Feed-forward refers to providing control and direction to subordinates before expecting an output. It involves providing documents for review and ex post information before any changes in output occur. Feed-forward systems monitor inputs to ensure they are as planned, unlike feedback systems which measure outputs and provide corrective actions. Preventive control focuses on anticipating possible deviations and preventing them through qualified managers and applying management principles to minimize errors and improve performance. Profit and loss statements show a company's revenues, expenses, and profits/losses over an accounting period. Companies can control certain items like inventory to increase profits.

1. Submitted to-
Prof. Dheeraj tiwari
presented by-
Chetan Birla

2. 
Feed-forward is a management and
communication term that refers to giving a
control impact to a subordinate, a person, or
an organization from which you are expecting
an output. Feed-forward is not just a prefeedback, because feedback is always based
on measuring an output and sending
respective feedback. A pre-feedback given
without measurement of output may be
understood as a confirmation or just an
acknowledgment of control command.

3. 
Feed forward is generally imposed before any
wilful change in output may occur. All other
changes of output determined with feedback may
result from distortion, noise, or attenuation. Feed
forward usually involves giving a document for
review and giving an ex post information on that
document that has not already been given.
However, social feedback is the response of the
supreme hierarch to the subordinate as an
acknowledgement of a subordinate's report on
output.

4. 
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A model of the system should be developed.
Care should be taken to keep the model
dynamic.
Data on input variables must be regularly
collected and put into the system.

5. 
Simple feedback systems measure output of
a process and feed into the system or the
inputs of a system corrective actions to
obtain desired outputs.
For most management problems, due to the
time lags, this process becomes unfavourable. Feed-forward systems monitors
inputs into a process to ascertain whether
they are as planned.

7. 
As we can see from the diagram above, Feed
forward is actually like a reverse-feedback.
As a result of this, the corrections can be made
into the input side of Feed-forward system so
that the output lies unaffected. On the other
hand, it cannot be denied that even with a Feedforward control, a manger would still want to
measure final system output since nothing can
be expected to work perfectly enough to ensure
that the final output will always be exactly to
what it is right now.

8. 

Preventive control focuses on anticipating
occurrence of possible deviation and
preventing them.
The principle of preventive control is based
on the idea that negative deviations can be
eliminated by the application of management
principles.

9. 


Qualified managers make a minimum of
errors
The management fundamentals can be used
to measure performance
Application of management fundamentals can
be evaluated

10. 
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Greater accuracy is achieved in assigning
personal responsibility.
Preventive control encourages self-control
and make corrective action more effective.
Preventive control may lighten the
managerial burden caused by direct
controls.
Employees may be motivated to improve
themselves continuously.

11. 
A profit and loss statement shows a company's
revenues and expenses for an accounting period.
It also shows a profit or loss, which equals
revenues minus expenses. A company with
greater revenues than expenses generates a
profit for the period, while a company with
greater expenses than revenues generates a loss.
A business wants to generate the most profits
possible. While some of your profit and loss
statement depends on the market and your
customers, there are some items that you can
control to increase your profits.

12. 
Audit financial information

Limit access to financial information.

Ethics training.

Control inventory.

13. 
One of the most successfully used control
techniques is that of measuring both the
absolute and the relative success of a
company or a company unit by the ratio of
earnings to investment of capital. The returnon-investment approach, often referred to
simply as ROI, has been the core of the
control system of the Du Pont Company since
1919.

14. 
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
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It measures the effectiveness of the company
as the whole and of its measures devotional
its product & planning.
Can be used to compare divisions of different
sizes.
Acceptable/understandable
Uses readily available accounting figures.

15. 
Can lead to dysfunctional decisions.

Profits can be manipulated.

It fails to focus attention on other important
aspect of the enterprise of such as employ
moral and employ development, public
relation.