Chapter 5 OSI Model.ppt
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The document describes the 7-layer OSI reference model for network communication. It defines each layer, from the physical layer which transmits raw bits over a medium, to the application layer which supports software applications. Each layer provides services to the layer above and receives services from the layer below, with the model defining standards for network communication between open systems.
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OSI Model
The document discusses the 7-layer OSI model, which characterizes and standardizes communication functions across different systems to enable interoperability. It describes each of the 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer - and their respective roles and functions in managing the flow of data from one application to another. Each layer provides services to the layer above and receives services from the layer below, with layers 1-4 relating to communications technologies and layers 5-7 relating to user applications.
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Learn computer network layers or OSI layers in a computer network, OSI Model, OSI reference model or open system interconnection model or networking model including Application Layer, Presentation Layer, Session Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, Data Link Layer and Physical layer. Definition, Function, and use of the OSI network model. Protocols in computer network layers of OSI model.
OSI Reference Model-Lecture-2.pptx
The document summarizes the seven layers of the OSI reference model:
1) The physical layer is responsible for physical connections between devices and defines characteristics like data rates and topology.
2) The data link layer frames data and ensures error-free transmission between nodes through flow control and error checking.
3) The network layer handles packet routing and logical addressing between independent networks.
4) The transport layer manages reliable data transfer through segmentation, reassembly, and connection control using TCP or UDP.
3. osi model
The document discusses the OSI model, which is a standard framework for networking. It describes the seven layers of the OSI model from physical to application layer. Each layer has a specific function and provides services to the adjacent layer. The physical layer deals with physical connections and bit-level transmission. The data link layer handles frame delivery and error control. The network layer routes packets across networks. The transport layer ensures end-to-end delivery of messages. Higher layers include the session, presentation and application layers, which establish communication sessions, handle formatting and provide user services respectively.
The OSI Reference Model layers, in order from top to bottomD. Appl.pdf
The OSI Reference Model layers, in order from top to bottom
D. Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical
1. Application Layer
topmost layer of the OSI reference model, is the application layer. This layer directly support
user applications, like software for file transfers, database access, and e-mail. It serves as a
window through which application processes can access network services.
2.Presentation Layer
It defines the format used to exchange data among networked computers. It is a network\'s
translator. When dissimilar systems want to communicate, certain translation and byte reordering
is done. It translates data from the format from the application layer into a recognized format. At
the receiving computer, this layer translates intermediary format into format that can be useful to
that computer\'s application layer.
3. Session Layer
It allows two applications on different computers to open, use, and close a connection called a
session. It performs name-recognition and other functions, such as security, that are needed to
allow two applications to communicate over the network.
4. Transport Layer
It provides an additional connection level beneath the session layer. It ensures that packets are
delivered error free, in sequence, and without losses or duplications. At the sending computer,
this layer repackages messages, dividing long messages into several packets and collecting small
packets together in one package. T
5. Network Layer
It is responsible for addressing messages and translating logical addresses and names into
physical addresses. This layer also determines the route from the source to the destination
computer. It determines which path the data should take based on network conditions
6. Data-Link Layer
It sends data frames from the network layer to the physical layer. It controls the electrical
impulses that enter and leave the network cable. On the receiving end, the data-link layer
packages raw bits from the physical layer into data frames.
7. Physical Layer
This layer transmits the unstructured, raw bit stream over a physical medium (such as the
network cable). The physical layer is totally hardware-oriented and deals with all aspects of
establishing and maintaining a physical link between communicating computers. The physical
layer also carries the signals that transmit data generated by each of the higher layers.
Solution
The OSI Reference Model layers, in order from top to bottom
D. Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical
1. Application Layer
topmost layer of the OSI reference model, is the application layer. This layer directly support
user applications, like software for file transfers, database access, and e-mail. It serves as a
window through which application processes can access network services.
2.Presentation Layer
It defines the format used to exchange data among networked computers. It is a network\'s
translator. When dissimilar systems want .
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The document discusses the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one node to the next.
2. The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one node to the next.
3. The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destination host.
Osi model
The document describes the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one node to the next.
2. The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one node to the next.
3. The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destination host.
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The document describes the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one hop to the next.
2. The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one hop to the next.
3. The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destination host.
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The document discusses the 7-layer OSI model, which characterizes and standardizes communication functions across different systems to enable interoperability. It describes each of the 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer - and their respective roles and functions in managing the flow of data from one application to another. Each layer provides services to the layer above and receives services from the layer below, with layers 1-4 relating to communications technologies and layers 5-7 relating to user applications.
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OSI Model defines and is used to understand – How data is transferred from one computer to another in a computer network?
Learn computer network layers or OSI layers in a computer network, OSI Model, OSI reference model or open system interconnection model or networking model including Application Layer, Presentation Layer, Session Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, Data Link Layer and Physical layer. Definition, Function, and use of the OSI network model. Protocols in computer network layers of OSI model.
OSI Reference Model-Lecture-2.pptx
The document summarizes the seven layers of the OSI reference model:
1) The physical layer is responsible for physical connections between devices and defines characteristics like data rates and topology.
2) The data link layer frames data and ensures error-free transmission between nodes through flow control and error checking.
3) The network layer handles packet routing and logical addressing between independent networks.
4) The transport layer manages reliable data transfer through segmentation, reassembly, and connection control using TCP or UDP.
3. osi model
The document discusses the OSI model, which is a standard framework for networking. It describes the seven layers of the OSI model from physical to application layer. Each layer has a specific function and provides services to the adjacent layer. The physical layer deals with physical connections and bit-level transmission. The data link layer handles frame delivery and error control. The network layer routes packets across networks. The transport layer ensures end-to-end delivery of messages. Higher layers include the session, presentation and application layers, which establish communication sessions, handle formatting and provide user services respectively.
The OSI Reference Model layers, in order from top to bottomD. Appl.pdf
The OSI Reference Model layers, in order from top to bottom
D. Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical
1. Application Layer
topmost layer of the OSI reference model, is the application layer. This layer directly support
user applications, like software for file transfers, database access, and e-mail. It serves as a
window through which application processes can access network services.
2.Presentation Layer
It defines the format used to exchange data among networked computers. It is a network\'s
translator. When dissimilar systems want to communicate, certain translation and byte reordering
is done. It translates data from the format from the application layer into a recognized format. At
the receiving computer, this layer translates intermediary format into format that can be useful to
that computer\'s application layer.
3. Session Layer
It allows two applications on different computers to open, use, and close a connection called a
session. It performs name-recognition and other functions, such as security, that are needed to
allow two applications to communicate over the network.
4. Transport Layer
It provides an additional connection level beneath the session layer. It ensures that packets are
delivered error free, in sequence, and without losses or duplications. At the sending computer,
this layer repackages messages, dividing long messages into several packets and collecting small
packets together in one package. T
5. Network Layer
It is responsible for addressing messages and translating logical addresses and names into
physical addresses. This layer also determines the route from the source to the destination
computer. It determines which path the data should take based on network conditions
6. Data-Link Layer
It sends data frames from the network layer to the physical layer. It controls the electrical
impulses that enter and leave the network cable. On the receiving end, the data-link layer
packages raw bits from the physical layer into data frames.
7. Physical Layer
This layer transmits the unstructured, raw bit stream over a physical medium (such as the
network cable). The physical layer is totally hardware-oriented and deals with all aspects of
establishing and maintaining a physical link between communicating computers. The physical
layer also carries the signals that transmit data generated by each of the higher layers.
Solution
The OSI Reference Model layers, in order from top to bottom
D. Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical
1. Application Layer
topmost layer of the OSI reference model, is the application layer. This layer directly support
user applications, like software for file transfers, database access, and e-mail. It serves as a
window through which application processes can access network services.
2.Presentation Layer
It defines the format used to exchange data among networked computers. It is a network\'s
translator. When dissimilar systems want .
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The document discusses the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one node to the next.
2. The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one node to the next.
3. The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destination host.
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The document describes the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one node to the next.
2. The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one node to the next.
3. The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destination host.
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The document describes the seven layers of the OSI model:
1. The physical layer is responsible for the movements of individual bits from one hop to the next.
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This document provides an overview of radio wave propagation and the ionosphere. It defines key concepts like ground wave propagation, sky wave propagation, space wave propagation, critical frequency, maximum usable frequency, and ray path. It describes how the ionosphere is structured in layers and how radio waves interact with and are refracted or reflected by the ionized layers, affecting long-distance radio communication. Factors that influence radio wave propagation like frequency, angle of incidence, and solar activity are also discussed.
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Chapter 2 - Types of Computer Networks-converted e.pptx
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- 1. Lesson 5 OSI Reference Model
- 2. Overview Definition of OSI Model. Services in the OSI model Different layers of OSI Model
- 3. OSI Reference Model - internationally standardised network architecture. OSI = Open Systems Interconnection: deals with open systems, i.e. systems open for communications with other systems. Model has 7 layers. OSI Reference Model
- 4. 7-Layer OSI Model Layer 7 Layer 6 Layer 5 Layer 4 Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 1 Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer Communications subnet boundary
- 5. In OSI model, each layer provide services to layer above, and ‘consumes’ services provided by layer below. Active elements in a layer called entities. Entities in same layer in different machines called peer entities. Layers can offer connection-oriented or connectionless services. Connection-oriented like telephone system. Connectionless like postal system. Each service has an associated Quality-of- service (e.g. reliable or unreliable). Services in the OSI Model
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- 7. Transmits bits from one computer to another Regulates the transmission of a stream of bits over a physical medium. Defines how the cable is attached to the network adapter and what transmission technique is used to send data over the cable. Deals with issues like The definition of 0 and 1, e.g. how many volts represents a 1, and how long a bit lasts? Whether the channel is simplex or duplex? How many pins a connector has, and what the function of each pin is? Layer 1: Physical Layer
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