British Influence In Canadian Government

British Influence in Canadian Government
Canada's Relationship with Britain British influence on Canadian government Many of the political
pressures in Canada today have their roots in the way the country was shaped politically over 150
years ago. How we do things now is based on institutions of government that go back even further.
Eugene A. Forsey, until his death considered the foremost expert on the Canadian Constitution,
wrote in how Canadians govern themselves: "it is necessary to understand that our written
Constitution, unlike the American, is not a single document. It is a collection of 24 documents: 13
acts of the British Parliament, seven of the Canadian, and four British orders–in–council." Her
Majesty Queen Elizabeth II published that booklet in conjunction with the signing of the Canada
Act. In addition to providing the Charter of Rights, The Canada Act did several things. Forsey
wrote: "Under the terms of the Canada Act, the Constitution Act, 1982 was proclaimed in Canada....
"Under the Constitution Act, 1982, the British North America Act and its various amendments
(1871, 1886, 1907, 1915, 1930, 1940, 1960, 1964, 1965, 1974, 1975) became the Constitution Acts,
1867–1975. "More important, it made four big changes in our Constitution. "First, it established four
legal formulas or processes for amending the Constitution.... "The second big change made by the
Constitution Act, 1982, is that the first three amending formulas "entrench" certain parts of the
written Constitution; that is, place
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Reconstruction Era and Its Effects on Slavery with and...
The Reconstruction Era and its effects on Slavery with and after President Lincoln
The Reconstruction Era which followed the Civil War was a period marked by a severe effort to re–
establish a depleted and distraught society. The war, which was aimed at confronting the national
dilemma of slavery, only led to subsequent problems over emancipation and an undefined condition
of freedom. Some, who had naively assumed that ending slavery would resolve the problem of
racial inequality, overlooked the prejudice and unpleasant feeling towards blacks.
Lincoln's plan for reconstruction was aimed at reuniting southern states with the union and to
strengthen the Republican Party in the South; which were his main supporters. One of the main ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In his 2nd Inaugural address, Lincoln advocated that the Civil War was God's punishment of a
nation having human beings kept in bondage (Abraham Lincoln "Second Inaugural Address: March
4, 1865"). Just for a slight moment was Lincoln's goal realized before the acts of then President
Johnson attempted to strip away Lincoln's foundation for freedom. Before Lincoln was assassinated
he managed to get the thirteenth amendment passed in House after it failed to do so in 1864. This
was important for Lincoln with elections coming up and he knew that if this wasn't passed his
chances of reelection would be doubtful.
The thirteenth amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude and was the first grant of
civil rights given to African Americans ("Thirteenth Amendment: January 31, 1865"). The 14th
Amendment was passed into law and protects the rights against state infringements, defines
citizenship, prohibits states from interfering with privileges and immunities, requires due process
and equal protection, punishes states for denying vote, and disqualifies Confederate officials and
debts ("Fourteenth Amendment: June 16, 1866"). For the first time the word "equal" was established
into the Constitution.
As a result of the Civil Rights Bill and the Fourteenth Amendment, permitted African Americans the
power to make their own labor contracts and commence

A Brief Note On The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Proper housing is crucial to a human being's wellbeing, both mentally and physically. It is
fundamental in ensuring good mental health, physical health, and it sets the basis for social inclusion
in society. Housing is necessary for human beings to be able to survive and be able to protect
themselves from the elements. It is recognized as a basic human need alongside food and water;
thus, it is surprising that an estimated minimum of 235,000 people in a developed country like
Canada remain homeless and an estimated one in five people cannot afford housing (Heffernan,
Tracy; Faraday, Fay; and Rosenthal, Peter, 2015). Statistics such as these beg the question of
whether or not the right to housing or the right to affordable housing is recognized in Canada. The
answer to this question is quite complicated as there is no clear right in the Canadian Charter of
Rights and Freedoms that recognizes a specific right to housing or shelter, however, under section 7
and section 15 of the charter which state that "Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of
the person and the right not to be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of
fundamental justice" and "Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the
equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination and, in particular, without
discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age or mental or
physical disability(Canadian

Canadian Constitution Essay
The Canadian Constitution
Regarded as the fundamental law of the land, a Constitution is important because it sets forth the
policy declaration and principles of a sovereign state. Aside from that, it accords the government
fundamental powers so that the latter is able to serve and protect the people in the best possible way.
Without the Constitution, a community will fall into anarchy. For the purposes of this paper, the
history of the promulgation of the Canadian Constitution will be discussed. This paper will also
assess the purpose of the said Constitution.
History of the Promulgation
The Canadian Constitution is composed of various legal documents such as the Constitution Act
(1867) or the British North America Act, the Canadian Charter ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, it authorizes the state to exercise its inherent powers and at the same time, limiting such
exercise. To make it simple, the Constitution creates the systems of government of a certain state.
The Government of Canada (n.d.). mentioned that Canada has three branches of the government: the
executive, the legislative, and the judiciary. In Canada, the Queen exercises the executive power.
The legislative branch is known as the parliament. The parliament is comprised of the Senate and
the House of Commons (Government of Canada, n.d.). This is where bills are passed and
subsequently become laws. The judiciary is comprised of judges. They are burdened with the
responsibility of interpreting the law and making sure that its application conforms to what is set
forth in the Constitution. The fundamental powers granted by the Constitution to the government
enable the latter to intervene and regulate people's liberty and rights. However, this intervention is
not absolute because the Constitution also provides for its limits. There is a need to authorize the
government and limit it at the same time so that its authority and the liberty and exercise of rights of
the citizens are well–balanced. Without such balance, anarchy will result. As such, the existence of a
Constitution is a necessity for a government to function properly and for the citizens to live

What Is Radical Reconstruction Radical
Radical Reconstruction was seen as radical. This was because of how big of an extent people apart
of Radical Reconstruction were trying to transform the South. Congress passed the Reconstruction
Acts of 1867–68, the Second Reconstruction Act, and these acts were seen as controlling since the
North almost had utter control of policy–making within Congress. However, Radical Reconstruction
was also seen as not radical. This was due to people apart of Radical Reconstruction as seen to be
trying to institute order in the South. People started to view Radical Reconstruction this way after
the Memphis and New Orleans Riots of 1866. Radical Reconstruction was radical due to the North
taking advantage of their power and making an attempt in completely changing the South. One act
congress established in order to change the South was the Reconstruction Acts of 1867–68. This act
enforced military government and rule within the South excluding Tennessee. This demanded
universal manhood suffrage. There were 10 abiding states and these states were separated into 5
military districts. About 20,000 military troops forced the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
After the Memphis and New Orleans Riots of 1866 people's perspectives about radical
reconstruction changed. The Memphis riots occured because of political, social, and racial strains
following the Civil War. After a falling–out with black soldiers and white policemen, crowds of
white civilians and policeman raided black neighborhoods and attacked and killed black men,
women, and children. This Memphis Riot also brought attention to the New Orleans Riot and
brought awareness that Radical Republicans were needed to bring upon peace and protect freedmen
in the South as well as protect their rights. This opened people's eyes that Radical Reconstruction
was to keep the South in check and prevent chaotic riots and violence due to white southerners
disagreement of the new freedmen's and blacks

Essay on Equality and Justice for All in Canada
Today, Canada is known around the world as a cultural mosaic. As a nation it welcomes people of
both sexes with all different beliefs, cultures, and religions. Creating a mature nation would require
promoting equality of opportunity to all and giving help to those who were disadvantaged. However,
Canada has not always been a welcoming and mature nation. In the past, women were not allowed
to vote alongside men or run for political positions, due to the fact that they were not considered
"persons". As well, Aboriginal children were stipped from their homes, families, and identities so
that they could assimilate all First Nations people. During the last century, women have gained more
political rights, gained more respect from society, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
31 year old Agnes Macphail, became the first women elected into the House of Commons
(Milestones for Canadian Women in Politics). In 1921, during her campaign she said "I want for
myself what I want for other women, absolute equality." (Milestones for Canadian Women in
Politics) She was a monumental figure for all Canadian women to realize that had the same say as
men do and can be leaders if they desire to do so.
Women being able to vote was a huge step forward for Canadian women, but even though they
could run for certain political positions, they could not be Senators. During the early twentieth
century women were not legally considered "persons" and could not be Senators (Women become
Persons). This act of exclusion portrayed Canada as an immature nation. A milestone with
significant importance occurred in the Persons Case. The first constitution of Canada was the BNA
Act (British North America Act). In this constitution it referred to a group of people as "persons" but
when one individual was referenced they used the word 'he". The constitution restricted women
from holding public office. (History Canadian resources book) The act declared that "women are
persons in matters of pain and penalties, but are not persons in matters of rights and privileges."
Therefore, women could be given the same penalties as men for breaking a law, but could not
receive the same basic benefits that men could. Unfair legalities like this proves that Canada was

Ficial Version Of The Law Is Not A True Reflection Of Its...
The official version of the law is the basis on which the law prides itself to be. It claims to be
neutral, having no prejudice against race, sex, gender, or any other distinguishing characteristics.
The law compares itself to a blindfolded woman as historically women who have been seen as
virgins who are pure, uninfluenced, and have no biases. The official version of the law is bound by
one rule and that is everyone is subjected to the law and will be treated equally under it. Stare
Decisis, a well known term to legal scholars is used define how judges are bound by precedent
which means they must treat all cases the same and thus leading to the basis of the official version
which is predictable, unbiased law. My focus in this paper is to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This showed racism in many ways, one of which clearly indicates that the Aboriginal peoples were
not viewed as smart or privileged enough to make their own decisions. According to Comack's
article (2012) privileged individuals hold positions which are defined as the following:
Grants the cultural authority to make judgment onto others and to have those judgments stick, it
allows people to define reality and to have prevailing definitions of reality fit their experience...in
other words in societies in which white people are the dominant group, whiteness goes unmarked.
Whiteness becomes the unacknowledged norm or standard by which all others are measured (p. 18).
Furthermore, the Canadian law failed to realize that there empowerment over the Aboriginal land
and reserves interfered with the treaties, which the Aboriginal people struggled to enforce. The
government denied the existence of any treaties, which were already in existence.
Although Aboriginal rights are supposedly protected under the Constitution Act of 1867, the law
itself creates racism. This is clearly shown in the Gradual Civilization Act of 1857 where the
Aboriginal people were subjected to discrimination as reservations were created for the Aboriginal
people to live. The law failed to recognize the traditional territories of the reservations that various
tribes

The Pre-Confederation Period and the Confederation Period
Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a liberal democracy. As a member of G–8 it is one of the
most industrialized nations in the world and holds a very important position in reference to the
world economy.
Territorially Canada was not always the same. It went through changes to evolve in the form it is
today. The Canada of today was earlier in the form of various British colonies. The region was not
united and they joined hand with the passage of time. The history of Canada can be divided roughly
into two factions: the pre confederation period and the confederation period.
The pre–confederation period is the period prior to the unification of Canada. Before the advent of
Europeans, Canada had no single unified government or administration. The only kind of politics
was the treaties signed among the regions or tribes. At the same time, the local leaders or head of the
tribes were the only form of government known to the people. Canada turned into a series of
colonies with the arrival of the Europeans. Various regions were colonized by different nations of
Europe like Britain, France and even Spain. All the colonies which form Canada were once a part of
New France. The British acquired those colonies by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 and by the Treaty
of Paris in 1763.
The Canada, as we know today, took its shape in 1867 with the signing of the British North America
Act. This Act created a single unified administration for the whole region. The regional interests
were

Why Is The Upper Canada's Constitution Revolutionary
Starting with the Constitution Act of 1791, Canada was divided into two parts: Upper Canada and
Lower Canada. Upper Canada was where the wealthy British, known as the Family Compact,
resided. Lower Canada was where the less wealthy French resided. Although Lower Canada had its
own branch of government, known as the Legislative Assembly, it had tremendously limited power.
After many Canadians voiced their anger towards this circumstance, the Constitution of 1867 was
created (Billingsley, 2013). The constitution combined Lower Canada and Upper Canada, and it
gave the people much more rights, although it did not actually make Canada an independent
country. Canada's road to independence was, to a large extent, evolutionary and not revolutionary
because it was unoriginal and because it took much too long of a time for its changes to be
considered revolutionary. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Initially, Canadians were upset because they were being taxed without any sort of representation
since the Legislative Assembly had very limited power. However, in 1775 (History.com, 2018), the
United States began a war with England because they were upset about taxation without
representation as well. Clearly, Canadians were not fighting for an original cause. In addition,
Canadians desired a government that gave more power to the Legislative Assembly. The American
Revolution already fought so that they could have a government that listened to the people, so
Canada's desires were not original either. Nothing about Canada's independence movement
dramatically altered the world. Canada's independence movement certainly benefited Canadians,
which made it evolutionary, but it simply did not have enough of an impact on the rest of the world
for it to be considered

Assess the significance of popular pressure in bringing...
Assess the significance of popular pressure in bringing about improved representation and greater
democracy in Britain in the period 1830–1931 The period of 1830–1931 saw gradual yet largely
significant governmental reforms which led to an extension of the franchise from 500,000 to around
21 million. Prior to 1832, Britain's franchise composed of a selective elite of the landowning class,
however the 1832 reform act, although a disappointment in the extent of what it achieved, paved the
way for further reform as it brought people together in rebellion (the Bristol Riots). This proved that
popular pressure had the potential to be very successful in orchestrating parliamentary reform. The
influence of pressure from outside parliament was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Whether a revolution was possible is questionable amongst historians, however as Eric Evans wrote,
'What mattered was that enough MPs and Peers believed that it was, and acted accordingly.'2 It
could also be said that unwittingly the government had evoked an atmosphere of popular pressure in
Britain as everyone had seen how easily they had surrendered to the rebels' demands. Despite the
bill's limitations, the rioters had after all successfully achieved the first piece of legislation which
was an incentive for future pressure from outside Parliament, hence quickening the process of
improving representation and democracy in Britain. The Hyde Park riots of 1866 were another
example of working–class radicalism in protest for reform. Similarly to the Bristol Riots, the rebels
were destructive by force and although there was said to be 'more mischief than malice', a policeman
was killed. Both the Bristol and Hyde Park riots were successful as they were each followed by a
reform the next year. I believe that the main reason for the Hyde Park riots' victory was the
unification of the National Reform Union and the Reform League, two distinctively divided (in
class) bodies. This demonstrated that people of different classes and backgrounds were able to unify
in common aims in ways which the political parties could not. Furthermore, this alliance could be
seen as a step towards democratic reform as it began to

Constitution Act 1982 Section 38 Analysis
In the Constitution Act 1867, section 146 state that it is lawful for the Queen which is now Governor
General with the Advice of Prime Minster and his cabinet can allow the Colonies or Provinces, into
the Union.
In the Constitution Act 1982, section 38 that the constitution of Canada can be amend when
resolution of the Senate, the House of Commons and legislative assemblies, which has support of
majority its members, of at least two– thirds of provinces that have at least fifty per cent of the
population of the provinces. According to section 43 (1), an amendment to the Constitution of
Canada, in relation to any alteration to boundaries between provinces, and any amendment to any
provisions that relate to the use of the English or the French

Constitutional Act Of Confederation Analysis
At the second constitutional conference leading to Confederation the delegates discussed terms in
which lead to the Constitutional act of 1867. This act was further passed by The British Parliament
creating dominion of Canada at Confederation. This act provided union of three colonies; Nova
Scotia, Canada and New Brunswick and placed a federal state with a parliamentary statement based
on Britain and the United Kingdom. Although the creating of Upper and Lower Canada was a
success "its ridged colonial structures also set the stage for the rebellions in the two Canada's."
(Historic Canada) The act was also known from a voting franchise which included quality from the
18th and 19th century, primarily because it included women who owned a house in Lower Canada.
MacDonald had believed that he was responsible for forming Constitution in which he claimed that
"not one man at the conference had the slightest idea of constitution making, what ever is good or ill
in the constitution is mine" (source). By the end of the Quebec conference, a ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The 72 resolutions were put together by many delegates especially John A MacDonald. Macdonald
contributed to 50 out of the 72 resolutions created to define the future of Canada. The resolutions
were formed by what was clearly laid out at the Charlottetown Conference and included also
"Constitutional frame work for a new country" (encylopedia CHANGE) The resolutions outlined the
idea of federalism , the powers and responsibilities of each province and how a senate would be
placed in the middle among the three regions; Canada East, Canada West and Atlantic colonies to
contribute and equal voice. The membership in the House of Commons was defined and based upon
representation by population, this was outlined in one of the

Canada Financial Regulation Essay
Canadian Regulatory Landscape
Individual Term Paper
Abstract
In McKay report to Expert Panel on Securities Regulation, it has been 10 years since the discussion
about improvement on Canadian Regulatory Framework that indicate changes have to be done.
Major and minor obstacles have been debated since which calls for action of changes. In this
research I will try to explain how and why changes are needed for securities regulation in Canada in
order to bring our capital market compete–able with the rest of the world while in the same time
provides high securities for all the stakeholders and backed by the federal government.
Major obstacles of changes in the last 10 years
In my opinion, there are four obstacles which makes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The transition office has also established transition plans which will guide the new regulator with its
anticipated regulatory approach, through its governance structure, organization design and
implementation. Additional information provided by Department of Finance of Canada furthermore
explained that once favorable ruling received from the Supreme Court of Canada, the government of
Canada will introduce the securities act to parliamentary legislative process.
Changes to new regime of a national securities regulation
IIROC to Expert Panels
IRROC is the national self–regulatory organization which oversees all investment dealer and trading
activities on debt and equity marketplace in Canada. Created through consolidation of the
Investment Dealer Association of Canada and Market Regulation Services Inc. they sets high quality
regulatory and investment industry standard, protect investor and strengthen market integrity and
also maintaining efficient and competitive capital market. In August 2008, IIROC submitted report
to the expert panel which includes the reasoning behind why it is formed. In the submission, IIROC
explains the benefit of incorporating two SRO which are:
1. The elimination of potential regulatory gap or overlaps arising from member regulation and
market regulation

Canada.. Introduction:. Canada Was A Land Of Vast Distances
Canada Introduction:
Canada was a land of vast distances and rich natural resources, and became a hegemonic authority
in 1867, while maintaining relations with the British Crown. Economically and technically, the
nation has developed parallel to the United States, its neighbor to the south across the longest
international border in the world. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands
for quality improvement in health care, education, social services and economic competitiveness.
Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the
environment. (1)
1–The geography of Canada: – Location: Northern North America, on the border with the North
Atlantic on the east, the North ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(1)
– Capital name: Ottawa. –Administrative Departments: [This entry generally gives the
administrative numbers and terms and administrative sections of the first class, as approved by the
US Geographical Names Board (GAG), but the changes that have been reported but have not yet
been observed are noted by the geographical names. And special characters] (1)
– National holiday: Canada Day, 1 July (1867)
– The constitution of Canada:[ made up of unwritten and written acts, customs, judicial decisions,
and traditions dating from 1763; the written part of the constitution consists of the Constitution Act
of 29 March 1867, which created a federation of four provinces, and the Constitution Act of 17 April
1982; several amendments to the 1982 Constitution Act, last in 2011 (2016)]. (1)
– Legal system:[ common law system except in Quebec, Where civil law is based on French civil
law]. (1)
– International law organization participation: [Accepts the compulsory jurisdiction of the
International Court of Justice with reservations; accepts the jurisdiction of the International Criminal
Court]. (1)
– Voting: [18 years old; universal](1)
– Executive branch:
Head of State:[ Queen Elizabeth I. (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor–General
David Johnston (since 1 October 2010)] (1)
Prime Minister: Prime Minister Justin Pierre James Tordio (Liberal Party) (since November 4, 2015)
Council of Ministers: The Federal Ministry chosen by the Prime

Charter Of Rights And Freedoms In Canada
In its earliest days, Canada did not have a written constitution. During the mid–1700s and 1800s,
French and British colonists, who were governed by the laws of their home countries, populated the
territory of modern day Canada. As the territory of Canada became more populated, the United
Kingdom assumed authority over all of Canada's inhabitants. However, as time went on it became
obvious that a system of autochthonous constitution was required to effectively govern the
individual needs of the colonies. The Constitution Act of 1867, reflected a few core values that the
drafters held for the creation of the Dominion of Canada including: (1) loyalty to the United
Kingdom and (2) respect for all language and religion. However, those values shifted ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Before 1988, abortion in Canada was illegal in all providences however due to the relatively new
Charter of Rights and Freedoms Canadian doctors were able to challenge the law. According to
section 7, the Charter "guarantees the life, liberty and personal security of all Canadians. It also
demands that governments respect the basic principles of justice whenever it intrudes on those
rights."(Section 7, Charter of Rights and Freedoms). Thus the law banning abortion was a violation
of the rights guaranteed in the Charter, and as one of the prevailing justices in the case stated: "The
right to liberty...guarantees a degree of personal autonomy over important decisions intimately
affecting his or her private life. ... The decision whether or not to terminate a pregnancy is
essentially a moral decision and in a free and democratic society, the conscience of the individual
must be paramount to that of the state." The Charter further protects the right of choice, moral
decisions, and freedom of personal

The Constitution : Reforming Responsible Government :...
Democratizing the Constitution: Reforming Responsible Government: Ensuring National Interest
Introduction
In 2011, three legal and constitutional scholars, Peter Aucoin, Mark D. Jarvis and Lori Turnbull set
out to write a book detailing what they believed to be obvious and egregious errors in the way in
which the current form of responsible government as it was practiced in the Canadian federal
government, fell short of operating within basic democratic parameters. Canada has a system that is
based one the Westminster system, in which its the Constitution act of 1867 is influenced by British
principles and conventions. "Democratizing the Constitution reforming responsible government" is
a book that makes an analysis for the reform of responsible government in Canada. The authors
believe that from the unclear rules, pertaining to the role and power of the prime minster foresees for
a failing responsible government. In this essay the functions of the government , conventions of the
constitution, the a proposal for reform will be addressed.
Principles and Structures of Responsible Government Responsible government is a fundamental
convention of the Canadian constitution. It is built around different structures of the government the
presently exist. The authors main belief of how responsible government should function goes back
to the adoption of responsible government from the political reformers, from the time of Joseph
Howe. This looked at the two functions of the

The Greatest Pop Star : Pierre Elliott Trudeau
The definition of important is "having serious meaning or worth," (Merriam– Webster's Dictionary).
Pierre Elliott Trudeau is the representation of this. Trudeau was born in Montreal to Joseph Charles
Trudeau and Grace Elliott. Joseph was of French descent and Grace was of Scottish, therefore
Trudeau was bilingual. He was appointed Minister of Justice and gained national attention for his
social reforms. These include divorce laws, abortion, laws on homosexual marriage and regulations
on public lotteries. Afterward, he became the 15th Prime Minister Of Canada. He was the Prime
Minister from April 20th, 1968 to June 4th, 1979, and once more from March 3rd, 1980 to June
30th, 1984, obtaining the role after Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson. While he was the Prime
Minister for 15 years in total where he accomplished many objectives that constructed Canada.
Authors Geoff Pevere and Greig Dymond considered him to be "the greatest pop star this country
has ever produced," (O'Malley Martin, 2013.) He was arguably Canada's best–known politician and
was extremely special indeed. Pierre Elliott Trudeau was the most significant post–war Prime
Minister because he unified Canada and reshaped the Canadian identity. He did this by establishing
the Official Languages Act, stopped terrorism carried out by the Front de libération du Québec and
enacted the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, all which are incredibly momentous for Canada.
The Official Languages Act gave Canada its bilingual

British North America Act 1867: Important In Canadian History
British North America Act 1867
This act occurred on July 1st, 1867 the law The British North America Act is important in Canadian
history because it is the 1867 Act which officially created the new country of Canada by joining
together the four provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia legal in
Confederation. This legislation, passed by the British Parliament, created Canada as a new making it
its own today. Therefore Canada is an independent country that must not listen to anyone but
themselves. The statue of West Minister 1931
The statue of West Minister was a law that was created on December 11th, 1931 in Britain which
clarified the parliament powers in Canada. It was a British law which clarified the powers of ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The United Nations do multiple things such as following the devastation of the Second World War,
with one central mission: the maintenance of international peace and security. The UN does this by
working to prevent conflict; helping parties in conflict make peace; peacekeeping; and creating the
conditions to allow peace to hold and flourish. These activities often overlap and should reinforce
one another, to be effective. The term "human rights" was mentioned seven times in the UN's
founding Charter, making the promotion and protection of human rights a key purpose and guiding
principle of the Organization. In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights brought human
rights into the realm of international law. Since then, the Organization has diligently protected
human rights through legal instruments and on–the–ground activities. The united nations are a great
group of people who are looking out for us ever since Canada has joined this group they have been
able to make an impact such as. Today, Canada continues to uphold the UN by actively participating
in the organization's activities and providing financial support. Canada consistently brings pragmatic
ideas and solutions to the table, from peacekeeping proposals in the 1950s, to creating the
International Criminal Court and banning landmines in the 1990s. Today, some of their current goals
are to assist war–affected children, or to improve the UN's management and

The Government of Canada and Multiculturalism Essay examples
"Multiculturalism" entered public speech in the late 1960s and early 1970s in Canada that focused
on unique cultural diversity, nationalities, and ethnicity across the nation. Multiculturalism and
Immigration are important factors in the development of Canada to attain a strong multicultural
example of economic stability, social and political growth which leads to the emergence of Canada's
identity and culture.
The artefact design indicates the deep understanding of Canadian Multiculturalism which helps to
shape the nation. Many immigrants from different countries around the world bring their values,
traditions, religious and cultural beliefs, clothes, food, entertainment and their knowledge.
Multiculturalism benefits Canada's society and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the 1950s, the federal government made the decision that cultural diversity is essential to the
success of Canadian society. Also based on Multiculturalism was the introduction of the
Immigration Act of 1976, which brought about huge significant changes to the immigration policy
and how it would operate in Canada. The Act called for consultation with provinces on the planning
and management of immigration and allowed for refugees to be considered a distinct group to be
selected and admitted from immigrants (Citizenship & Immigration Canada). All Canadians are
equal before the law and have equality opportunity regardless their origins. "Canada's laws and
policies recognize Canada's diversity by race, cultural heritage, ethnicity, religion, ancestry and
place of origin and guarantees to all men and women complete freedom of conscience, of thought,
belief, opinion expression, association and peaceful assembly. All of these rights, our freedom and
our dignity, are guaranteed through our Canadian citizenship, our Canadian Constitution, and our
Charter of Rights and Freedoms". In 1977, in the province of Quebec, French was declared, by the
Federal government, followed by English to be used in all their official language provincial
government, businesses, schools, hospitals, courts, restaurants, and other public places. The majority
of Quebec's

Canadian History Has Profoundly Shaped By Numerous Events
Canadian history has been profoundly shaped by numerous events. The fifteenth Prime Minister,
Pierre Elliot Trudeau remains one of the greatest citizens to define the nation's identity. During his
fifteen years in the position, he makes multiple decisions and contributions of great importance
towards the growth and prosperity of Canadian society. As a result of his ambitions and efforts,
widespread popularity known as "Trudeaumania" begins as a phenomenon that had existed like no
other before his time (Gwyn 14). "He touched the dreams of an entire generation of Canadians" and
his fame will continue for future Canadian generations, as his accomplishments positively affected
the country, leaving an enduring legacy that propels a still–flourishing Canadian ideal of peace and
perseverance (Gzowski Peter and more 50). Further to his overall popularity amongst Canadian
citizens, Pierre Trudeau is a defining figure in Canada's rich history, as he unites Quebec with the
rest of Canada, he is responsible for the passing of both the Constitution Act in 1982 and the
Multicultural Act in 1971.
One of the defining accomplishments of Trudeau's leadership is his strategic influence in the
unification of Quebec with the rest of Canada. Expressing his opinion towards Quebec, Trudeau
once said, "I am trying to put Quebec in its place, and the place of Quebec is in Canada (Gzowski
and more 67)." Within his early months as prime minister, he enacts the Official Languages Act in
1969, promoting

Summary : ' Maher Arar '
Introduction
On 26 September 2002, Maher Arar, a Canadian citizen who born in Syria, was arrested at John F.
Kennedy International Airport while he was waiting for his flight . Mr. Arar was held in solitary
confinement without any charges by United States authorities for two weeks without having access
to a lawyer. The United States government suspected him of being a member of Al–Qaeda and
deported him back directly not to Canada, but to his country of birth Syria, where he was tortured .
Arar was held in Syria for nearly a year, and during that time he was tortured, until he returns back
to Canada. The Syrian government later admitted that Arar was not involved in any terrorist activity
and he was "completely innocent ". The RMCP has admitted that it worked with the CIA during the
Maher Arar affair. Ottawa authorities had demanded, keeping a lid on the fact that Canada was
working with the CIA on the issue, arguing such affirmation would conflict with national security.
There was no such remorse over referring to help with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, however
the government chose the CIA, a surreptitious spy organization, merited more prominent assurance
in view of its distinctive tenets of engagement .
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) gave person information and a database from
previously stated terrorism investigation to the American authorities that did not comply with their
policies and procedures. The RCMP also provided false information to the

The Importance Of Human Rights In Canada
All of humanity has one true factor in common, the claim to be treated within the respectful
parameters of their human rights. Human rights can be defined as the rights in which one is entitled
to due being human and entail the preservation of one's respect, dignity, equality, and freedom. In
the history of Canada, there are many moments in which the government and its people act in
protection of these rights. The establishment of Medicare in Saskatchewan as an example took place
on July 1st, 1962 and marked the start of Canada's free healthcare reputation. The provincial
government at the time, Co–operative Commonwealth Federation or the CCF party under the
leadership of T.C. Douglas, passing the Medicare Act in Saskatchewan was brought about by the
popularity the concept had with the people. The year of 1971 also contained an event that well
framed the conservation of human rights the implementation of the Canadian Multiculturalism
Policy. Canada had already appointed the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism in
efforts to maintain an equal balance of British and French elements within the country and the
Canadian Multiculturalism Policy was presented to address the other cultures present in the
community that is Canada. The Constitution Act of 1982 or rather in particular, the Canadian
Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a grand part of Canada's history with regards to human rights.
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was enacted under the Liberal

Reconstruction Plan Research Paper
There were many different plans for Reconstruction, the period after the Civil War from 1865–1877.
There was President Lincoln's original plan, the Wade–Davis Bill, and Presidential and
Congressional Reconstruction. However, none of these plans effectively reconstructed the South.
In December of 1863, Abraham Lincoln proposed the 10 Percent Plan as the first plan for
Reconstruction. In the plan, a Confederate state would be readmitted to the Union, with a new
government created, once ten percent of the state's voters had declared loyalty to the United States.
These people were also required to uphold emancipation. Lincoln said that it would be "a cruel and
an astounding breach of faith" for anyone to not abide by the laws of emancipation (qtd. in Goodwin
588). Anyone who took this oath received a full pardon unless they had been a Confederate official.
Lincoln also thought that the entire abolition of slavery, not just in Confederate states, should be
made by a Constitutional amendment. However, this plan was more of a way to try to diminish the
power of the Confederacy during the Civil War than a plan to be enacted after the war was over. It
was officially put into motion in some parts of Union–held territory in the South, but it was never
truly supported by locals and Congress didn't recognize is it. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He had a strong belief in states' rights and let the states make laws mostly on their own, without the
federal government. Johnson gave all land that the Union army had taken back to its original
owners. He also pardoned everyone except Confederate officials and rich plantation owners, but
later he pardoned most of them individually. The only rules he gave the South were that they had to
obey the abolition of slavery, take an oath of loyalty to the United States and pay off their debts
from the Civil

Texas Constitution And The Purpose Of Having A State...
All fifty states have a constitution and the purpose of having a state constitution is to establish
institutions and set broad rules and laws governing the state. There are multiple functions of having
a state constitution. Texas has had seven different constitutions currently Texas is operating under
the Constitution of 1876. In 1827, Texas was declared a state of Mexico. Texas' break with Mexico
was, in part, a constitutional crisis. In 1836, Texas Declaration of Independence was formed and in
on March 2nd, Texas Declared an independence republic. The Constitution of the Republic of Texas
of 1836 had numerous rules. Such as, slavery was allowed, there are three separate branches, and
banned importing slaves from Africa. Next, there were movements

Senate Reform Case Study
Challenges in reforming Canada's Senate and the Supreme Court
In terms of reforming Parliament's upper chamber, the task is faced with several challenges. The
Canadian constitution makes it difficult to make certain reforms to the Senate as the "powers,
selection and qualifications of senators, and the length of their terms" are all defined in the
Constitution Act of 1867 (Pare, 2009, p. 1). Thus, a constitutional amendment is needed to make any
significant reform to the Senate. Also, according to section 44 of the Constitution Act of 1982,
Parliament can amend the Constitution without the provinces. (Barnes et al., 2011, p. 1). In fact,
section 44 allows Parliament to unilaterally amend the constitution in matters relating to the Senate,
House ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The British North America Act of 1867 contained a subsection which described how the Parliament
of Canada would be created. In fact, section 17 states that "there shall be One Parliament for
Canada, consisting of the Queen, an Upper House styled the Senate and the House of Commons"
(BNAAct, 1867, IV.17). In other words, Parliament's three institutions are required to pass laws and
without the Senate, bills cannot become law (Library of Parliament, 2002, p. 11). Thus, a
constitutional amendment is required to change how Parliament operates and how the legislative
process works. More importantly, as part of the legislative process and since Parliament itself must
agree to abolish the Senate along with the ten provinces, Senators will have to agree to abolish the
institution in which they work to represent their regions. Also, smaller provinces must be taken into
account as these provinces, such as the Maritimes, would not agree to abolish the Senate as they are
overrepresented in the chamber can maintain sufficient representation for their interests and
concerns. Therefore, abolishing the Senate is a task which requires negotiations with the provinces
and is a process that is not worth undertaking in terms of time and

The Importance Of A Representative Senate
"Senators come from Canada's regions, but did not represent them" – J. Patrick Boyer, 2014, 222
This paper will argue that Canada should reform the Senate because it is not representative.
Representation is defined as "the action or speaking or acting on behalf of someone or the state of
being so represented" (Oxford, 2015). In relation to Senate representation, it is known as the
disjointed relationship of Senators with their respected regions and citizens as well as their fiduciary
relationship with the Head of State, also known in Canadian parliament as the Prime Minister. The
true intentions of the Senate will be uncovered and divulged to further explain and signify the
importance of a representative Senate by reform in current day Canada. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Alongside the drastic changes through technological advancements in Canada correlating with the
inflated numbers in population since confederation, it is concerning that the Senate is still organized
and acting in the same manner it has been since its creation. There have been minor amendments to
regional representation due to new provinces being added to Canada, but those amendments do not
accommodate the vast growing populations within regions. The way in which Senators are
appointed due to affiliation with the Prime Minister rather than representing the unique needs of
regions continues to be prevalent. The Senate still serves as the most undemocratic portion of
Canadian Parliament due to the appointment rather than the election of its representatives, which
can and does create a division between regional and national interests versus elitist capitalistic views
for individual and political gain (Boyer, 2014,

Canadian Constitution Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
The Constitution
The Canadian Constitution, BNA act, Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and the Canadian Health
care act are the backbone of Canada's political system. The constitution is based upon the structure
and civil rights of every Canadian inhabitant. It is a written document which states the rules that can
run the federal and provincial governments and determine the responsibilities and rights of the
cannadian citizens. The constitution was created so if a person has to undergo legal problems they
will be treated fairly and equally. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms insures the rights of each
being living in Canada along with limits with legal rights, the charter was created in 1960 when it
was signed into the law by Queen Elizabeth the II on April 17th 1982. The charter of rights and
freedoms includes sections that have created challenges within society, for example gay marriage,
marijuana, and issues surrounding the canadian health care act. Before the Charter was created
rights of Canadian were protected by an assortment of laws, including the 1960 Bill of Rights,
which was only part of federal government rather than ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is the name of a series of act in the middle of the constitution, although most of the acts were
amended or repealed the rest had received a new name of the Constitution acts. The BNA acts were
the laws passed by British Parliament creating the "Dominion of Canada" at confederation. The
BNA act was created on March 29, 1867. It provided the union of three colonies – the Province of
Canada (Ontario andQuébec), Nova Scotia and New Brunswick – into a federal state with a system
modelled after Britain.Rupert's Land was acquired in 1870, and six provinces were added to the
original four: Manitoba in 1870, British Columbia in 1871, Prince Edward Island in 1873, Alberta
and Saskatchewan in 1905, and Newfoundland in

U.s. Congressional Reconstruction Era
The Reconstruction Era In 1865, the city was devastated because of the crisis that left the civil war.
Therefore, political, economic and social issues needed to be resolved to improve and reconstruct
the Nation. It was the period in which the State and local governments in the South were restored,
and the Southern states were unified to the rest of the States. This essay emphasizes the differences
between congressional and presidential reconstruction. Also, it highlights the achievements and
success of both. Although the presidential and congressional Reconstruction has some similarities,
they also disagreed on many points and created a conflict between each other. Nevertheless by early
1867, the new Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867 over President Johnson's veto. The
Congressional Reconstruction Plan dramatically changed politics in the South. The reconstruction
was a process of reformation that affected the whole nation. There were three main Reconstruction
plans. Two were presidential "The Lincoln and Johnson's Plan. Meanwhile, one was Congressional.
Lincoln started a Reconstruction plan during the Civil War. To summarize, he implemented before
his death, the Emancipation Proclamation, the 10% Plan and he tried to extend suffrage. But his Plan
failed. The only thing that remained of his plan was to create the Freedmen's Bureau, established in
March 1865, to assist the newly freed slaves in transitioning to a life of slavery and a life of
freedom. After

The Modern Day Legal Systems
Human civilization marked the beginning of modern day legal systems. The advancements in
societies resulted in maintaining certain rules and regulations to continue this progress. Every
society has its own set of laws which are in some ways distinct from others. Many of these laws
have common sections and underlying guidelines. This could be because some societies decide to
retain certain aspects of their customs after breaking out of another society. It could also be the case
that over time different societies through trade and other intercultural activities developed together,
which caused them to have agreements in their laws. For many others, it is the case that they share a
common colonial master. The law and legal systems operating today are derivatives of the forms
listed above. Like many other nations today, the laws of ancient civilizations have affected Canadian
law. These include the Code of Hammurabi, the Mosaic law, Greek and Roman laws, the Magna
Carta and a few others. More recently are the civil and common law derived from the French and
British respectively. Canada did not always have a written constitution. The territory we now refer to
as Canada was once populated by the French and English colonial masters. These colonists extended
the laws of their home countries to their colonies. As the population of this territory grew and the
UK gained control of more colonies including those from the French, regional laws became a
necessity. Between the eighteenth

The Rights Of Aboriginal People In Canada
The acts regarding Aboriginal peoples is a third important aspect of the major terms and conditions
set in the constitution act (1867). Throughout the years, Canada has faced many issues regarding the
rights of Aboriginal People. "As colonization spread across North America, native peoples often
found themselves unwelcome in habitats of their own lands, and Europeans used a combination of
force and peaceful means (eg. treaties) to re–settle natives in reserved areas of land." (McCormack
& Bueckert, 2013). The harsh treatment directed towards the aboriginal people made their lives very
difficult. It's hard to imagine why the people who were in Canada before colonies started to form
would be kicked out of their own land. After many years of this

The Adaptive Nature Of Canada
The Adaptive Nature of Canada?s First People
The Canadian people have always prided themselves as champions of democracy and are
universally respected for their record on human rights. Although holistically this could be argued,
especially when compared to the United States and other Western states, the record concerning
Aboriginals, both past and present, has yet to live up to their self–set standard. Defined simply as
anyone who traces his/her ancestry back to pre–European colonization, there exist mass diversity
within its community. Although various political actors dispute the actual number of Aboriginals,
Statistics Canada reported in 2006 that 1,678,200 people indicated they were ethnically Aboriginal
or roughly 5.4 percent of the population (Statistics Canada: Population Counts). It has been the goal
of the Natives to regain sovereignty since it was stripped from them in the sixteenth century. Pushed
to the margins in all aspects of life from negligible political relevance in Ottawa to the isolation they
continue to experience on the remote reserves, the Aboriginal people have had their humanity
sapped continuously out of them, yet have never given up hope. The minute advances in the last
several decades? stand in stark contrast to repression experienced for centuries. Weathering an
intensely exploitive government, Aboriginals have endured unimaginable repression. It was not until
the passage of the Constitution Act, specifically the Charter of Rights and

Marsden's Analysis
Women now grow up in a community where their choices can be made by themselves. Women no
longer have to seek their father's or husband input. Still to this day we are treated in certain
circumstances as inferior to the male population (Marsden, 2012). Beside this women have come so
far because they no longer have no control over their choices, their choices are in their own hand
and they are able to do what they wish (Marsden, 2012). For example in class we have talked about
the electoral system (Heritz, 2016b). For the longest time only British born men 21 and over were
eligible to vote (Heritz, 2016b). Women fought peacefully to get their right to vote so that they could
have a say. This relates to Marsden's novel because she discusses ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The constitution act is a documents that implement the current rights and freedoms for society. The
constitution act from 1867 to 1982 ended up being completely different acts since society evolved so
much the constitution act had to evolve with it (Marsden, 2012). If one were to look at the
constitution act now in the 21st century and compare the differences from the first constitution act in
1867 several people would not believe that the act had changed that much over 150 years. The 1982
Canadian Charter of Human Right and Freedoms is considered to fall under the new and improved
constitution act of

Introduction:. Canada Was A Land Of Vast Distances And
Introduction:
Canada was a land of vast distances and rich natural resources, and became a hegemonic power in
1867, while maintaining relations with the British Crown. Economically and technically, the nation
has developed parallel to the United States, its neighbor to the south across the longest international
border in the world. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands to improve the
quality of health care, education, social services and economic competitiveness. Canada also aims to
develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment. (1)
1. Geography of Canada:
– Location: North North America, on the border with the North Atlantic from the east, the North
Pacific in the west, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(1)
– Capital Name: Ottawa.
Administrative Departments: [This entry generally includes administrative numbers, terms and
administrative sections of the first class, as approved by the US Geographical Names Council
(GAG), but reported but not yet observed changes are noted by geographical names. And special
characters] (1)
– National Holiday: Canada Day, July 1 (1867)
– Constitution of Canada: [composed of unwritten, written, customs, resolutions and traditions
dating back to 1763; the written part of the Constitution consists of the Constitution Act of 29 March
1867, which created a federation of four provinces and the Constitution Act of 17 April 1982; Many
amendments to the 1982 Constitution Act, the latest of which is 2011 (2016)]. (1)
– Legal system: [Public law system except Quebec, where civil law is based on French civil law].
(1)
– Participation of the International Law Organization: [Accepts the compulsory jurisdiction of the
International Court of Justice with reservations; accepts the jurisdiction of the International Criminal
Court]. (1)
– Rating: [18 years; universal] (1)
– Executive Authority:
Head of State: [Queen Elizabeth I (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor–General David
Johnston (since 1 October 2010) [1]
Prime Minister: Prime Minister Justin Pierre–James Tordio (Liberal Party) (since November 4,
2015)
The Council of Ministers: The Federal Ministry, which is usually chosen by the Prime Minister from
among its members in

Royal Proclamation Definition
Royal Proclamation – 1763
Following the defeat of France in the Seven Years War, the Treaty of Paris was signed. The treaty
stated that France would forfeit some of its territories to Britain. King George III issued the Royal
Proclamation in 1763 as a way of establishing government in North American territories formerly
ruled by France – these would include Quebec, Grenada, as well as East and West Florida. Under the
Jurisdiction of the Royal Proclamation, the Laws of England applied to all colonies:
"Statutes, and Ordinances for the Public Peace, Welfare, and good Government of our said Colonies,
and of the People and Inhabitants thereof, as near as may be agreeable to the Laws of England, and
under such Regulations and Restrictions as are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It meant that Canada could change its constitution without the involvement of British Parliament. It
received royal assent from Queen Elizabeth II on March 29th 1982 and severed all remaining legal
ties with Britain. Entrenched in the constitution was the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
The Charter ensured the protection of fundamental and language rights for Canadians across the
country; it also helped Canadians challenge government statutes that were found discriminatory. In
order for the Constitution to be amended, seven or two thirds of Canadian provinces, that make up at
least half of the nation's population, must agree – this is also known as the amending formula.
Meech Lake Accord – 1987
The Constitution Act was approved by all Canadian Provinces in 1981 with the exception of
Quebec. Nevertheless, the Constitution Act went through and legally bound Quebec as a province of
Canada. In 1987, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney introduced the Meech Lake Accord to amend the
Constitution. Mulroney hoped that it would entice Quebec into finally approving the Constitution of

Essay about Native Sovereignty
July 11th 1990, marked the beginning date of the Oka Crisis in Quebec Canada. It lasted until
September 26th 1990 resulting in one fatality of a local police officer. The violent clash was
triggered by something as simple as a golf course extension and as complicated as native burial
traditions. It had drawn world attention, catapulting native land rights into the mix. The Oka Crisis
is just one of many conflicts between the Aboriginals and the Canadian government. A major issue
that has been of much debate in the 20th century has been Native sovereignty. The demand sounds
simple, allow Aboriginals of Canada to govern themselves; however, coexisting with the Canadian
government makes this idea extremely complicated. Roger Townshend states ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Townshend describes how Aboriginals view the Canadian government as a foreign government.
Furthermore, Townshend disputes the process of assimilation, integrating Aboriginals to the modern
Canadian society. The solution is to create a third tier government that would work in cohesion with
the Federal and Provincial levels. Different levels of government and the "...sharing of jurisdictional
powers between government institutions is already part of the essence of the Canadian state,"
(Townshend 39). If Canada is able to increase globalization and trade agreements on an international
level, than Canada should not be so unwilling to share jurisdiction with an Aboriginal government.
Thomas Flanagan disapproves the idea of Native sovereignty ever coexisting with Canadian
sovereignty. Flanagan identifies the flaws in Townshend's arguments referring to them as a
theoretical approach and not a practical approach. It is true that the sharing of jurisdictional power is
the essence of the Canadian state but this cannot apply to the Aboriginals of Canada. One reason a
third level of government cannot work in Canada is "In the 10 provinces, Canada has over six
hundred Indian bands living on more than 2200 reserves, plus hundreds of thousands of Métis and
non–status Indians who do not possess reserves," (Flanagan 44). Flanagan draws the fact that "No
one has proposed a workable mechanism by which this far–flung archipelago could

Quebec 's Five Demands A Reasonable Request?
Akanksha Bhatnagar
Dr. Mark Blythe
POL S 225: Canadian Government
Due: 7 March 2016
Are Quebec's Five Demands a reasonable request?
The relationship between the Canadian government and Quebec has been in constant turmoil for
years. This paper will discuss and critique Quebec's five demands made in 1986 by the Liberal
government and their current implications. Reasonable demands are ones in which a limited amount
of asymmetrical federalism grants provincial sovereignty. Currently all provinces have certain
guaranteed rights, however Quebec's rights provide more autonomy. Quebec, though home to the
largest population of French speaking Canadians, have asked too much of the Government of
Canada. This is evident Quebec's increased control over immigration, Supreme Court Justices
appointment, and their veto on future constitutional negotiations. Conversely, the demand of
recognizing Quebec as a distinct society is however reasonable and has been accommodated into
Canadian society, and the ability to restrict federal spending power keeps the federal power in
check. In this essay, I will discuss each demand, and argue whether or not it is reasonable. The
Royal Proclamation of 1763 was Canada's first attempt at creating a nation. Along with establishing
the constitutional framework for Aboriginal Treaty negotiations, it additionally defined the new
territory of the Province of Quebec. Residents of this province were forbidden from entering the
western territories (Indian

Aspects Of An Act For The Gradual Civilization Of Indian...
Final Exam 2015
Question 1
Aspects of An Act to Encourage the Gradual Civilization of Indian Tribes in this Province, and to
amend the Laws Relating to Indians, 1857 include:
– Applied equally to Upper and Lower Canada;
– Referred to as the Gradual Civilization Act, this statute was the first to introduce the concept of
enfranchisement – the process by which Indian people lost their Indian status and became full
British subjects;
– Intent was to remove all legal distinctions between Indians and non–Indians.
– Only Indian men could seek enfranchisement: 1) had to be over the age of 21 2) Able to read and
write in either English or French 3) Free of debt
4) Of good moral character as determined by a commission of non–Aboriginal ... Show more
 Indian women were excluded from voting for band chiefs and councils
 prohibited the sale of alcohol
 Instituted compulsory enfranchisement by stating Indian women who married non–Aboriginal
men automatically lost their Indian status, and any children resulting from the marriage would also
be denied Indian status.
As with all of the Acts discussed so far, these points were subject to confirmation by the
government. This is another example of attempts to eradicate Indian people and their culture and to
assimilate into a "civilized" world. It was the goal of the government that this Act would speed up
assimilation by eliminating tribal systems. These Acts were designed to break down tribal forms of
government on the grounds they were irresponsible.
The purpose of the Indian Act, 1876 was to consolidate earlier Acts into one piece of legislation that
provided a national framework. This was to assist in the assimilation and civilization of Indians
across Canada. The Act provided government with the power to impose an elected band council
system and establish rules respecting the operation of

Similarities Between Canada And Canada
When it comes to certain qualities and attributes of the United States of America and Canada, many
people residing elsewhere fail to tell the difference. The accents of people from certain parts of both
countries, for instance, are so incredibly indistinguishable that they baffle any and everyone. Besides
this one factor, they even share some comparable cultural characteristics, such as driving on the
right side of the road and cherishing the same basic human rights to the utmost importance.
Likewise, there are several similarities between multiple aspects of the countries' respective
governments, including within their individual established frameworks, political systems, and their
divisions of authorities and duties. These could potentially point out a reason as to why Canada and
the United States are immensely successful in their particular objectives, and are on their paths to
achieving their long–term goals with difficult to accomplish, yet beneficial visions. After all, they
are both either on the way to becoming or currently are two of world's leading superpowers
(Financial Post). However, there is not just one particular infallible way to rule a country and push it
to further advancement simultaneously. In fact, each country works and functions differently, which
is primarily due to individual background and history. Ultimately, although Canada and the United
States of America are both nations that share similarities in various parts of their Constitutions,
political

The Compact Theory And Its Impact On The Federal And...
The Compact Theory, which mostly designed by Québec Nationalist, indeed, has been the impact on
the federal and provincial relations. Prior to 1867 constitutions, there was not a central or federal
government; it was only English and French speaking people in Canada. In other word, the 1867
was basically an agreement between English and French people in Canada. Provincial rights and
federal–provincial relations has also many conflicts which began very early after the 1867
Constitutions. The provincial rights and provincial independents are few conflicts between the
provinces and the federal government; Québec in particular plays a role, because it's a homeland of
francophone, and delivers the most impact on the relationship between Canada ... Show more
This is a country of different nations and each nation allowed a different territory. Under the BNA
Act those expansive matters fittingly treated nationally, like defence and post office, were under the
federal government, while controls over property, local issues, districts, and most private law
matters went to the provinces. The setting of the constitution was a hierarchy system from the
colonial office to provincial legislatures . The compact theory lets us believe, that the provincial
legislature were the privilege voice and the means of the expression of the people of those
provinces. The federal government does not represent a voice of Ontarian or people of Québec.
Most Canadian, believe that provinces represent more closely the interest of each their own people
than the federal government does.
The founder of BNAAct created two levels of governments out of political expediency, as a
political convenience. They could not have two countries, but rather, they could have two levels of
government instead. The problem is that by creating two levels of government, the British did not
realize that they are going to give an objective, tangible structure that can be the base of compact
theory. After Confederation, Québec premiers Honoré Mercier and Oliver Mowat allied to "built the
strongest record of provincial rights advocacy" . Both premiers advocated for "compact theory"
which compared the BNAAct to a settlement that could be changed only by the unanimous assent

British Influence In Canadian Government

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Nicole Gomez

More from Nicole Gomez (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

British Influence In Canadian Government