This document outlines the key steps geographers take to carry out investigations: 1) Identify the core questions - what is the issue, where does it occur, how does it affect humans and environment, and how should it be managed? 2) Collect and analyze data using fieldwork and research 3) Present findings using tools like graphs, photos, and ICT 4) Reflect on the investigation and identify areas for improvement It then provides an example of conducting a traffic count as a hands-on fieldwork activity to collect primary data and arrive at conclusions about vehicle usage patterns.

1. Sec 1 Unit 1
Lesson 4
How do geographers carry out their
investigations?

2.  At the end of the lesson you will be able to :
1.Identify the 4 core geographical
questions
2. List and explain the 4 steps of data
collection and presentation in
geography.

3.  4 Core questions of geography.
1. What is the issue?
2. Which part(s) of the world is/are
affected by this issue? Why does it
occur?
3. How does the issue affect humans
and the natural environment?
4. How should the issue be managed?

4. Identify the focus for the
inquiry.
◦What do we investigate?

5.  Identify the extent of the
issue.
 See the impact of the issues.
 Identify the reason(s) for the
rise of this issue.

6.  Identify the impact of the
issue.
 Are there specific groups
affected?
 Is nature affected?
 Are the impacts short or long
term?

7. Explore possible solutions.
How can the issue be
resolved?
Will there be any damage
that cannot be undone?

9.  Recess is over.
 Perry is hungry.

10.  Classroom, Lessons.

11.  Perry cannot focus, his teacher is bothered.
 His classmates get scolded because his
teacher is affected.

12.  Perry should have had some food before
going for his game during recess.
 Give him a candy to tide him over.

14. 1. Data collection
◦ Fieldwork
 Going into the actual area of study.
 Use geographical tools to measure and
record the area of study.
◦ Research
 Using the available resources
(publications, internet, etc.) to research
on topic.

15.  The data collected is analysed
thoroughly.
 Look for trends that might
explain certain things.
 Look for outstanding
information found in the data.

16. Use different tools to
present findings.
Graphs, Photographs, ICT
tools

17. Relook at the investigation.
Any possible areas of
concern?
Any areas for improvement?
How could it have been
done better?

18. What are the 4 core
geographical questions?
How do geographers collect
and present their findings?

19.  Glossary Test on Pg 17 next
lesson.
 MCQ plus short answer plus
wordsearch
 Next Geog Lesson!

20. 1
2
3
4

21. Traffic Count

22.  To have a hands on experience of
fieldwork.
 To collect primary data and to
interpret it.
 To use primary data collected to
arrive at conclusion.

23.  To count the amount of vehicles that
use a particular road on any particular
time slot.
 A pre-set time frame (5 minutes/ 10
minutes/ 2 minutes / etc)
 Can classify as vehicles (general) or
split into smaller categories (cars,
trucks, buses, etc)

30.  Split up and count only the
particular type of vehicle you
are allocated.
 Share your readings.
 This will increase accuracy.
 You can of course choose to
do it on your own.