The document discusses the Chinese language as the second international language, highlighting its history, culture, and complexity compared to English. It covers key features of Mandarin Chinese, such as its logographic and tonal nature, and presents a case study of a student named Hu Xuan who experiences challenges in English pronunciation and grammar due to her Mandarin background. Comparisons between Mandarin and English are made, emphasizing differences in language structure and acquisition difficulties.

2. CHINESE LANGUAGE
CHINESE : THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE

3. MAIN CONTENTS
 Intro of Chinese
 Chinese Culture
 Comparison
 Global Language

4. SUB CONTENTS
 History/Background
 Dialect
 Chinese Day
 Difficult Language

5. WHAT IS LANGUAGE ?

6. HISTORY/BACKGROUND
 Oldest Written Language
 Chinese Characters
 Modifications

7. DIALECTS
 Mandarin
 Wu
 Gan
 Xiang
 Hakka
 Yue

9. CHINESE DAY
 12 November, 2010
 20 April, 2011

10. DIFFICULT LANGUAGE
 Business
 English Speakers

11. CHINESE CULTURE

12. WHAT IS CULTURE?
• Culture–ways of living, built up by a group of human
beings, that are transmitted from one generation to
another
• Through social institutions---family, educational, religious
and business institutions
• A society is a group of people who share a common set of
values and norms
• Culture has both conscious and unconscious values, ideas,
attitudes, and symbols
4-12

13. CHINESE CULTURE
Chinese culture is a set of core values
that underlies social interaction among
the ordinary Chinese people and
remains relatively stable over long
period of time.

14. Handling Problem

15. ANGER MANAGEMENT

16. Way of thingking Expressing Opinions

17. A Language Comparison
English and Mandarin Chinese

18. KEY FEATURES OF MANDARIN CHINESE
 It is a logographic language. It uses symbols to convey meaning.
 It is a tonal language.
 There are no consonant blends.
 Tense changes are not marked inflectionally.
 Word order is very important in determining meaning.
 There are no definite or indefinite articles.

19. Comparisons with English
English Mandarin
Phoneme-based Morpheme-based
Some syllables unstressed. All syllables stressed.
Tense indicated by inflectional
change.
Tense indicated by adverbs, not
by inflectional markers.
Nouns modified to indicate
number.
Nouns not modified to indicate
number.
Interrogatives found at the
beginning of a question.
Interrogatives found mid-
sentence.
Part of speech is assigned. Part of speech depends on its
position in the sentence.
Many prepositions. Few prepositions.
Passive indicates formality or
objectivity.
Passive indicates unfavorable
meaning.
Read from left to right. Read from right to left.

21. How does Mandarin impact the acquisition of English?
 Mandarin speakers are accustomed to symbols so they will likely
acquire vocabulary quickly when it is paired with visuals.
 Pronunciation will be difficult due to English’s unstressed syllables,
voiced and voiceless consonants, and consonant blends.
 Speakers will be able to respond to yes/no questions but will need
time to learn how to ask WH- questions.

22. Hu Xuan
A case study
 9th grade student at Wilson High School
 Arrived in the United States in March, 2011
 Spends her mornings in the ESL room and attends core academic
classes in the afternoon.

23. Observations
 Hu Xuan struggled with the pronunciation of consonant blends
such as ‘husband’ and ‘businesswoman’.
 Hu Xuan’s pronunciation was very staccato.
 Subject/verb agreement is still developing.
 Hu Xuan is aware that gerunds and infinitives exist in English, but
she is still mastering their usage.
 Articles are frequently omitted. Preposition selection is inconsistent
 Orthographic skills are still developing.

25. BASIC ENGLISH SENTENCES TO CHINESE LANGUAGE