The document provides an overview of child psychiatry assessment. It discusses the most common psychiatric disturbances in children, clinical interview processes, special considerations in child assessments, assessment techniques and tools. Specific methods of assessment include play techniques, projective techniques and direct questioning. The assessment evaluates domains like development, cognition, relationships, temperament and conduct. Rating scales and laboratory tests may provide additional information. The assessment aims to formulate a biopsychosocial understanding of the child to make focused treatment recommendations, which may include therapies, medication, family support and other services.
Conduct disorder (CD) is a psychological disorder, sometimes also referred to as a behavioural disorder. This disorder is often diagnosed during childhood or adolescence.
Conduct disorder (CD) is a psychological disorder, sometimes also referred to as a behavioural disorder. This disorder is often diagnosed during childhood or adolescence.
A presentation on the newly introduced cross-cutting symptom measures in DSM5. I'd made this as part of my psychiatry residency, and the article describes why the need came about, the process of formulating and testing the new cross-cutting system and the repercussions this will have on psychiatric practice
A presentation on the newly introduced cross-cutting symptom measures in DSM5. I'd made this as part of my psychiatry residency, and the article describes why the need came about, the process of formulating and testing the new cross-cutting system and the repercussions this will have on psychiatric practice
Effective teaching strategies comprise proven best practices in education that work in a variety of classroom environments. Many teachers may use multiple strategies to keep their students engaged throughout the school year and test their knowledge more comprehensively. Other teachers may use only one or two strategies to guide their lesson plans and ensure that each student understands the information being taught.
What works well for one class may not be best of the next class, meaning teachers will continuously assess the effectiveness of a teacher strategy and make adjustments as needed. The most effective approach to implementing teaching strategies is to customize them to meet your students’ needs.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Clinical interview process
• Special issues in the assessment of children
• Techniques of assessment
• Tool used in assessment
• Laboratory measure
• Recommendation of treatment
3. INTRODUCTION
• Most common psychiatric disturbances in
children are related to developmental delay in
one or more domains.
• Developmental status influence the clinical
presentation of various syndromes
• Distressing emotions/impairing behaviors may
occur as a part of normal transition
6. SPECIAL CONSIDERATION
• The referral is typically
requested by someone
other than the patient
• Assessment may
misinterpret as a kind of
punishment for being bad
• Assessment need to be non-
judgemental and
collaborative
• Given children as much as
control as is appropriate
and safe.
• Methods/tools of
assessment are specific to
the age of the children
• Primary goal is to
understand child’s inner
world and perspective
• Techniques range from
observing an infant, parents
or using play.
• to understand the preschool
and young elementary
school child to talking
directly about symptoms to
an adolescent
• Alter approaches according
to the child developmental
needs.
• Children are not be
considered as little adults
7. SPECIAL CONSIDERATION
• Specific diagnosis is more difficult in children
– Varying presentation of symptoms at different
ages
– The evolution of disorders
– The lack of diagnostic and etiological specificity of
many symptoms.
• Diagnosis vary with time
10. SPECIFIC METHODS
• Imaginative play with puppets/small figures
• Play materials are given based on the child’s concern,
perceptions and characteristic modes of regulating
affects and impulses
USES
- For diagnostic/Trust building
- Form of play as an important information to MSE
PLAY TECHNIQUE
11. SPECIFIC METHODS
PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUE (DAP)
• Invite the child to draw a picture
• As the child what animal he/she would most or least like?
• Whom he/she would take along to a desert island/holiday?
• What he/she would wish for if given 3 magic wishes?
• (Winkey, 1982)
• Describe a dream, book, movie, TV show which she recalls?
• Future ambitions?
12. SPECIFIC METHODS
DIRECT QUESTIONING
• Inquire about the presenting
problems or other aspects of the
child’s life timing.
• Attention to the child’s cognitive and
linguistic level of development
• Respect for the child’s self-esteem.
13. DOMAINS OF EVALUATION
• Developmental process
• Cognitive and academic
development
• Family relationships
• Peer relationships
• Development conscious
and values
• Interest, Hobbies and
Talents
• Unusual Circumstances
• Prior psychiatric treatment
• Family history of medical or
psychiatry illness
14. DOMAINS OF EVALUATION
• Developmental process
• Cognitive and academic
development
• Family relationships
• Peer relationships
• Development conscious
and values
• Interest, Hobbies and
Talents
• Unusual Circumstances
• Prior psychiatric treatment
• Family history of medical or
psychiatry illness
15. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
16. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
The motor component present in a given child’s functioning and the
diurnal proportion of active and inactive periods
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
17. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
The predictability or unpredictability in time of any function, it can
be analyzed in relation to the sleep-wake cycle, hunger, feeding
pattern or elimination schedule
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
18. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
The nature of the initial response to a new stimulus, be it a new
food, a new toys, or a new person
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
19. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
Response to a new or altered situations.
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
20. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
The intensity level of stimulation needed to evoke a noticeable
response, irrespective of the specific form of the response or the
sensory modality affected.
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
21. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
The energy level of response, irrespective of its quality or direction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
22. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
The amount of pleasant, joyful, and friendly behavior or the other
ways.
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
23. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
The effectiveness of extraneous environmental stimuli in interfering
with or altering the direction of the ongoing behavior
• Attention span and persistence
24. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
Concerns the length of time a particular activity is pursued by child.
Persistence refers to the continuation of activity in the face of
obstacles to the maintenance of activity direction.
25. TEMPERAMENT CATEGORIES
Need to observe and assess
in term of:
• Activity level
• Rhythmicity (regularity)
• Approachable/withdrawal
• Adaptability
• Threshold of responsiveness
• Intensity of reaction
• Quality of mood
• Distractibility
• Attention span and persistence
OUTCOME
EASY
biological regularity
approach tendencies to the new
Quick adaptability to change
Predominantly positive mood of mild or moderate
intensity
DIFFICULT (opposite of EASY)
Biological irregularity
Withdrawal tendencies to the new
Slow adaptability to change
Frequent negative emotional expressions of high
intensity
SLOW-TO-WARM UP
Withdrawal tendencies to the new
Slow adaptability to change
Frequent negative emotional reactions of low intensity
Such individuals are often labeled SHY
26. MENTAL STATE
EXAMINATION IN
CHILD PSYCHIATRY
MSE components may be
gather through direct
questioning, play activities
or observations during the
session.
Appearance and
behaviour
Ability to cooperate and
engage
Speech and language
Motor function
Mood and affect
Thought process and
content
Insight
Perception
Anxiety feature
Conduct symptoms
Cognitive function
Risk assessment
27. BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL FORMULATION
• BIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES
- Prenatal, birth history
- Early temperament
- Child development
- Genetic predisposition/family history,
medical and neurological disorders
• PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
- Personality
- Psychological issues and attribution
- Defense mechanism
- Developmental stage tasks
• SOCIAL / ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTRIBUTORS
- Family/interpersonal
- Socio-environmental
- Trauma
- Cultural factors
KEY POINTS
1) An understanding of what brings
the child or adolescent to this point
of life.
2) With this understanding, the most
focused and affective treatment
recommendations can be
formulated
29. TOOLS IN ASSESSMENT
• Ranging from systematized
questionnaires to specific areas
difficulty
• Rating scales are adjunctive to
clinical diagnosis
• Rating scales are completed along
with parents/guardians or
teachers
• RATING SCALES
1) Achenbach Child Behaviour
Checklist
2) Conner’s Questionnaires
(ADHD)
3) SADS-C = Schizophrenia and
affective discorder scale
children V)
4) K-SADS = Kiddie Schedule for
affectove disroder and
Schizophrenia
5) Pictorial DOMINIC-R =For
anxiety symptoms in young
children
6) ChiPS =the Children’s Interview
for psychiatry Syndromes
7) DISC = Diagnositc Interview for
Children
30. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
• MENTAL RETARDATION AND PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDERS
- Wood Lamp examination (Tuberous sclerosis)
- EEG
- Chromosome analysis
- Serum iron (Pica)
• MOOD DISORDER
- Routine thyroid function
- Infectious disease
- Toxicology testing
• PSYCHOTIC DISORDER
- CSF Analysis: Cognitive decline, Altered level of consciousness,
headache, abnormal neuro examination, alter vital signs,
leukocytosis or new - onset of seizure
31. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
• ADHD
- Thyroid profile if indicated
• TIC, OCD
- Throat culture and serological studies for Group A Beta
hemolytic strep infection (GABHS)
- ASOT
• SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER
- Toxicology screening for ALL adolescents who are:
Psychiatric symptoms or who have exhibited acute
behavioural changes.
High risk (delinquents and runaways)
Recurrent accidents or unexplained somatic symptoms.
• SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
- History of sexual activity or sexual abuse who are being
evaluated for depression / change in cognitive function.
- HIV, Syphilis, VDRL
32. RECOMMENDATION FOR TREATMENT
• Child is at imminent risk and
required acute hospitalization
• Care is provided in a safe, non
threatening, home-like
environment
• Child requires treatment services
like,
- Invidual therapy: CBT, IPT, DBT,
etc
- Psychotropic medication
- Group therapy
- Family therapy
(Counselling and Clinical
Psychologist)
• Adjunctive childcare services
includes:
- School services for emotional,
attention, learning related
problems
- School-based counseling
- Remedial education services
- Speech therapy
- State protective services
- Mentoring programs for the
siblings as well as the parents
- Legal guardian