Children are naturally curious and impulsive, making accidental injuries a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children. Certain factors like a child's age, gender, environment and supervision level can predispose them to different types of accidents. Common accidental injuries among different age groups include falls, burns, suffocation, drowning, and poisoning. Nurses can help prevent accidents by educating families on childproofing homes, supervising children appropriately based on their age, and providing emergency care to reduce disabilities from accidental injuries.

1. MRS.B.S.SHALI
MSC NURSING
MAMATA COLLEGE OF NURSING

4. Children are by nature accident prone. They are
curious, investigative, impulsive, impatient and less
careful to listen warning. Accidental injuries are the
leading cause of hospitalization, disability and death of
children.
DEFINITION:
An accident is an event, independent of
human will caused by an outside force acting rapidly
and resulting in physical or mental injury.
----WHO

5. CERTAIN SITUATIONS MAY PREDISPOSE
THE ACCIDENT INJURY IN CHILDREN
• Curious, interested, hyperactive and daring child has
more chance of accidents.
• Boys are more risk of accidents than girl
• Accidents are more common in aggressive, stubborn
poor concentration and unsupervised children.

6. • Accidents are more common overcrowded home.
• Lack of outside play facilities is responsible for
more home accidents.
• Accidents may occur frequently if the parent is
having poor knowledge, ignorance, careless or lack
of supervision of children

7. COMMON ACCIDENTAL
INJURY IN DIFFERENT
AGE GROUP
• Infant: falls, burns, cuts and
injury suffocation, foreign
body aspiration.
• Toddlers and preschoolers:
falls, burns, cuts and injury
suffocation, foreign body
aspiration, drowning, near
drowning, poisoning,
electrocution, bites and
stings. Vehicle or road
traffic accidents and sports
injury.

8. • School age children and
adolescents: sports injury, fall,
electrical or instrumental injury,
road traffic accidents, drowning,
near drowning and bites and
stings.
MAJOR TYPES OF
ACCIDENTS:
1.Accidents requiring medical
intervention: drowning, burns ,
falls, cuts, and wounds, animal
bites, poisoning,
2.Accidents requiring surgical
intervention: head injuries,
burns, soft tissue, injury,
fractures. trauma.

10. 3.Accidents Involving Eyes: fireworks, stone throwing,
broomstick injury, sharp edged toys, balls, shuttle
cocks, fist fighting, fall, knife or needle injury.
4.Accidents Involving ENTL: foreign body aspiration,
road traffic accidents, sudden exposure noise,
5.Road Traffic Accidents: careless road crossing, playing
streets with vehicular traffic.

11. PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS
AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
For infants:
• Never leave an infant alone
on cot or table in
unprotected place.
• Never give very small
things to the child
• Never feed solids which are
difficult to chew.

12. Cont….
• Coins, buttons must not be
left with in child’s reach.
• Keep the stove or fire
things for away from the
child.
• Never leave the infant near
water tub.

13. For toddlers & preschooler:
• Never use negative
statement for any activities
• Give proper directions for
activity.
• Provide constant
supervision
• Protect stairs by gate and
keep doors closed.

14. Cont…
• Keep harmful substances
• Give adequate instructions to the care takers.
• Electric switch should be out of child’s reach

15. For School age children and adolescents
• Teach safety precautions with fire.
• Encourage playing in safe places and supervise the
game
• Discourage the children from kite flying from
rooftops.
• Children must not be allowed to play on streets.

16. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES IN
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS
• Health education
• Provision of safe environment
• Safe child care should be organized provided to
prevent accidental hazardous.
• Assisting medical care to prevent disabilities

17. • Emergency care at comprehensive trauma care
unit improves survival rate.
• Public health measures
• Participate in policy making and research
activities related prevention of accidents

18. Thank you
for listening