Chassis operating conditions
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The design of an automobile chassis requires a prior understanding of the kind of conditions the chassis is likely to face on the road. The chassis generally experiences four major loading situations, that include, (i) vertical bending, (ii) longitudinal torsion, (iii) lateral bending, (iv) horizontal lozenging.
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The document discusses vehicle suspension systems. It covers the need for suspension systems to absorb shocks from road irregularities. It describes different types of suspension systems including independent and non-independent systems. It also discusses key components of suspension systems such as springs, dampers, and anti-roll bars. Specifically, it provides details on different types of springs used in suspension systems including leaf springs, coil springs, and rubber springs.
Unit 2 Front and Rear Axles, Steering Sysytem, Wheels and Tyres
This document provides an overview of automotive axles, wheels, tires, and steering systems. It defines different types of front and rear axles such as dead axles, live axles, stub axles, and floating axles. It also discusses wheel and tire components as well as steering geometry concepts like camber, caster, toe-in, Ackerman steering and slip angles. Finally, it covers various steering linkages and gear types used in automobiles.
Steering System
(1) The presentation covered the conditions for true rolling, skidding phenomena, and steering linkage for conventional and independent suspension systems.
(2) For true rolling to occur, the direction of motion must be perpendicular to the wheel axis and toward the forward force. When a side force acts parallel to the wheel axis, scrub action is produced.
(3) Skidding occurs when the vehicle loses control of steering and slides sideways without wheel rotation. Causes include braking while turning and slipping on icy or wet surfaces. Steering linkage connects the steering gear to front wheels using rods, arms, and tie rods in a parallelogram configuration for conventional suspensions.
Similar to Chassis operating conditions (10)
Chapter-2Under-carriage-of-construction-equipment.pptx
Chapter-2Under-carriage-of-construction-equipment.pptx
Unit 2 Front and Rear Axles, Steering Sysytem, Wheels and Tyres
Unit 2 Front and Rear Axles, Steering Sysytem, Wheels and Tyres
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What do the symbols on vehicle dashboard mean?
Ever been troubled by the blinking sign and didn’t know what to do?
Here’s a handy guide to dashboard symbols so that you’ll never be confused again!
Save them for later and save the trouble!
What Could Be Behind Your Mercedes Sprinter's Power Loss on Uphill Roads
Unlock the secrets behind your Mercedes Sprinter's uphill power loss with our comprehensive presentation. From fuel filter blockages to turbocharger troubles, we uncover the culprits and empower you to reclaim your vehicle's peak performance. Conquer every ascent with confidence and ensure a thrilling journey every time.
EV Charging at MFH Properties by Whitaker Jamieson
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一比一原版(Columbia文凭证书)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：176555708】【(Columbia文凭证书)哥伦比亚大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Catalytic Converter theft prevention - NYC.pptx
Understanding Catalytic Converter Theft:
What is a Catalytic Converter?: Learn about the function of catalytic converters in vehicles and why they are targeted by thieves.
Why are They Stolen?: Discover the valuable metals inside catalytic converters (such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium) that make them attractive to criminals.
Steps to Prevent Catalytic Converter Theft:
Parking Strategies: Tips on where and how to park your vehicle to reduce the risk of theft, such as parking in well-lit areas or secure garages.
Protective Devices: Overview of various anti-theft devices available, including catalytic converter locks, shields, and alarms.
Etching and Marking: The benefits of etching your vehicle’s VIN on the catalytic converter or using a catalytic converter marking kit to make it traceable and less appealing to thieves.
Surveillance and Monitoring: Recommendations for using security cameras and motion-sensor lights to deter thieves.
Statistics and Insights:
Theft Rates by Borough: Analysis of data to determine which borough in NYC experiences the highest rate of catalytic converter thefts.
Recent Trends: Current trends and patterns in catalytic converter thefts to help you stay aware of emerging hotspots and tactics used by thieves.
Benefits of This Presentation:
Awareness: Increase your awareness about catalytic converter theft and its impact on vehicle owners.
Practical Tips: Gain actionable insights and tips to effectively prevent catalytic converter theft.
Local Insights: Understand the specific risks in different NYC boroughs, helping you take targeted preventive measures.
This presentation aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to protect your vehicle from catalytic converter theft, ensuring you are prepared and proactive in safeguarding your property.
一比一原版(WashU文凭证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：176555708】【(WashU文凭证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Here's Why Every Semi-Truck Should Have ELDs
Implementing ELDs or Electronic Logging Devices is slowly but surely becoming the norm in fleet management. Why? Well, integrating ELDs and associated connected vehicle solutions like fleet tracking devices lets businesses and their in-house fleet managers reap several benefits. Check out the post below to learn more.
原版制作(Exeter毕业证书)埃克塞特大学毕业证完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Exeter毕业证书)埃克塞特大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
EV Charging at Multifamily Properties by Kevin Donnelly
Kevin Donnelly gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
AadiShakti Projects ( Asp Cranes ) Raipur
Welcome to ASP Cranes, your trusted partner for crane solutions in Raipur, Chhattisgarh! With years of experience and a commitment to excellence, we offer a comprehensive range of crane services tailored to meet your lifting and material handling needs.
At ASP Cranes, we understand the importance of reliable and efficient crane operations in various industries, from construction and manufacturing to logistics and infrastructure development. That's why we strive to deliver top-notch solutions that enhance productivity, safety, and cost-effectiveness for our clients.
Our services include:
Crane Rental: Whether you need a crawler crane for heavy lifting or a hydraulic crane for versatile operations, we have a diverse fleet of well-maintained cranes available for rent. Our rental options are flexible and can be customized to suit your project requirements.
Crane Sales: Looking to invest in a crane for your business? We offer a wide selection of new and used cranes from leading manufacturers, ensuring you find the perfect equipment to match your needs and budget.
Crane Maintenance and Repair: To ensure optimal performance and safety, regular maintenance and timely repairs are essential for cranes. Our team of skilled technicians provides comprehensive maintenance and repair services to keep your equipment running smoothly and minimize downtime.
Crane Operator Training: Proper training is crucial for safe and efficient crane operation. We offer specialized training programs conducted by certified instructors to equip operators with the skills and knowledge they need to handle cranes effectively.
Custom Solutions: We understand that every project is unique, which is why we offer custom crane solutions tailored to your specific requirements. Whether you need modifications, attachments, or specialized equipment, we can design and implement solutions that meet your needs.
At ASP Cranes, customer satisfaction is our top priority. We are dedicated to delivering reliable, cost-effective, and innovative crane solutions that exceed expectations. Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can support your project in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, and beyond. Let ASP Cranes be your trusted partner for all your crane needs!
快速办理(napier毕业证书)英国龙比亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(napier毕业证书)英国龙比亚大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Hand Gesture Control Robotic Arm using image processing.pptx
Hand Gesture Control Robotic Arm using image processing
Expanding Access to Affordable At-Home EV Charging by Vanessa Warheit
Vanessa Warheit, Co-Founder of EV Charging for All, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
Recently uploaded (17)
What Could Be Behind Your Mercedes Sprinter's Power Loss on Uphill Roads
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EV Charging at MFH Properties by Whitaker Jamieson
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Globalfleet - global fleet survey 2021 full results
Globalfleet - global fleet survey 2021 full results
53286592-Global-Entrepreneurship-and-the-Successful-Growth-Strategies-of-Earl...
53286592-Global-Entrepreneurship-and-the-Successful-Growth-Strategies-of-Earl...
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EV Charging at Multifamily Properties by Kevin Donnelly
Hand Gesture Control Robotic Arm using image processing.pptx
Hand Gesture Control Robotic Arm using image processing.pptx
Expanding Access to Affordable At-Home EV Charging by Vanessa Warheit
Expanding Access to Affordable At-Home EV Charging by Vanessa Warheit
Chassis operating conditions
- 1. Chassis Operating Conditions 8/31/2021 M ANANDA MURUGAN 1
- 2. The design of an automobile chassis requires prior understanding of the kind of conditions the chassis is likely to face on the road. The chassis generally experiences four major loading situations, that include, (i) vertical bending, (ii) longitudinal torsion, (iii) lateral bending, (iv) horizontal lozenging. 8/31/2021 M ANANDA MURUGAN 2
- 3. Vertical Bending • Considering a chassis frame is supported at its ends by the wheel axles and a weight equivalent to the vehicle’s equipment, passengers and luggage is concentrated around the middle of its wheelbase, then the side-members are subjected to vertical bending causing them to sag in the central region. 8/31/2021 M ANANDA MURUGAN 3
- 4. Longitudinal Torsion • When diagonally opposite front and rear road-wheels roll over bumps simultaneously, the two ends of the chassis are twisted in opposite directions so that both the side and the cross-members are subjected to longitudinal torsion, which distorts the chassis. 8/31/2021 M ANANDA MURUGAN 4
- 5. Lateral Bending • The chassis is exposed to lateral (side) force that may be due to the camber of the road, side wind, centrifugal force while turning a corner, or collision with some object. The adhesion reaction of the road-wheel tyres opposes these lateral forces. As a net result a bending moment acts on the chassis side members so that the chassis frame tends to bow in the direction of the force. 8/31/2021 M ANANDA MURUGAN 5
- 6. Horizontal Lozenging • A chassis frame if driven forward or backwards is continuously subjected to wheel impact with road obstacles such as pot-holes, road joints, surface humps, and curbs while other wheels produce the propelling thrust. These conditions cause the rectangular chassis frame to distort to a parallelogram shape, known as ‘lozenging’ 8/31/2021 M ANANDA MURUGAN 6