was to do this by expanding
the franchise to gain new voters because they would be seen as the reforming party whilst using the
most conservative measure

The Confederation Act of 1867 Essay
The Confederation act of 1867 without question has had a major influence on the status of
contemporary Canada. It has helped shape Canada into one of the worlds most politically and
economically powerful countries; a country that is strong, independent, and united. There was a
series of events which led to the confederation of Canada, some which are more significant than
others. However, I believe that despite the significance of events such as the British encouragement
of uniting its North American colonies, the central and key reason for confederation was the fear of
potential American (Yankee) inhabitance (whether by persuasion or invasion) of the divided and
vast British North American colonies, and the way that the "Fathers of ... Show more content on
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John A. Macdonald, the prime minister of Canada at the time, had seen first hand the effect of
divided colonies and the devastating impact that it could have on a nation. However, there was a
serious and impending threat against the colonies of Canada from the northern United States, not
only because of the British support of the southern states during the war, but also because of three
specific events: The St. Albans Raid, the Trent Crisis, and the Alabama Affair. The St. Albans raid
involved a group of confederate agents who robbed over two hundred thousand dollars (a significant
amount of money in the 1800's) from three banks in St. Albans, Vermont. These raiders fled to
Canada, and although they were caught and the money was returned, they were not persecuted
because they could not be trialed in Canada when the crime had been committed in the United
States. President Lincoln prevented the northerners from pursuing the raiders into Canada to murder
them, as this could have potentially resulted in a war, which would in turn benefit the southern
states. The Trent affair once again raised tensions, when two Confederate diplomats were arrested in
Boston while transferring a mail packet Trent to England. This greatly angered London, as they sent
many troops as reinforcements to protect their colonies, eventually the diplomats were released and
tensions eased once

Assess the significance of popular pressure in bringing...
Assess the significance of popular pressure in bringing about improved representation and greater
democracy in Britain in the period 1830–1931 The period of 1830–1931 saw gradual yet largely
significant governmental reforms which led to an extension of the franchise from 500,000 to around
21 million. Prior to 1832, Britain's franchise composed of a selective elite of the landowning class,
however the 1832 reform act, although a disappointment in the extent of what it achieved, paved the
way for further reform as it brought people together in rebellion (the Bristol Riots). This proved that
popular pressure had the potential to be very successful in orchestrating parliamentary reform. The
influence of pressure from outside parliament was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Whether a revolution was possible is questionable amongst historians, however as Eric Evans wrote,
'What mattered was that enough MPs and Peers believed that it was, and acted accordingly.'2 It
could also be said that unwittingly the government had evoked an atmosphere of popular pressure in
Britain as everyone had seen how easily they had surrendered to the rebels' demands. Despite the
bill's limitations, the rioters had after all successfully achieved the first piece of legislation which
was an incentive for future pressure from outside Parliament, hence quickening the process of
improving representation and democracy in Britain. The Hyde Park riots of 1866 were another
example of working–class radicalism in protest for reform. Similarly to the Bristol Riots, the rebels
were destructive by force and although there was said to be 'more mischief than malice', a policeman
was killed. Both the Bristol and Hyde Park riots were successful as they were each followed by a
reform the next year. I believe that the main reason for the Hyde Park riots' victory was the
unification of the National Reform Union and the Reform League, two distinctively divided (in
class) bodies. This demonstrated that people of different classes and backgrounds were able to unify
in common aims in ways which the political parties could not. Furthermore, this alliance could be
seen as a step towards democratic reform as it began to

The Celebrated Jumping Frog Of Calavers County Analysis
I have picked "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain because it's
talking about the bet and also because at the end of the discussion forum unit 5, my classmate
(Ghobry_Raafat) says:" I liked this story so much it has a life lesson that never depends on gambling
to fulfill your dream, but hard work." (Ghobry, (2017), p,n). It's the story of a man who was
traveling and was supposed to obey to his friend request (who wrote me from the East) by doing a
favor for him while he is traveling, to ask about his friend's friend called Leonidas W. Smiley.
During his trip, he found Simon Wheeler in the ancient mining camp of Angel's and told him his
friend had commissioned him to make some inquiries about a companion named Leonidas W.
Smiley. And then he asked him to tell him what he knew of Rev. Leonidas W. Smiley, he replied by
the other thing, a story of Jim Smiley, who was the most curious man about always betting on
anything, particularly on the animal's fight. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During one bet with his Frog, he says to a feller (a stranger ), "Anyways, I've got my opinion, and
I'll risk forty dollars that he can outjump any frog in Calaveras County" (Twain, (1867), p.

Essay on Equality and Justice for All in Canada
Today, Canada is known around the world as a cultural mosaic. As a nation it welcomes people of
both sexes with all different beliefs, cultures, and religions. Creating a mature nation would require
promoting equality of opportunity to all and giving help to those who were disadvantaged. However,
Canada has not always been a welcoming and mature nation. In the past, women were not allowed
to vote alongside men or run for political positions, due to the fact that they were not considered
"persons". As well, Aboriginal children were stipped from their homes, families, and identities so
that they could assimilate all First Nations people. During the last century, women have gained more
political rights, gained more respect from society, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
31 year old Agnes Macphail, became the first women elected into the House of Commons
(Milestones for Canadian Women in Politics). In 1921, during her campaign she said "I want for
myself what I want for other women, absolute equality." (Milestones for Canadian Women in
Politics) She was a monumental figure for all Canadian women to realize that had the same say as
men do and can be leaders if they desire to do so.
Women being able to vote was a huge step forward for Canadian women, but even though they
could run for certain political positions, they could not be Senators. During the early twentieth
century women were not legally considered "persons" and could not be Senators (Women become
Persons). This act of exclusion portrayed Canada as an immature nation. A milestone with
significant importance occurred in the Persons Case. The first constitution of Canada was the BNA
Act (British North America Act). In this constitution it referred to a group of people as "persons" but
when one individual was referenced they used the word 'he". The constitution restricted women
from holding public office. (History Canadian resources book) The act declared that "women are
persons in matters of pain and penalties, but are not persons in matters of rights and privileges."
Therefore, women could be given the same penalties as men for breaking a law, but could not
receive the same basic benefits that men could. Unfair legalities like this proves that Canada was

What Factors Contributed To The Civil War
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Strengthening U.S. Foreign Power and Influence
The Union defeat of the Confederacy resulted in a strengthened U.S. government, which led to the
defeat of the French in Mexico, the confederation of Canada in 1867, and the purchase of the
Alaskan territory.
After the fall of the Confederacy, U.S. leaders were able to deploy troops to the Texas–Mexico
border to help resist the French intervention in Mexico. This pressure, combined with Mexican
resentment, led to the French Emperor Napoleon II to abandon his quest for Mexico.
Meanwhile in the North, Canadian politicians feared a resurgence of the U.S., and some U.S.
politicians called for the annexation of the British North American territory. This led the Canadians
to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
government – whether it would be just a confederation of separate states or one nation with a
national government, and whether a nation that stated all men were created equal with a right to
liberty would continue to allow the practice of owning slaves.
The Civil War was the result of basic differences between the free and slave states. After Abraham
Lincoln was elected President in 1860, vowing to keep slavery out of the territories, seven states
from the South seceded from the Union and established their own nation. Lincoln and most of the
people from the North refused to recognize this new nation as being separate from the U.S.
The war was triggered at Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina, when the Confederate Army
claimed this U.S. fort as their own on April 12, 1861. They forced the federal troops there to lower
the American flag and surrender. President Lincoln sent U.S. forces there to try to suppress the
Confederates. An additional four states seceded to join the Confederacy. By the end of 1861, several
battles had already been fought in Virginia, Missouri, North Carolina and South Carolina and nearly
one million men confronted one another along 1200 miles from Virginia to

Canadian Confederation Research Paper
Canadian Confederation In 1867
I picked up Confederation as a topic from the book I studied in class since I really enjoyed talking
about the beginning of Canadian history, and it was very interesting for me to search about. In this
paper, I shall state about Canadian confederation with some information from the discussion in class
and the Internet. Basically, how Canada became a country is because the British government
allowed Canada to be an autonomous nation. The trigger of the Canadian foundation was the British
War in 1812. In order to combat the United States which aimed at consolidation of Canada, it was a
step to independence that the British parliament decided Canada as the Canadian Commonwealth of
Britain at that time on July 1, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to professor Brian Mcneill, people started using two languages when Sir John Alexander
Macdonald became the first prime minister of Canada. More specifically, it was believed people
used to think that people who spoke English could not make any good relationships between them
and people who spoke French, however, Mr. Macdonald proved that people who were from
English–speaking countries could get along well with people who were from French–speaking
countries by showing citizens the actual great connections between Mr. Macdonald and his friend
from France. This is the reason why Canadian citizens agreed with the idea that British colony
Canada be together with French–speaking territory Quebec as one nation, and then Canada became
English–French–mixed country. From this story, this is very clear to understand how important the
Canadian Confederation is on the Canadian

Marx Vs Adam Smith
When we discuss the theory about Marx, we firstly need to differentiate his theory from other
subsequent communism or marxism theorists like Vladimir Lenin, the best approach is to review his
ideology in the aspects of politics and economics. We should not judge with the benefit of the
hindsight, neglecting the era of his times. If we want to understand his ideology about politics,
economics nexus and comprehend what he peddled in the mainstream view, we need to firstly
canvass the economics view, from the most fundamental principle and then follows the politics
view. Since Marx did not formed a systematic philosophy, we emphasis on the framework and
interrelationship of politics and economics. From the publish order of works, it can be speculated
that the Marx developed his economic thoughts before the political thoughts. However, his political
thoughts, have a strong ideology, as mechanism to achieve his political thoughts. It might be not true
in the works ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Marx's labor value theory, origins in Adam Smith's the wealth of nations; labor create value in the
point of view of, and thought that labor create wealth and are allocated between the different classes,
in the forms of wages, profit and rent (Marx 1867: 127–131; Smith ). Marx and Adam Smith are the
same at this point. Their divergences were mainly in the deductive way. Herein, Smith discussed the
distribution of wealth, he began to discuss quantitatively and accurately the relationship between the
various elements in the production process (.Marx, on the other hand, has qualitatively discussed
whether it is reasonable to allocate wealth so as to find "surplus value" (Marx 1867: The elaboration
of marxist economics on economy is not focused on economy, but more is based on the discovery of
surplus value, and proves the rationality of socialism economically (Marx 1867:

Radical Reconstruction Pros And Cons
The four–year–long Civil War left the United States in a tattered state with 680,000 to 700,000
Americans dead– not including civilians (Anderson 6). This number is greater than the number of
American deaths of World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War combined
(Anderson 6). Furthermore, because the South had lost the Civil War to the North, it now had to
change its state governments and laws. The American government struggled to repair the nation
ineffectively through Presidential Reconstruction. Once the Presidential Reconstruction Era came to
an end, Radical Reconstruction began (history.com). The Reconstruction Era was a progressive
period after the Civil War that restored the United States by integrating African Americans into
society. While the Freedmen's Bureau helped ease African Americans into society, Radical
Reconstruction worked for racial equality for African Americans.
One period of time that countered some of the advantages of the Reconstruction Era was
Presidential Reconstruction. Presidential Reconstruction occurred from 1865–1867 under the
administration of Andrew Johnson (ushistory.org). However, Johnson was relatively lenient during
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Radical Reconstruction occurred from 1865–1867 (history.com). In 1870, Hiram R. Revels became
the first U.S. African American senator as a Missouri senator (Egerton 279). Furthermore, African
Americans made up the majority of Republicans in the South (Foner). Because of this, the number
of African American politicians increased. And by the 1872 elections, fifteen percent of political
offices were held by African Americans (Egerton 11). Although fifteen percent may seem small, it
gave African Americans a louder voice in government. This voice increased even more once the
Military Reconstruction Acts of 1867 were passed which led to Southern states changing their old
laws and

Role Of Senate In Canada
Senate of Canada: Role and Significance
To begin with, the legislative branch of government in Canada is Parliament, which is bicameral and
consists of the House of Commons and the Senate. The House of Commons is made up of 338
members of Parliament that represent different constituencies which vote in Canada's federal
elections (Courtney, 2015). More importantly, the electoral system in which members of parliament
are elected is called first past the post system and the candidate with the most votes wins the
elections with plurality voting (Cross, 2010, p. 130). On the other hand, the second chamber of
Canada's Parliament is the appointed Senate. The Senate is regarded as the chamber of "sober
second thought" as the Senate reviews legislation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, Senators must be at least 30 years of age and must own $4000 of property and reside in the
province which they represent (BNAAct, 1867, IV. 23). More importantly, Senators maintain their
position in the Senate as their "independence is protected by tenure until the age of 75 (Library of
Parliament, 2002, p. 12). In terms of the roles, the Senate serves as the "watchdog" in Parliament as
Senators participate in debates in the chamber, scrutinize government estimates and legislation as
well as investigating issues and policy matters in committees (Library of Parliament, 2002, p. 12).
Also, the 1867 British North America Act also outlines the limitation of the Senate in terms of
proposing bills and the process in which bills become law. Bills can be introduced in the Senate;
however, these bills cannot "raise or allocate public funds" (Library of Parliament, 2002, p. 12).
Finally, to become law, bills must pass through both the House of Commons and the Senate to
receive royal assent and become law (BNAAct, 1867, IV.

Marie Sklodowska was born Warsaw, Poland in 1867. She was...
Marie Sklodowska was born Warsaw, Poland in 1867. She was raised by two teachers who
supported the idea of a good education. She was a great student and was always willing to learn but
the education she desired was not available in Poland so when her sister, Bronya, went to Paris,
Marie followed. Marie went to school in Paris to get a teaching diploma in mathematics and physics
and then to return to Poland. She didn't live with her sister and new brother–in–law because she
liked the freedom she had in an apartment of her own. After 3 years of living in Paris, she received a
diploma in physics and mathematics.
Pierre Curie was an internationally known physicist but not well known in the French scientific
community. His only dream was to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Her results were immediate. She noticed that the element thorium gave off the same rays as
uranium. After a lot of research she came to the conclusion that radiation did not depend on the
compound being studied. She said that it depended on the amount of uranium or thorium. She
concluded that radiation did not depend on the arrangement of atoms in a compound in a molecule
but rather the interior of the atom itself. The discovery was considered to be revolutionary at the
time. She continued to test all elements on the Periodic Table of Elements. Only uranium and
thorium gave off any sort of radiation.
Her next experiment was quite simple. She wanted to test natural ores that contain uranium or
thorium. She gathered samples from geological museums and found that pitchblende was four to
five times active with small amounts of uranium. Pitchblende is a form of the mineral uraninite
occurring in brown or black pitch like masses. Her brand new hypothesis was that a new element
that was considerably more active than uranium was preset in small amounts of ore.
Pierre gave up his research of crystals which he was heavily dedicated to join Marie in her scientific
studies. They both found that strong reactions came from test samples containing bismuth or barium.
Following up on bismuth, Marie discovered that every time she took away an amount of bismuth, a
residue with greater activity was left behind. By 1898, the substance was 300 times the strength of

Police Force In Canada In 1867 To Present Time
Canada has a long history of policing and keeping up with the changing times; starting with the
Dominion of Canada in 1867 to present time. As Canada evolved as a Nation so did the Police
forces of Canada. The first Police force in Canada was 1868 the "Dominion Police Force"; it was
federal in nature and its main responsibility was to take care of the federal buildings in Ottawa. With
increasing guidance and control needed their jurisdiction extended to policing of central and eastern
parts of Canada. As Canada expanded to the west and Northwest Territories, Prime Minister
Macdonald created North West Mounted Police (NWMP) in May of 1873 due to the Mets uprising
and to control the whisky trade. The Metis uprising was due to the push of settlers

Canada Financial Regulation Essay
Canadian Regulatory Landscape
Individual Term Paper
Abstract
In McKay report to Expert Panel on Securities Regulation, it has been 10 years since the discussion
about improvement on Canadian Regulatory Framework that indicate changes have to be done.
Major and minor obstacles have been debated since which calls for action of changes. In this
research I will try to explain how and why changes are needed for securities regulation in Canada in
order to bring our capital market compete–able with the rest of the world while in the same time
provides high securities for all the stakeholders and backed by the federal government.
Major obstacles of changes in the last 10 years
In my opinion, there are four obstacles which makes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The transition office has also established transition plans which will guide the new regulator with its
anticipated regulatory approach, through its governance structure, organization design and
implementation. Additional information provided by Department of Finance of Canada furthermore
explained that once favorable ruling received from the Supreme Court of Canada, the government of
Canada will introduce the securities act to parliamentary legislative process.
Changes to new regime of a national securities regulation
IIROC to Expert Panels
IRROC is the national self–regulatory organization which oversees all investment dealer and trading
activities on debt and equity marketplace in Canada. Created through consolidation of the
Investment Dealer Association of Canada and Market Regulation Services Inc. they sets high quality
regulatory and investment industry standard, protect investor and strengthen market integrity and
also maintaining efficient and competitive capital market. In August 2008, IIROC submitted report
to the expert panel which includes the reasoning behind why it is formed. In the submission, IIROC
explains the benefit of incorporating two SRO which are:
1. The elimination of potential regulatory gap or overlaps arising from member regulation and
market regulation

Fenian Manifesto Thesis Statement
Fenian Manifesto
For this assignment we are to write a 2,000–word, roughly, essay on one of three documents. The
Fenian Manifesto, Parnell's Speech or the Objects of Inghinidhe na hÉireann. I have as such chosen
to do this essay on the 1867 Fenian Manifesto written for the failed Fenian Rising of the same year. I
will be focusing this essay on three specific areas, specifically the 1867 proclamation compared to
the 1916 proclamation on religious grounds, secondly the aspect of socialism and how that can be
seen in the Manifesto and finally to whom in society the Manifesto was for and against.
First of all, there is quite the contrast between the 1867 manifesto(Blackboard) and 1916
proclamations (Tnúthghail Ó, 2013) in terms of religion. The ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(2017). Ireland's Other Proclamation. Jacobin Magazine, Available at: URL
https://www.jacobinmag.com/2017/03/irelands–other–proclamation [Accessed 17/10/2017].
(2017). Entry title proletariat. In: The American Heritage, Fifth Edition. Boston. Publisher Houghton
Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Available at: URL
https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=proletariat [Accessed 17/10/2017].
Grada, C. (1975). FENIANISM and SOCIALISM: The Career of Joseph Patrick McDonnell.
Saothar, 1(1), 31–41. Retrieved from Available at: URL http://www.jstor.org/stable/23194161
[Accessed 17/10/2017].
Kelly, M. (2008) Nationalism's pilot light? History Ireland. Page 18. Available at:
http://www.historyireland.com/18th–19th–century–history/nationalisms–pilot–light/ [Accessed
18/10/2017]
Forsythe, W (N/D). Background to Landed Estates [online] Ask about Ireland. Available at: URL
http://askaboutireland.ie/reading–room/history–heritage/big–houses–of–ireland/welcome–to–the–
cork–archi/background–to–landed–esta/ [20/10/2017].
Moffatt, Lewis, b. (1886). The Irish land question: scheme for a peasant propriety in Ireland .
Edition. (E–book) Toronto: C. Blackett Robinson, page 3. Available at:
https://archive.org/details/cihm_11156 URL [Accessed

Liberal Party In Canada
The Liberal Party is the oldest and most dominant federal level political party in Canada. The party
was founded on July 1st, 1867 and has since provided Canada with 10 Prime Ministers. (Clarkson &
McCall, 12) The party originated during the mid–19th century when the English and French
colonies of Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario) formed opposition groups. 'The
Grits' of Upper Canada lead by George Brown and the 'Parti Rouge' (Reds) of Lower Canada.
(Rayside, 2016) In the late 1850's these two groups briefly consolidated to form a government,
which ultimately failed and resulted in separation of the parties. This failure led the Parti Rouge to
consider a different political stance, thus coalesce of The Grits and the Parti Rouge to form the
Liberal Party of Canada in 1867.
In the early years after confederation the Conservatives dominated the Canadian political scene from
1867 until 1896, with the omission of 5 years, from 1873–1878. (Liberal.ca, 2005) The first Prime
Minister of Canada in 1867 was Sir John A. Macdonald leading the Conservative party. This party
was strong and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He became the countries first Francophone Prime Minister in 1896 and maintained this position
until 1911. (Rayside, 2016) With Laurier's guidance the Liberal party began to advance their
political stance and unified over a centrist based platform. Laurier was also able to bridge the gap
between cultural and regional differences primarily over language–English and French. He was able
to win the election of 1896 with a platform focused on national unity and provincial rights. During
the 15 years that Laurier was Prime Minister there was unexpected growth and immigration
increased. Which lead to the formation of two new provinces in 1905 being Alberta and
Saskatchewan. (Library and Archives Canada, 2016) Thus leading to the obligatory expansion of the
railway and two new lines were built to

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