The document discusses different types of beverages, including water, carbonated drinks, functional beverages, coffee, tea, dairy beverages, and alcoholic beverages. It covers topics like water treatment methods; the history and health concerns of soft drinks; trends in nutraceutical, sports, and energy drinks; factors that influence coffee and tea preparation; and processes for making beer, wine, and spirits. The chapter summary states that most beverages fall into one of seven categories: water, carbonated, fruit/vegetable, functional, aromatic, dairy, or alcoholic.

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Understanding Food Principles and Preparation • Fifth Edition
AMY BROWN
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Beverages
27

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• Bottled water is regulated by the FDA
• Tap water is regulated by the EPA
• Sources of water
– Artesian
– Mineral
– Spring
– Well
Water

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• Water treatment methods
– Deionized
– Distilled
– Reverse osmosis
• Beverages labeled “sparkling water, soda
water, tonic water, or club soda” are
considered soft drinks by the FDA
Water (cont’d.)

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• Early soft drinks
• Soft drink processing
• Soft drink health concerns
• Diet soft drinks
• Food additives in soft drinks
Carbonated Drinks

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Carbonated Drinks (cont’d.)

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• Nutraceutical beverages
– Nutraceutical trends
• Sports and performance beverages
• Smart beverages
• Energy beverages
Functional Beverages

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Functional Beverages (cont’d.)

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• Drink water
• Choose lower-kcalorie flavored beverages
– 150 kcalories for each12-ounce beverage
• Beverages can contribute excess sugar
• Fruit juice is nutritious, but sugary as well
• Alcoholic beverages also deliver kcalories
Calorie Control: Beverages

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• Coffee processing
– Removing the hull
– Roasting
– Grinding
– Decaffeination
– Preparation of instant coffee
Coffee

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• Composition of coffee
– Volatile compounds
– Bitter substances
– Methylxanthines
Coffee (cont’d.)

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• Types of coffee
– Types of beans
• Blended & unblended coffees
– Types of processing
• Instant, decaffeinated, & espresso coffees
– Types of ingredients
• Specialty coffees, café brulot, Irish coffee, imitation
coffee, café au lait, café latte, café con leche,
flavored coffees, iced coffee, etc.
Coffee (cont’d.)

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• Factors in the preparation of coffee
– Coffee freshness
– Water-to-coffee ratio
– Water type and water temperature
– Brewing time
– Brewing equipment
– Holding time
• Why should coffee be stored?
Coffee (cont’d.)

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Coffee (cont’d.)

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• Types of tea (based on processing and
ingredients)
– Black tea
– Green tea
– Oolong tea
– White teas
– Flavored teas
– Herbal teas
– Specialty teas
Tea

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Tea (cont’d.)

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• Grades of tea
• Composition of tea
– Health benefits of tea
• Preparation of tea
– Brewed, iced, instant, and microwaved
• How should tea be stored?
Tea (cont’d.)

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• Cocoa beverages
– Syrup vs. paste method
Dairy Beverages

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Alcoholic Beverages

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• Beer
– Beer production
• Malting, brewing, fermenting, lagering, filtering or
pasteurizing
– Types of beer
• Ales, lagers, and specialty beers
– How do you serve and store beer?
Alcoholic Beverages (cont’d.)

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• Wine
– Wine production
• Fermentation, racking, and aging
– Evaluating and selecting a wine
• Some factors: types (regions) of wine, colors of
wine
– What are the food additives in wine?
Alcoholic Beverages (cont’d.)

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• Spirits
– Proof
– Common spirits
• Brandy, gin, liquor or cordial, rum, vodka, and
whiskey
Alcoholic Beverages (cont’d.)

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• Most beverages fall into one of the
following seven categories:
– Water
– Carbonated
– Fruit/vegetable
– Functional
– Aromatic (coffee and tea)
– Dairy
– Alcohol
Chapter Summary