Chapter 14_Cathodic_Protection.pdf
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Cathodic protection is a technique used to protect metallic structures from corrosion. It works by making the structure act as a cathode through the use of sacrificial anodes or impressed current systems. Cathodic protection was first used in 1824 on British ships and has since been applied to pipelines, water tanks, and other submerged structures. It provides effective corrosion protection but cannot be used in non-conductive liquids or screened areas. Sacrificial anode systems require no external power but have limited current output, while impressed current systems use an external power source. Anodic protection also controls corrosion, but works by anodically polarizing metals to promote the formation of a passive film. It is only suitable for metals that exhibit active-
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Effect of cathodic protection by akmol-48
This document discusses methods for cathodic protection to control corrosion. It describes two main methods: (1) sacrificial anodes (galvanic action) which use more active metals like zinc or magnesium that corrode instead of the protected structure; and (2) impressed current systems which use an external DC power source to force the structure to act as a cathode. The document provides examples of applications for each method and notes their advantages and disadvantages. Sacrificial anodes are best for small, well-coated structures while impressed current is used for large, complex structures.
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Cathodic protection is a method used to protect steel structures like pipelines, ships, and platforms from corrosion. There are two main types: galvanic anode cathodic protection which uses sacrificial anodes to create a potential difference; and impressed current cathodic protection which uses an external power source and inert anodes. Both types aim to polarize the protected structure negatively to prevent corrosion from occurring. Cathodic protection is commonly used on buried pipelines to mitigate corrosion where coatings may be damaged.
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μm) glass-ceramic electrolyte “window”. The aluminum foil
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Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Technical Drawings introduction to drawing of prisms
Method of technical Drawing of prisms,and cylinders.
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
Bigdata of technology
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
bank management system in java and mysql report1.pdf
truth is high but higher still is truth full living
DfMAy 2024 - key insights and contributions
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine Learning
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, SerbiaCHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
哪里办理(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Recently uploaded (20)
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Technical Drawings introduction to drawing of prisms
Technical Drawings introduction to drawing of prisms
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
bank management system in java and mysql report1.pdf
bank management system in java and mysql report1.pdf
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
Chapter 14_Cathodic_Protection.pdf
- 1. Cathodic Protection Chapter 14 Instructor: Dr. Md. Easir Arafat Khan Associate Professor Department of Chemical Engineering, BUET, Dhaka- 1000 July 2022 ChE 409
- 2. How to prevent or minimize corrosion? • changing the metallic material to another one • altering the environment making it less aggressive • separating the metallic material from the environment • changing the electrode potential of the metal/alloy • appropriate design at the design stage
- 3. Methods of corrosion protections Design Change of Metal Change of Environment Change of Electrode potential Use of Coating Cathodic Protection Anodic Protection
- 4. Principle of Cathodic Protection
- 5. Historical background • 1824: Sir Humphry Davy proposed cathodic protection to British ships • 1829: Edmund Davy successfully protected iron buoys in the sea by attaching zinc blocks • Lately Cathodic Protection (CP) has been used to protect thousands of miles of buried pipelines and cables. • Other CP applications are to submarines, water tanks, canal gates, marine piling, offshore oil/gas drilling structures, etc.
- 6. CP cannot be used • Above the waterline and in vapour • In non-conducting liquids, such as oil • In electrically screened areas • In extremely corrosive environments. Although theoretically possible, power costs would be too high and hence CP would be impractical
- 7. CP with sacrificial anodes
- 8. Sacrificial anode – domestic hot water tank
- 9. CP with sacrificial anodes • Advantages • no external power is needed. Hence, this method can be used in remote rural areas with no power supply lines. • low cost of installation • low maintenance cost • Disadvantages • limited current output • limitations of soil resistivity
- 10. CP by impressed current
- 11. Use of insulating coating • to improve current distribution • total current needed is lower • one anode can protect longer pipeline
- 12. Use of backfill • Backfill is used to reduce the resistivity of the nearby soil • A backfill may consist of approximately 20% bentonite, 75% gypsum and 5% Na2SO4. Bentonite is an inorganic colloid used for moisture retention.
- 13. Economics of CP • For underground and underwater pipelines, CP is the least expensive method offering equal protection • CP has made it possible to transport oil and natural gas (at high pressure) across thousands of miles of land or Sea • With CP system working, enables the pipeline design engineer to specify thinner pipe wall as long as that can withstand the pressures. Corrosion allowance need not be provided. This saves lot of money.
- 14. Examples of CP use • Gates of canals (e.g. Panama canal gates) • All natural gas pipelines in Bangladesh and elsewhere • All modern ships (sacrificial anode). Some ships of Canadian Navy have been protected by impressed current CP.
- 16. Revisiting anodic polarization curve
- 17. Protection of acid storage tank
- 18. Some facts • Anodic protection can be applied only to metals/alloys which show active- passive behaviour and are readily passivated when anodically polarized • Contrary to cathodic protection, corrosion rates are never reduced to zero • In anodic protection, throwing power is rather high. • Anodic protection cannot be applied in environments containing Cl- ions • If protection breaks down due to failure of electrical system severe pitting may take place
- 19. Applications • Carbon steel equipment vs. oleum, sulfuric acid, super phosphoric acid. • Stainless steel equipment vs. sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, mixed sulfuric and nitric acid.
- 20. Cathodic vs anodic protection