The document discusses the UN's Millennium Development Goals and sustainable human development. It provides details on the eight Millennium Development Goals, which aim to reduce poverty, hunger, disease, maternal and child mortality, and lack of access to clean water and education by 2015. Achieving these goals requires addressing the interrelationships between health, human development, and environmental sustainability to ensure people can meet their needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. Developed countries can support developing countries' progress through measures like debt relief, education, and facilitating more affordable trade.

1. Chapter 11 – Millennium Development GoalsHH330 – Unit 4 – AoS1

2. Key KnowledgeKey Knowledge Addressed this Chapter and the Next SAC:The eight UN’s Millennium Development Goals, their purpose and the reasons whythey are important;The interrelationships between health, human development and sustainability toproduce sustainable human development in a global context.

3. Key SkillsKey Skilss Addressed this Chapter and the Next SAC:Describe the eight Millinnium Development Goals, their purpose and reasons why they are important;Evaluate the progress towards the Millennium Development Goals;Analyse in different scenarios the interrelationships between health, human development and sustainability.

4. Human DevelopmentExplore The Concept Further

5. 5Human development-> Creating an environment in which people can: develop to their full potential

6. lead productive, creative lives in accordance with their needs and interests ->Expanding people’s choices and enhancing capabilities through: increased participation in community life and decision-making

7. access to knowledge

8. standards in living and health6Sustainability -> Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needsSustainable human development……is a process of people striving to achieve their full potential, lead productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs without compromising the opportunities for future generations

9. Objectives of Sustainable Human Development

10. 8The interrelationships between health, human development and sustainability to produce sustainable human development

11. Calculating Human Development Index

12. The United Nations Millennium Goals

14. 12Millennium Development GoalsGoal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hungerTargets (purpose) Halve the proportion of people living on less than US$1 a day (between 1990 and 2015)

15. Halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger (between 1990 and 2015)Reason for the goalA child born in a developing country has a 4 in 10 chance of being born into poverty which decreases their access to resources and increases the risks to their health.

16. 13Goal 2: Achieve universal primary educationTargets (purpose) Ensure that (by 2015) children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schoolReason for the goalThere is a correlation between education levels and sustainable human development. Education is vital for improved health outcomes.

17. 14Cambridge University Press © Goodacre, Collins and Slattery 2010Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower womenTargets (purpose) Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education (preferably by 2005) and in all levels of education (by 2015)Reason for the goalWomen account for two-thirds of the world’s working hours but only earn 10% of the worlds income. 75% of the children not in school are female. Gender equality in education is needed to promote the health of women.

18. 15Goal 4: Reduce childhood mortalityTargets (purpose) Reduce the under-5 mortality rate by two thirds (between 1990 and 2015)Reason for the goalIn developing countries 15% of children will not reach their fifth birthday and simple interventions such as vaccination and clean water can save the lives of millions.

19. 16Cambridge University Press © Goodacre, Collins and Slattery 2010Goal 5: Improve maternal healthTargets (purpose) Reduce the maternal mortality rate by three quarters (between 1990 and 2015)Reason for the goalEach year 500,000 women in developing countries die from pregnancy related complications. In the sub-Saharan African region the risk of a woman dying due to pregnancy in 1 in 16 and most of these deaths are preventable.

20. 17Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseasesTargets (purpose) Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other major diseases (by 2015)Reason for the goalAIDS has orphaned more than 15 million children. The highest infection rates is among those aged 15-49 during their working years, so it also contributes to poverty. Malaria is a leading cause of child mortality yet it is highly preventable with simple measures.

21. 18Goal 7: Ensure environmental stabilityTargets (purpose) Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs, and reverse the loss of environmental resources

22. Halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to clean drinking water and basic sanitation (by 2015)

23. Achieve a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers (by 2020)Reason for the goalOvercrowding is an issue among the urban poor and 20% of the world’s population do not have access to sufficient safe water and 2.4 billion people lack access to sanitation.

24. 19Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for developmentSummary of targets (purpose) Relieve debt in developing countries and make debt sustainable in the long term

25. Provide non-discriminatory training in governance, development and poverty reduction

26. Develop and implement productive work for youth.

27. Provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries.

28. Make new technologies available, especially information and communication (internet).

29. Address the needs of landlocked developing countries & small island states.CONTINUED…

30. Activity 11.4Sustainable Human Development

31. 1. Define deforestation.Deforestation is the process of removing trees or clearing a forest.

32. 2. What are the long-term effects of deforestation on:The environment?Deforestation causes soil erosion that leads to degradation of farm land and devastation from floods. Health of individuals and communities?Local livelihood is affected through being unable to grow new crops, which also means it affects nutrition through having no food from the crops to eat or to sell to buy other nutritious foods.

33. 3. Why is deforestation an issue of sustainability?Deforestation is an issue of sustainability because the needs of the present are overshadowing the needs of the future, in terms of planting trees to replace those removed, to continue the cycle of the forest and the health of the land. The need for the trees is too urgent today for tomorrow to be considered.

34. 4. Explain how the provision of fast-growing fruit trees can have a positive impact on health.Possible reasons why fast-growing fruit trees can have a positive impact on health are;Being a nutritious food sourceBeing harvested and sold to provide income and to buy more nutritious foodTo keep the soil healthy and fertile for continued crops

35. 5. Describe how these fruit trees will have an impact on human development. The fruit tress will have an impact on human development because training and education in a variety of environmental care methods will be offered along with provision of the seedlings. This training will empower the people and enable them to make a fresh start, but better equipped and able to break the cycle of poverty, lack of education and lack of sustainability. They will have the means to earn income for themselves, eat a healthy diet and be well enough to continue the cycle, stretching it across the broader community.

36. 6. Discuss the elements of this strategy that make it a sustainable solution for human development and global health.Improving land stewardshipBettering local livelihoodsLocal livelihoods mean better incomeBetter income means better nutritionBetter nutrition means better healthBetter health means a more productive communityA more productive community means wider implementation of new agricultural skillsBetter health, more adequate health care and education about health care, including better nutritionAll these factors will lead to implementation of practises for the community for the future not just the present

37. 7. ‘Health, human development and sustainability are all interconnected.’ Discuss this statement.Some points to consider when discussing the statement ‘health human development and sustainability are all interconnected’ may be;Good health enables communities to better work at conserving and replacing resources for the futureHealthier individuals will be able to put more time into education and training which is the foundation for a strong, functioning community that is self sufficient and better equipped to plan for the futureSustainability, once put into practise, will keep soil and crops healthier and more abundant for today and tomorrow, positively impacting on income, health status and education

38. 8. Describe another sustainable strategy that focuses on improving global health and developmentOther sustainable strategies that focus on improving global health and development are;Teaching good governance using non discriminatory, open, rule based training and implement financial systems to aid in self reliance for communitiesIncrease debt relief for the least developed countries and increase development assistance, both financial and with practical education to promote sustainabilityAddress the special needs of each developing country and involve local communities in developing plans for recovery and sustainabilityCo-operating with developing countries on education and employment programs for young people and women to boost the economy and promote sustainability, good health through better nutrition due to income enabling a higher standard of care

39. Chapter Summary QuestionsChapter 11

40. 1. Define the term sustainability Sustainability means to provide resources adequately for the community in the present but also focusing on and ensuring resources are available in the future.

41. 2. Define sustainable human development. Sustainable human development is a process of people striving to achieve their full potential, lead more productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs without compromising the opportunities for future generations to meet their own needs.