Chapter 10(mis&dss and other)
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•201 views
This document discusses concepts related to problem solving, decision making, decision models, and the benefits of information systems and decision support systems. It addresses topics like programmed versus non-programmed decision making, optimization, satisficing and heuristic decision models, and how information systems and decision support systems can provide benefits such as increased efficiency, productivity, accuracy, and competitive advantages. The key benefits of information systems and decision support systems highlighted are time savings, effectiveness, communication, cost reduction, and organizational control.
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Viewers also liked (19)
Similar to Chapter 10(mis&dss and other)
Similar to Chapter 10(mis&dss and other) (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Chapter 10(mis&dss and other)
- 1. Concept • +Problem solving stage: • ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជ • -ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជ ជ • -ជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ • -ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជ ជ • -ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ
- 2. • Decision Making (Programmed/non-Programmed) + Decision Making -Programmed Decision Making: ជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជ(Error) ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ(guideline) ជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ
- 3. • ជជជជជជជ: ជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជ
- 4. -Non-Programmed Decision Making: ជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជ ជ ជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជ: ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជ
- 5. • +Decision Models (Optimization, Satisficing, and Heuristic Approaches) -Optimization Model: ជជជជជជជជជOrganization ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជOrganization ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ -Satisficing Model: ជជជជModel ជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ -Heuristic Approach Model: ជជជជModel ជ
- 6. • +Benefits of IS and DSS • Information System ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជជជជជ ជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជ ជ ជជជជជ ជជជជជជជជជជជជជជជ ជ ជជជជOrganizationជ
- 7. • -Benefit of IS • *Added value to products (goods and services) *Better safety *Better service *Competitive advantages *Fewer errors *Greater accuracy (មមមមមម មមមមមមមមមមមមមមមមម) ម ម ម *Higher-quality products *Improved communications *Increased efficiency (មមមមមមមមមមមម) ម *Increased productivity (មមមមមមមមមមម) ម *More efficient administration *More opportunities *Reduced labor requirements *Reduced costs *Superior financial decision making
- 8. • • • • • • • • • • *Superior managerial decision making -Benefit of DSS *Time savings *Enhance effectiveness *Improve interpersonal communication *Competitive advantage *Cost reduction *Increase decision maker satisfaction *Promote learning *Increase organizational control
- 9. • +MIS: • Management information systems refer to the practice of integrating computer systems, hardware and software used to meet an organization’s strategic goals. A MIS basically provides companies with four different types of information: descriptive, diagnostic, predictive and prescriptive. A MIS has become very important in the areas of strategic support, data processing and managing by objectives. Because a MIS provides enormous amounts of information many companies think they make great investments. This holds true only if the information gained from the MIS generates a change in a company’s harmful behavior. •
- 10. DSS DSS is a computer-based information system that provide interactive information supports to manager and business professionals during the decision making process. Principles of Information Systems, Tenth Edition 10
- 12. Comparison of DSS & MIS • +DSS -Provide information and decision support techniques to analyze specific problems. -Interactive inquiries and responses. -Ad hoc, flezible and adoptable format. -Information produced by analytical modeling of business data.
- 13. +MIS: -Provide information about the performance of the organization. -Periodic, exception, demand, push reports and responses. -Prespecified, fixed format. -Information produced by extraction and manipulation of business data.
- 14. • Characteristics of a DSS: • 1.Facilitation: DSS facilitate and support specific decision-making activities and/or decision processes. • 2. Interaction: DSS are computer-based systems designed for interactive use by decision makers or staff users who control the sequence of interaction and the operations performed. • 3. Ancillary: DSS can support decision makers at any level in an organization. They are not interded to replace decision makers. • 4. Repeated Use: DSS are intended for repeated use. A specific DSS may be used routinely or used as needed for ad hoc decision support tasks.
- 15. 5. Task-oriented: DSS provide specific capabilities that support one or more tasks related to decisionmaking, including: intelligence and data analysis ; identification and design of alternatives; choice among alternatives; and decision implementation. 6. Identifiable : DSS are intended to improve the accuracy , timeliness, quality and overall effectiveness of a specific decision or a set of related decision. 7. Decision Impact : DSS are intended to improve the accuracy , timeliness, quality and overall effectiveness of a specific decision or a set of related decisions.
- 16. -Capabilities of a DSS: 1. A DSS provides support for decision makers at all management levels, whether individuals or groups, mainly in semistructured and unstructured situations, by bringing together human judgement and objective information. 2. A DSS supports several interdependent and/or sequential decisions. 3. A DSS supports all phases of the decision-making process-intelligence, design, choice, and implementation-as well as a variety of decision making processes and styles. 4. A DSS is adaptable by the user over time to deal with changing conditions. 5. A DSS is easy to construct and use in many cases.
- 17. 6. A DSS promotes learning, which leads to new demands and refinement of the current application, which leads to additional learning, and so forth. 7. A DSS usually utilizes quantitative models (standard and/or custom made). 8. Advanced DSSs are equipped with a knowledge management component that allows the efficient and effective solution of very complex problems. 9. A DSS can be disseminated for use via the web. 10. A DSS allows the easy execution of sensitivity analyses.
- 18. GSS -GSS are information system that aim to make group meetings more productive by offering electronic support for a variety of meeting activities -GSS software packages: – Collabnet – OpenMind – TeamWare
- 19. • Decision room: – Decision makers are located in the same building or geographic area – Decision makers are occasional users of the GSS approach • Local area decision network: – Group members are located in the same building or geographic area – Group decision making is frequent
- 20. ESS An Executive Support System (ESS) is software that allows users to transform enterprise data into quickly accessible and executive-level reports, such as those used by billing, accounting and staffing departments. An ESS enhances decision making for executives
- 21. -Capabilities of an ESS: •Support for defining overall vision •Support for strategic planning •Support for strategic organizing and staffing •Support for strategic control •Support for crisis management