The Aztec civilization originated in Mexico. They built the large city of Tenochtitlan on swampy land in the mountains. The Aztecs believed they were the center of the world according to their gods. They had a complex polytheistic religion and practiced human sacrifice to appease the gods. The Aztec empire expanded through both trade and conquest of neighboring cities and territories. They collected tributes including cocoa beans, which they used to make a popular chocolate drink.
erican cultures. Between A.D. 1345 and 1521, the Aztecs forged an empire over much of the central Mexican highlands. ... The Nahuatl speaking peoples began as poor hunter-gatherers in northern Mexico, in a place known to them as Aztlan.
A description of the Aztec Civilisation, suitable for Year 9 History students. It contains: the Aztec empire, etymology, government, central administration, Templo Mayor, Aztec culture, Spanish conquest, the tribute, mythology and religion, transport, human sacrifices, social classes, education, art, the capital city, the legacy.
erican cultures. Between A.D. 1345 and 1521, the Aztecs forged an empire over much of the central Mexican highlands. ... The Nahuatl speaking peoples began as poor hunter-gatherers in northern Mexico, in a place known to them as Aztlan.
A description of the Aztec Civilisation, suitable for Year 9 History students. It contains: the Aztec empire, etymology, government, central administration, Templo Mayor, Aztec culture, Spanish conquest, the tribute, mythology and religion, transport, human sacrifices, social classes, education, art, the capital city, the legacy.
Civilizations in Mesoamerica rose and fell repeatedly, leaving behind a distinctive worldview and some mysteries.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
The Aztec /ˈæztɛk/[1] people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries. The Nahuatl words aztecatl [as'tekat͡ɬ] (singular)[2] and aztecah [as'tekaʔ] (plural)[2] mean "people from Aztlan",[3] a mythological place for the Nahuatl-speaking culture of the time, and later adopted as the word to define the Mexica people. Often the term "Aztec" refers exclusively to the Mexica people of Tenochtitlan (now the location of Mexico City), situated on an island in Lake Texcoco, who referred to themselves as Mexica Tenochca [me'ʃika te'not͡ʃka] or Cōlhuah Mexica [koːlwaʔ me'ʃika].
Sometimes the term also includes the inhabitants of Tenochtitlan's two principal allied city-states, the Acolhuas of Texcoco and the Tepanecs of Tlacopan, who together with the Mexica formed the Aztec Triple Alliance which controlled what is often known as "the Aztec Empire". In other contexts, Aztec may refer to all the various city states and their peoples, who shared large parts of their ethnic history and cultural traits with the Mexica, Acolhua and Tepanecs, and who often also used the Nahuatl language as a lingua franca. In this meaning it is possible to talk about an Aztec civilization including all the particular cultural patterns common for most of the peoples inhabiting Central Mexico in the late postclassic period.
From the 13th century, the Valley of Mexico was the heart of Aztec civilization: here the capital of the Aztec Triple Alliance, the city of Tenochtitlan, was built upon raised islets in Lake Texcoco. The Triple Alliance formed a tributary empire expanding its political hegemony far beyond the Valley of Mexico, conquering other city states throughout Mesoamerica. At its pinnacle, Aztec culture had rich and complex mythological and religious traditions, as well as reaching remarkable architectural and artistic accomplishments. In 1521 Hernán Cortés, along with a large number of Nahuatl speaking indigenous allies, conquered Tenochtitlan and defeated the Aztec Triple Alliance under the leadership of Hueyi Tlatoani Moctezuma II. Subsequently the Spanish founded the new settlement of Mexico City on the site of the ruined Aztec capital, from where they proceeded with the process of colonizing Central America.
Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City; from indigenous bark paper codices; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors such as Hernán Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo; and especially from 16th and 17th century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous Florentine Codex compiled by the Franciscan monk Bernardino de Sahagún with the help of indigenous Aztec informants.
he Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages. Generally described as taking place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art.
Civilizations in Mesoamerica rose and fell repeatedly, leaving behind a distinctive worldview and some mysteries.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
The Aztec /ˈæztɛk/[1] people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries. The Nahuatl words aztecatl [as'tekat͡ɬ] (singular)[2] and aztecah [as'tekaʔ] (plural)[2] mean "people from Aztlan",[3] a mythological place for the Nahuatl-speaking culture of the time, and later adopted as the word to define the Mexica people. Often the term "Aztec" refers exclusively to the Mexica people of Tenochtitlan (now the location of Mexico City), situated on an island in Lake Texcoco, who referred to themselves as Mexica Tenochca [me'ʃika te'not͡ʃka] or Cōlhuah Mexica [koːlwaʔ me'ʃika].
Sometimes the term also includes the inhabitants of Tenochtitlan's two principal allied city-states, the Acolhuas of Texcoco and the Tepanecs of Tlacopan, who together with the Mexica formed the Aztec Triple Alliance which controlled what is often known as "the Aztec Empire". In other contexts, Aztec may refer to all the various city states and their peoples, who shared large parts of their ethnic history and cultural traits with the Mexica, Acolhua and Tepanecs, and who often also used the Nahuatl language as a lingua franca. In this meaning it is possible to talk about an Aztec civilization including all the particular cultural patterns common for most of the peoples inhabiting Central Mexico in the late postclassic period.
From the 13th century, the Valley of Mexico was the heart of Aztec civilization: here the capital of the Aztec Triple Alliance, the city of Tenochtitlan, was built upon raised islets in Lake Texcoco. The Triple Alliance formed a tributary empire expanding its political hegemony far beyond the Valley of Mexico, conquering other city states throughout Mesoamerica. At its pinnacle, Aztec culture had rich and complex mythological and religious traditions, as well as reaching remarkable architectural and artistic accomplishments. In 1521 Hernán Cortés, along with a large number of Nahuatl speaking indigenous allies, conquered Tenochtitlan and defeated the Aztec Triple Alliance under the leadership of Hueyi Tlatoani Moctezuma II. Subsequently the Spanish founded the new settlement of Mexico City on the site of the ruined Aztec capital, from where they proceeded with the process of colonizing Central America.
Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City; from indigenous bark paper codices; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors such as Hernán Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo; and especially from 16th and 17th century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous Florentine Codex compiled by the Franciscan monk Bernardino de Sahagún with the help of indigenous Aztec informants.
he Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages. Generally described as taking place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. Who are the People of the Sun?
Who are we?
In what ways do a group’s beliefs and
experiences contribute to their identity?
– Traditions
– Food
– Celebrations
– Christmas
– Moving
3. Who are the People of the Sun?
What do you know about them?
Where are they from?
www.partt.org/ mexican_flag.html
4. Geography
Can you imagine an Alberta without
mountains?
Without oil?
What would our culture be like?
5. What did the Aztecs do?
They left their old home and came to a
completely new one
They built in the mountains on very
swampy land
Mexico City (Tenochtitlan) is sinking
now because of the land and human
error
What else is sinking?
8. Mexico City is sinking!
Mid century: 48 cm per a year!
Currently, 2.5 cm per a year on average
Since 1900, it has sunk 9 meters! That’s a 3
storey building
Natural springs under city were exhausted,
the soil collapsed because the aquifer under
the city was drained faster than it was filled
Subway system built in the 1960’s is now
more like a roller coaster track
9. Aqueducts
Needed to bring fresh water into the
city for the Aztecs to survive
Built aqueducts
These were also used in Ancient Rome
Google.com
10. Elevation
Edmonton is 668 M above sea level
Tenochtitlan is 2240 M above sea level
– How could this affect their living?
Flash floods
Violent weather
What else?
Built a dam to avoid flash flooding
Terraced their fields, which kept water
from running off and made use of
space
11. Agriculture
Chinampa: “Floating islands”
– In the mountains
– Stakes were put into soil
– Then reed mats were stacked on top and
soil was piled on top of that until it became
a mini farm. Trees were planted in the
corners to anchor it in place
– Then they planted flowers and vegetables
Corn, chili peppers, squash, beans, tomatos
12. Make a table: Break into groups of 3
Aztec Canada
Maps and map
making
War and
empire
Agriculture
Trade
13. What did you come up with?
Aztec Canada
Maps and map - Believed they were
center of world
- North on maps, 2nd
biggest country in
making world
War and - Location allowed
them to defeat
- Canada has
challenges with a long
empire neighbours undefended coastline
- Spanish made - During Cold War,
alliance with Aztec’s between USA and
neighbors Soviet Union
Agriculture - Location allowed
them to produce
- Vast agricultural
lands allowed massive
surplus foods agricultural sector
Trade - Trade both - Connected to Atlantic
necessitated and made and Pacific
possible by limited
range of food and
goods available
14. The Sacred Landscape
Aztec gods
– Believed the gods controlled all aspects of
their lives
– Looked at them for how to live
– Four main gods
– There was over 100 gods
– Polytheistic society
15. Huitzilopochtli
Pronounced “whets-eel-oh-POCH-tlee”
– He encouraged the Aztecs to leave their
homeland and settle in the valley of
Mexico
– The sign he gave them was an eagle
perched on a cactus (flag of Mexico)
– He needs the blood of sacrificial victims to
give him strength
– Battled with Tezcatlipoca
17. Tezcatlipoca
Pronounced “Tez-cah-tlee-POH-kah”
– Considered most powerful of the gods
– Saw visions of the future
– Ruler of the night sky
– Often involved in creation myths
– In a constant struggle with Huitz
– Main temple in Tenochtitlan was for him
19. Quetzalcoatl
Pronounced “ket-zal-COH-ahtl”
– God of wind
– “Feathered serpent”
– Was to come back in the year “One-reed”
and this year would be the destruction of
the Aztec Empire
– God of priests
21. Tlaloc
Pronounced “TLAH-lzok”
– God of rain
– Unleashed the floods or cause droughts
– Gave life and substance, but could
destroy it easily with weather
– Needed to keep him happy so they could
survive
23. Human Sacrifice
Why?
– To the Aztecs, killing another person as a
sacrifice was an honor
– The victim’s blood nourished the gods and
appeased them, without it, they would get angry
or die: World would end!
– From 1446-1453: numerous natural disasters
affected the people (droughts, early frosts,
floods, etc)
Aztecs were starving, emigrated from Mexico, sold their
children, anything to get food
Tlacaelel (ruler at time) announced that human sacrifice
would save them. In 1453, abundant rain followed.
24. Tenochtitlan: Centre of the World
Like many ancient philosophers: the
earth was believed to be a round flat
disc
– In the very middle, sat Tenochtitlan,
courtesy of the Aztec gods
– In four sections: connected to mainland by
three large causeways
– Acqueducts and canals ran through it
– Did not require animals for transport
– Sat in the mountains, because they
believed it was closer to the gods
25. Tenochtitlan: Center of the World
In the center of the city was the Great
Temple
– Dedicated to Tlaloc and Huitzilopochtli
– Wealth came into city because of wars
and tributes from neighbouring cities
26. Expanding the Empire
The Aztecs had an attitude
– Attitude to other cultures that is
– Believed they were centre of the world, so
they came into conflicts
– Very disciplined, independent, and
resourceful
– Used conquering through war and trade to
expand their empire
27. Expanding through trade
Why would the Aztecs need to trade?
– Haven’t we seen their superior farming methods?
– Think about what you eat on a daily basis and
what you like to eat as a luxury
Tenochtitlan was high in the mountains,
2000 metres above sea level
– Even with their skills, they could not produce
avocados, papayas, and cacao to name a few.
These grew by the coast, something they didn’t
have
– Nor did they have their colorful birds, gold or
silver
28. Expanding through trade
Needed to trade!
– Took hundreds of slaves with them on
trading expeditions to carry everything
back
– Could be gone for months!
– Also acted as spies, drawing maps of
cities that could be conquered
– Helped to expand
Page 166: FastForward
30. Expanding through war
Huitzilopochtil ancient prophecy:
– “We shall conquer all the people in the
universe. I will make you lords and kings
of every place in the world.”
– By the time the Spanish came, the Aztecs
had an empire larger than any other in
North America
– Their society was more important than the
individual in it.
– FOR THE GREATER GOOD!
31. Expanding through war
Warrior society
– Prepared from birth to be warriors (boys)
– Compulsory service in military
– Lack of courage threatened the state, it
was unacceptable
What is conscription?
– Military Act 1917 in Canada
– 1944: Conscription if necessary, but not
necessarily conscription (Mackenzie King)
32. Expanding through war
Are young Canadians willing to die for
Canada in a war?
How do Canadians respond when
Canadian peacekeepers are killed
while carrying out UN duties?
Would young Canadians consider it an
honour to die as a human sacrifice
meant to appease a violent god?
33. Tribute
Collected tributes from conquered groups
– Gifts, taxes, food, etc.
– Cotton blankets, strings of jade beans, cocoa
beans
Cocoa beans were very important
– Made a drink from it with chili peppers
– Used as currency
– Would grind it to a paste, then mix with water:
called “xocoatl”--> Spanish changed it to
chocolate, which they brought back to Europe
