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Chinese Sustainable Development Focus on Energy Khairul Anam MIDP,GSIS,SNU
Contents: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1. Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],China has world largest population with fast growing economies. Over the next ten years rate of urbanisation and manufacturing  sector will continue to dominate the economy.  These factors clearly presage China’s continuing requirement for large quantities of energy for the foreseeable future.
Introduction Energy Use Increasing more than GDP
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Introduction: Some Energy Facts of China
2.  Energy Indicators-China’s position in world. Chinese Population share to world: 20.18%,  GDP share to world :  6.13% Energy Production share to world   : 14.82%
Energy Use in China ,[object Object]
China’s Total Energy Production & Consumption Source: China Statistical Year Book 2008
Source of Energy :  Production Dynamics Source: Data from China Statistical Year Book 2008
China’s Energy Production Source:  Coal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
China’s Energy Production Source:  Oil ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: World Energy Outlook 2008
China’s Energy Production Source   ,[object Object],[object Object],Nuclear ,[object Object],[object Object],Natural Gas
China’s Energy Production Source: Hydro-power ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Electricity Production China’s electricity generation at 82.1% from thermal plants, 15.4% from hydro, 2.3% nuclear and 0.1% from solar, wind etc.
Energy Consumption Efficiency of China Energy Intensity of different economies  The graph shows the amount of energy it takes to produce a US $ of GNP for selected countries. GNP is based on 2004 purchasing power parity and 2000 dollars adjusted for inflation.  China ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chinese High Growth and its Sustainability   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Yes. If it is possible for Japan, then 4 NIEs. And why not the Chinese –first from Hong Kong, then Taiwan and now main land.
3. Chinese High Growth and its Sustainability Table: China & East Asian Economic Performance  Source: EID database Ref: Wong. J. Interpreting China’s Development, East Asian Institution, NUS,2007  By putting china’s economy in this context we can easily say to support long term growth prospect>  China has been one of the ‘Flaying Geese’.   Japan had historically over 25 yrs of high growth while NIEs had 30 yrs. China’s present run of growth cover only 25 yrs and it can easily continue for an another decade or more. In fact china’s economy is much larger and more diverse.  Considering pattern of EAE growth it is not over–optimistic to say that china has the ability to sustain its high growth. 6.9 6.4 2.8 7.4 6.7 8.3 8.8 107 24,220 Singapore 6.4 7.3 3.2 3.8 6.9 9.3 10 163 26,810 Hong Kong 4.3 4.1 3.3 5.7 7.9 9.7 9.2 321 14,033 Taiwan 5.2 4 4.7 5.7 8.9 10.1 8.6 680 13,980 South Korea NIEs 6.4 2.7 1.3 1.3 4.1 4.3 10.9 4,623 37,180 Japan 10.7 10.2 9.2 9.7 10.3 5.5 5.2 1,930 1,290 China 2006 2005 2000-2004 1990-2001 1980-1990 1970-1980 1960-1970 2004 2004   Growth of GDP (%) Total GDP (US$ bn) GNP per capita (US$)  
4. Challenges to fix Growth Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Income inequalities to rural-urban disparities
China need to Fix many Growth Problem ,[object Object],China’s environmental degradation  from water to air pollution has  become very serious. Most by–product not created  ……so called ’negative externalities. China’s environmental problems are result of its: - mammoth scale of industrialisation at high speed - govt.’s  pro-growth policy  with weak regulation-  ‘develop fist ,clean up later’
Environmental Issues and Energy use pattern in China Top Ten polluter countries in 2004 by CO2 emissions   In 2006   1. China: 6017  million MT 2. US: 5902  million MT ,[object Object],By 2030 it could be reached 25% of global emission. 1.7 % 449,948   Italy 10 1.7 % 465,643   South Korea 9 2.2 % 587,261   United Kingdom 8 2.3 % 639,403   Canada 7 3.1 % 860,522   Germany 6 4.6 % 1,257,963   Japan 5 4.9 % 1,342,962   India 4 5.6 % 1,524,993   Russia 3 14.7 % 4,001,222   European Union - 18.4 %  5,010,170   China 2 22.2 %  6,049,435   United State 1 % of world’s total emission Annual CO2 emission (in thousand MT) Country Rank
5. Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object]
References: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],THANK YOU !

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Chinese Sustainable Development : Focus on Energy

  • 1. Chinese Sustainable Development Focus on Energy Khairul Anam MIDP,GSIS,SNU
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. Introduction Energy Use Increasing more than GDP
  • 5.
  • 6. 2. Energy Indicators-China’s position in world. Chinese Population share to world: 20.18%, GDP share to world : 6.13% Energy Production share to world : 14.82%
  • 7.
  • 8. China’s Total Energy Production & Consumption Source: China Statistical Year Book 2008
  • 9. Source of Energy : Production Dynamics Source: Data from China Statistical Year Book 2008
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Electricity Production China’s electricity generation at 82.1% from thermal plants, 15.4% from hydro, 2.3% nuclear and 0.1% from solar, wind etc.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. 3. Chinese High Growth and its Sustainability Table: China & East Asian Economic Performance Source: EID database Ref: Wong. J. Interpreting China’s Development, East Asian Institution, NUS,2007 By putting china’s economy in this context we can easily say to support long term growth prospect> China has been one of the ‘Flaying Geese’. Japan had historically over 25 yrs of high growth while NIEs had 30 yrs. China’s present run of growth cover only 25 yrs and it can easily continue for an another decade or more. In fact china’s economy is much larger and more diverse. Considering pattern of EAE growth it is not over–optimistic to say that china has the ability to sustain its high growth. 6.9 6.4 2.8 7.4 6.7 8.3 8.8 107 24,220 Singapore 6.4 7.3 3.2 3.8 6.9 9.3 10 163 26,810 Hong Kong 4.3 4.1 3.3 5.7 7.9 9.7 9.2 321 14,033 Taiwan 5.2 4 4.7 5.7 8.9 10.1 8.6 680 13,980 South Korea NIEs 6.4 2.7 1.3 1.3 4.1 4.3 10.9 4,623 37,180 Japan 10.7 10.2 9.2 9.7 10.3 5.5 5.2 1,930 1,290 China 2006 2005 2000-2004 1990-2001 1980-1990 1970-1980 1960-1970 2004 2004   Growth of GDP (%) Total GDP (US$ bn) GNP per capita (US$)  
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.

Editor's Notes

  1. While increase in energy use has been considerably lower than growth in GDP during the last 20 years, it now exceeds GDP growth.