2. TRANSPORTATION
• The act of transporting someone or
something or the process of being
transported. (Meriam Webster)
• The movement of goods and persons from to
place to place and the various means by
which such movement is accomplished.
(Jean-Philippe Boulet)
3. MANAGEMENT
Management is the organization and coordination of the
activities of a business in order to achieve defined
objectives. It is often included as a factor of production
along with machines, materials and money. The basic
task of management includes both marketing and
innovation. (Peter Drucker)
Management is consists of the interlocking functions of
creating corporate policy and organizing, planning,
controlling, and directing an organization’s resources in
order to achieve the objectives of that policy. (Sir
Thomas More)
4. TRANSPORT AS A COMPONENT OF THE
TOURIST PRODUCT
Transportation is an essential element of the
tourist product in three ways:
• The means to reach the destination
• A necessary means of movement at the
destination
• In a minority of instances it is the actual
tourism attraction or activity.
5. Transport as transit
• By far the most important contribution of
transport is an means of transit between the
main tourism originating regions and the
destination. This accounts for 90% of tourist
use of transport.
• It is a derived demand, which is not
undertaken for its own sake but merely as a
means of getting from the tourism-
generating region to the tourism destination.
6. The degree to which travel is part of the leisure
experience has been analyzed as a continuum. It
is influenced by:
• The mode of transport. Some modes are
intrinsically more enjoyable than others
• Personality of the tourist
• Frequency with which the tourist uses
that mode
• The group with which one travels.
Supervising young children will for
instance add stress to journey.
7. Transport at the destination
• Once at the destination, visitors make use of
taxis, rental cars, scheduled bus and coach
services, rail and, depended on the destination,
even ferries. For long-haul holidays where the
country is seen as the destination area,
scheduled domestic air may be used and rail
should increase in significance.
• Travel in the destination area accounts for
around 10% of tourist use transport. This
involves tourists sharing scheduled local
transport services not specifically designed for
tourist use with the local population.
8. Transport as a tourist attraction
Increasingly, there are instances of transport, both
within and between countries, becoming an attractive
tourist product on its own right. The largest mass market
is the cruise industry. Other example include:
• Railway product – the palace on wheels (India),
the blue train (South Africa), the venice simplon-
orient-express (express), and the eastern and
oriental express (South-East Asia)
• Sea products – day trips by ferry
• Canal cruises in a narrow boat
• River cruises
12. • A transportation system may be defined as a planned
network of elements or physical components that
play a different roles in the transportation of goods
and persons from one place to another.
• The elements or physical components of a transport
system are referred to as the facilities.
• A transportation system can therefore be considered
as consisting of fixed facilities, the flow entities, and
control system that permit people and goods to
overcome the friction of geographical space efficiently
in order to participate in a timely manner in some
desired activity.
Transportation System
13. Transportation system can identify with four basic
elements:
• The WAY
• The TERMINAL
• The VEHICLE
• MOTIVE POWER
These elements vary for each transportation mode but
performance is dependent on the interaction of these four
elements. Speed, capacity, safety, security and even
perceived quality service for each mode is dictated by the
weakest element in the system.
14. The WAY
• This is the medium of travel over which the
vehicle operates. Railways and inland water-
ways restrict vehicle movement to specific
pathways, while road offers a much greater
degree of vehicle flexibility over the route
network.
15. The TERMINAL
• Public transport terminals give the passenger access
to the vehicle, or act as an interchange between
different modes of transport. Not all modes need to
have sophisticated terminals; buses coaches for
instance can and do operate from roadside locations,
although town and city center terminals are often
more substantive.
• The most complex terminal is and airport and the
dramatic growth in air transport worldwide has
witnessed the development of many new airports in
recent 5 years ( Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur and
Athens) and expansion of others (Terminal 5 at
Heathrow).
16. The VEHICLE
• The carrying unit is the actual transportation
medium: the vehicle that facilitates the
movement. The nature of vehicles has been
influenced by numerous factors, which include
travel demand and technological developments,
as well as the other elements of the mode,
particularly motive power.
• Developments have occurred in the carrying
units which have enabled greater speed, and
usually, but not always, resulted in greater
efficiency, reduced unit cost and sometimes
improved consumer comfort.
17. The MOTIVE POWER
• The most important, motive power is the key
element in transportation development.
Natural power of horse-drawn carriages and
sailing vessels provided the initial energy for
transportation.
• The expansion of steam power provided the
opportunity for the introduction of
steamships, and railways which were such a
driving force behind the creation of mass
tourism.
18. TRANSPORTATION-RELATED SERVICE
ELEMENTS
Speed: Time-in-transit
Availability: Accessible to customer when
they want it
Dependability: pick-up and delivery time
variability
Flexibility: Adjustment to shipper’s needs
21. ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION
Time and Place Utility:
Movement across space or distance.
Place Utility – Where it is needed
Time Utility – Created or added by the
warehousing and storage of product until
it is needed.
Also a factor in time utility; it determines
how fast and how consistently a product
move from one point to another.
