The presentation summarizes the fall of the Aztec Empire, which was originally called the Mexica. It discusses how Hernan Cortes and the Spanish conquistadors were able to defeat the Aztec Empire through military advantages like guns and horses, exploiting Aztec religious beliefs that they were gods, and unwittingly spreading diseases that killed many Aztecs. Key factors in the empire's fall included human sacrifices that alienated neighbors, inability to kill Spanish invaders due to religious reasons, and a smallpox epidemic that killed approximately 25% of the Aztec population.