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China and India have experienced tremendous economic growth over recent decades, with China's growth averaging around 10% annually from the 1980s-1990s and India around 6%. This has made China the world's second largest economy and India the fourth largest. Both countries still have a large percentage of their populations working in agriculture, suggesting potential for continued growth as more shift to industry and services. China attracts more foreign direct investment and has specially created economic zones to encourage this. Both nations' growth is increasing demand for imports and allowing them to expand their shares of global exports in industries like textiles, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals.
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This document compares the economies of India and China. It outlines that India has a mixed economy with essential foreign trade and investment, while China has a planned economy with restrictions on private business. China's economic reforms began in 1978 and it has experienced 9.5% average annual growth, focused on manufacturing. India's reforms began in 1994 and its growth has been 6% on average annually, focused more on services and IT. Both countries still face economic challenges including poverty, unemployment, and infrastructure issues.
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- China has experienced much faster GDP growth than India over the past 25 years, averaging around 9.8% annually compared to 5-6% in India. This is due to China's higher investment rates, larger inflows of foreign direct investment, and greater investment in infrastructure.
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- While India has strengths in some service sectors like IT and banking, China leads in most other areas such as manufacturing, trade, employment growth in agriculture and industry,
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Business opportunities in india
This document discusses business opportunities in various sectors in India. It highlights that India has a large consumer market and growing middle class, as well as abundant natural resources. The key sectors outlined as having potential for investment are FMCG, pharmaceuticals, retail, agriculture, real estate, telecom, and cement. Each sector is growing rapidly due to India's large population and economy. For example, the FMCG, pharmaceutical, and retail sectors are benefiting from a growing consumer class, while infrastructure development is driving growth in the cement industry. Overall, the document promotes India as a profitable location for business investment and expansion across many industries.
Agricutural economy in india
Just a start-up kit . I have just entered into analysis . Actually the presentation is short of points that validates the current scenario but you can go for a study of declining agricultural population around 2000-2005.
Aec511
Major developmental issues in India include low per capita income, unequal income distribution, poor quality of human capital, heavy dependence on agriculture, high inflation rates, lack of infrastructure, slow capital formation, corruption, high population pressure, low levels of technology, lack of access to basic amenities, illiteracy, and underutilization of natural resources. Unemployment and inequality are also significant problems. India has high levels of gender, caste, religious, ethnic, and economic inequality that restrict access to opportunities and resources for many groups.
Indian economic growth focusing on sectoral growth
This is a presentation summarizing and analysing the economic growth in India pre and post-independence from a sectoral growth standpoint.
Impact of globalisation on indian economy
Globalization has increased integration of the Indian economy with the global economy since the early 1990s. Major reforms opened many sectors to foreign investment and made the economy more market-oriented. These changes fueled rapid economic growth that accelerated India's rise as a global economic power. However, challenges remain in sustaining high growth, reducing poverty and inequality, and creating enough jobs to absorb new entrants to the workforce.
India shining
The document summarizes India's economic development over time. It notes that India will become the 3rd largest economy in the world by 2032 according to Goldman Sachs projections. India adopted socialist policies from 1947-1991, which led to slow growth. After adopting liberalization, privatization, and globalization policies in 1991, India's economy grew significantly faster. Major industries now include services, telecommunications, pharmaceuticals, and information technology.
Similar to China indiaiee3 (20)
Impact of China's slow growth in GDP towards other countries
Impact of China's slow growth in GDP towards other countries
Indian economic growth focusing on sectoral growth
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The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
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原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...
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Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
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Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Climate Change All over the World .pptx
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
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All about wildlife, if you are fond of animals and wildlife then do follow us for more content like this
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
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Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
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Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
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The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Recycling and Disposal on SWM Raymond Einyu pptx
Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
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China indiaiee3
- 1. Chinaand India China and India International Economic Environment
- 2. Chinaand India A tremendous growth • China’s growth from 1980s to 1990s was an average of 10,3% a year • India grew 5,7% a year in the same period • From 1990 to 2004 china grew 10,6% to 9,4% while India grew from 6% to 6,7% • Only Vietnam had known a superior growth during this period which was sustained • It is expected that these growth rates should be maintained until 2008 •
- 3. Chinaand India GDP and GNI • GNI = Gross national product • GDP = Gross domestic product • PPP= Purchasing power parity • China’s GNI (PPP)= 7,6 trillion dollars in 2004 • India’s GNI (PPP)=3,4 trillion dollars in 2004 • USA’s GNI = 11,7 trillion dollars • China is considered to be the second larges economy of the world • India is considered to be the fourth largest economy in the world after China and Japan
- 4. Chinaand India Evolution of GNI • India’s share of world exchange rised from 4,3% in 1990 to 5,8% in 2004 • India’s growth during 2003 and 2004 represents 1/5th of Asian growth and 1/10th of world growth • While China’s growth reprsents 53% of Asian’s growth and 28% of world growth
- 5. Chinaand India China nowadays • The share of international trade wihin the chinese economy = 65% in 2004 and 70% in 2006 • China’s potentials workers (15-59) = 67,7% in 2005 • However china has adopted the 1 child policy since 1979 • Saving rate =42% GDP • Investment rate = 39% GDP • Expected growth to diminish • More than 50% of the population is working in agricultural field and rural activities • The expected decrease in growh is questionned because there is a potential intersectoral move
- 6. Chinaand India India nowadays • India demographics is similar to Chinese • However no one child policy • Some states have achieved the demographic transition • Share of 15 to 59 is expected to rise • A very large part of the population is still working in the agriculture • Great potential in intersectoral shift • India’s saving and investment = 30% GDP and forecasted to increase
- 7. Chinaand India Comparision between China and India • India seems to be using capital less efficiently than china (investment / growth) • GDP share of industry is higher in china (4,6% china vs 2,7% India) • India’s growth has been driven by less capital intensive services (IT) • However India’s manifacturing share is increasing
- 8. Chinaand India Total Factor Productivity • The theory of total factor productivity is based on two criterions – Information and communication technology capital vs Non ICT capital – Labour hours vs Labour quality • It suggests that china’s TFP have decreased between the two periods ranging from 1989 to 1995 and 1995 to 2003 • Whereas Inida’s TFP between the two periods have increased
- 9. Chinaand India China’s development routes • China attracts more FDI than India • FDI invested in China come namely from chinese diaspora • China has created SEZ (special economic zones) which are free from the standrads regulation and acknowledge he total foreign ownership, and have excellent infrastructure • China’s FDIs are export oriented and construction oriented
- 10. Chinaand India Consequences of China and India developement • Increased growth means increased demand and finally means increased imports
- 11. Chinaand India Textile and clothing • MFA (multifiber agreement) • From 1995 the quotas are decreased • This leads to an increase in the chinese share of USA and EU exports • Therefore the USA and he EU have established safeguard • India din’t beneficiate as much as china from the end of the MFA • The Chinese share is expected to increase from 18% to 29% of EU imports and from 16% to 50% of the US imports • Indian share is expected to increase from 6% to 9% of EU imports and from 4% to 15% of the US imports
- 12. Chinaand India Automobiles and Parts • China and India share in the global parts market has trippled between 1990 & 2004 • 3 car producers in India • Heavy regulations • India shifted to a very productive auto part industry • China launched cherry motors internationnally
- 13. Chinaand India Pharmaceuticals & Chemicals • India is a major producer of generics • Generics manufacturers were free to produce as long as the processing is different • However in 1994 TRIPS were ratisfied by India during the Uruguay round • Even though the generics still contributes to curing big illnesses like HIV/AIDS
- 14. Chinaand India Services • India’s service sector grew at 7% A YEAR • India’s service sector represents 54% of GDP in 2005/2006 • Domestic demand is a crucial contributor to growth in transport, trade, storage, social & personal services • Important exportations exist in sofware services