FA 210 Art of the World Exploration of early Chinese history, particularly as told through the story of grave goods.

1. Grave Goods:
Grave
goods
are
items
buried
along
with
the
body
of
a
dead
person.
They
are
usually
personal
possessions
and/or
supplies
to
smooth
the
deceased's
journey
into
the
a;erlife
or
offerings
to
the
gods.
While
o;en
real
objects
of
daily
use
were
supplied
to
the
deceased,
smaller
models
of
objects
(like
a
house
or
even
a
servant)
could
be
subsCtuted.
Tomb
of
Lady
Fu
Hao,
Ca.
1200
BCE

2. Chinese burials

3. • Neolithic
ceramics
found
in
Yanghai
tombs
• Ca.
2700
–
3000
BCE
• Also
found:
cannabis

4. • In
ancient
Cmes,
slaves,
servants,
animals
and
family
members
might
also
be
killed
to
join
the
deceased.
Beifudi
Neolithic
Burial
Site,
Ca.
6000
BCE

6. Chu His's Family Rituals
Master
Cheng
(1033
-­‐
1107)
said,
'Divining
a
tomb
site
is
aimed
at
discovering
the
excellence
of
the
land….When
the
land
is
excellent,
the
spirits
will
be
comfortable
and
the
descendants
will
flourish;
the
principle
is
the
same
as
the
branches
and
leaves
of
a
plant
flourishing
when
earth
is
banked
around
the
roots.
When
the
land
is
bad
the
contrary
occurs.
But
what
is
meant
by
excellence
of
land?
It
is
land
that
is
bright
and
moist;
a
flourishing
growth
of
plants
and
trees
is
the
evidence….
'Nevertheless
there
are
five
problems
one
must
give
aOenPon
in
picking
a
burial
site.
One
must
see
that
the
spot
will
never
be
made
into
a
road,
a
city
wall,
or
a
ditch;
that
it
will
not
be
seized
by
the
high-­‐ranking
or
powerful;
and
that
it
will
never
be
culPvated.

7. • "Carve
wood
to
make
carts
and
horses,
male
and
female
servants,
and
all
the
things
needed
to
care
of
the
deceased.
The
objects
should
resemble
those
used
in
real
life
but
be
smaller.
According
to
the
law,
those
with
rank
five
or
six
offices
can
have
thirty
objects;
those
with
rank
seven
or
eight
offices,
twenty
objects;
and
those
who
have
not
reached
court
posts,
fiXeen
objects.
• Prepare
the
lower-­‐world
furnishings.
This
refers
to
the
bed
curtains,
cushions,
armrests,
tables
and
the
like.
These
should
also
resemble
those
used
in
life
but
be
smaller.

8. Early Chinese burial practices
• StarCng
in
Neolithic
Cmes
(ca.
5000
BC)
to
about
the
end
of
the
Ming
dynasty
in
1644,
Chinese
people
buried
grave
goods
with
bodies.
Ritual
object,
Neolithic
period,
2700
–
2500
BCE
Placed
above
head,
below
feet
and
on
chest
of
Deceased.
Bronze
Wine
Jar,
Tomb
of
Fu
Hao

9. Horse and
Rider, Han
Dynasty, ca.
180 BCE
• While
o;en
real
objects
of
daily
use
were
supplied
to
the
deceased,
smaller
models
of
objects
(like
a
house
or
even
a
servant)
could
be
subsCtuted.

10. • By
the
Cme
of
the
Han
dynasty
(ca.
200
BCE),
models
of
important
items
were
included
in
burials.

11. Tomb
Guardian,
ca. 550 AD

12. Female horse rider, Tang Dynasty, ca.
750 AD

14. Han Dynasty soldiers

16. • Han,
Tang,
Wei
Dynasty
grave
goods

17. The Terracotta Army
• NOTHING
compares
to
the
burial
tomb
of
the
First
Emperor
of
China,
Qin
Shi
Huang
• Ca.
250
–
290
BCE
(Qin
Dynasty)
• Discovered
1974
by
farmer
digging
a
well
• Major
necropolis
containing
>
8,000
soldiers,
130
chariots
with
520
horses
and
150
cavalry
horses,
plus
other
figures
• Tomb
itself
is
the
size
of
a
soccer
field,
remains
unopened
due
to
concerns
about
preservaCon.

18. • Details
of
soldiers

19. hfps://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=LAPRJVeiDbQ