This document discusses key indicators used to measure global patterns of health and disease: infant mortality rate, life expectancy, and daily calorie intake. It provides definitions and explanations of each indicator. Infant mortality rate is the number of infants who die before age 1 per 1000 live births, and is generally lower in developed countries due to better nutrition, healthcare, childcare knowledge. Life expectancy depends on location and socioeconomic factors, and is higher overall in developed countries. Daily calorie intake provides the energy needed for human growth, development and repair, and intake levels differ between developed and less developed countries.

1. Chapter 3
Health and Diseases
Part 1:
What are the global patterns of
health and diseases?

2. Indicators to measure health
1.Infant mortality rate
2.Life expectancy
3.Daily calorie intake

3. Health
•State of complete physical,
mental and social well-
being.
•Not simply the absence of
disease or infirmity.

4. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
• Number of infants who die before age of 1.
• (infant deaths / 1000 live births)
• Counts all ‘live births’.
• Developed countries (DC) tends to have lower
IMR.
– Better nutrition
– Better healthcare
– Better knowledge of childcare
– Score below 10 / 1000 live births

5. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
• Less Developed Countries (LDC) tends to have
higher IMR.
– Insufficient nutrition
– Low level of healthcare
– Poor knowledge of childcare
– Score above 14 / 1000 live births
Refer to
Pg 179
For table
of
examples

6. Life Expectancy
• The average number of years an
individual is expected to live for from the
time of birth.
• Highly dependent on the following
factors:
–Location
–Social Status / Disposable income
• Clear distinction for DC and LDC.
Refer to
Pg 181
For
table of
egs

7. Daily Calorie Intake
• The energy obtained from food consumed per
person per day.
• Calories are important for growth,
development and repair of the human body.
• Human calorie needs vary in accordance to
age, sex, daily average physical exertion.
• Clear difference between DC vs LDC.
Refer to Pg 182
For map of
examples

8. Recap
Think of these questions carefully.
1. How does Infant mortality rate help you
decide if a country is DC/LDC?
2. Living in a DC, what are some things that you
can do to reduce your own life expectancy
drastically?
3. What are some impacts of not having
sufficient Daily Calorie Intake?