1. Chapter 8 - Newspapers While these slides were created using material from the above textbook, they are not official presentations from the publisher, Bedford/St. Martin’s. In addition, many slides may contain professor’s supplemental notes on various media topics.

2. “People don’t actually read newspapers. They step into them every morning like a hot bath.” Marshall McLuhan

3. In This Chapter… “Types” of Journalism Current Statistics and Issues Newspapers and Democracy New Forms of Getting the News

4. FYI… Newshole: the space left over after ads are placed; 35-50% of the content of daily newspapers Inverted Pyramid: came out of the telegraph style; puts all major information in the first sentence: who, what, when, where, why and how.

6. Readership decline can be blamed on emerging forms of media during any given time period--for example, radio, television and the Internet.

7. Newspapers get 17% of the advertising revenue pie.Declining Readership: 1971 – 78% of adults read the paper once a day 2007 – 51% do Declining Dailies: 1950-2006 the number of daily papers in the United States dropped from 1,772 to 1,452

8. Newspapers and Democracy Of all mass media, newspapers have played the longest and strongest role in sustaining democracy. We need heroic reporters to go where we cannot. What is a “free country” without a “free press”? Between 1996-2003, 338 reporters have been killed trying to do their jobs—one-hundred of them were murdered.

9. Newspapers and Democracy Critics say: The formulaic design and reporting styles discourage new approaches to telling stories and reporting news. One-city newspapers only cover issues that impact upper-middle-class readers and don’t report enough on issues impacting the poor and working class folks. Chain ownership takes away the emphasis on serving a community—and instead, focuses on profits. Chain ownership discourages watchdog journalism—for fear of offending investors or advertisers.

10. New Forms of Getting the News Who are you turning to? Where do you get your news? Twitter Blogs Other Social Media RSS Feeds Jon Stewart

11. “Types” of Journalism Yellow journalism Objective journalism (inverted pyramid) Interpretive journalism Advocacy journalism Precision journalism Literary journalism Consensus-oriented journalism Conflict-oriented journalism Directions: with a partner, find the textbook definition for your assigned terms and write it down. Next, put the definition in your OWN words. Share both with the class. Think of examples too.

12. Yellow journalism Emphasized profitable press that carried exciting human interest stories, crime in news, large headlines, and more readable copy. Objective journalism (inverted pyramid) Distinguishes factual reports from opinion columns, modern reporters strive to maintain a neutral attitude toward the issue or event they cover; they also search out competing points of view among the sources for a story. “Types” of Journalism

13. Interpretive journalism Translating the news in a historical and social perspective so it is easier to understand Advocacy journalism A type of journalism where the journalist argues their own opinion, such as women arguing feminist issues in their writing. Precision journalism Another technique, attempted to push news more in the direction of science “Types” of Journalism

14. Literary journalism News reports that adapt fictional storytelling techniques to nonfictional material; sometimes called new journalism Consensus-oriented journalism Found in small communities, newspapers that promote social and economic harmony by providing community calendars, meeting notices and carrying articles on local schools, local events, town government, property crimes and zoning issues. “Types” of Journalism

15. Conflict-oriented journalism Found in metropolitan areas, newspapers that define news primarily as events, issues or experiences that deviate from social norms; journalists see their role as observers who monitor their city’s institutions and problems “Types” of Journalism