This document provides an introduction to solid waste management issues in the Philippines. It discusses how rapid population growth and urbanization have increased waste generation. Improper disposal has degraded the environment. The study will assess awareness, practices, and attitudes around solid waste management among establishments in Alabel Public Market in Sarangani Province. It will determine compliance with waste management programs and how practices affect the market.
Action plan on waste management at home and in the community.monadey
the file tells how one can manage waste in the community and at home. if every one does it on a small scale the world would be a better place to live in. i have tried to show some steps by which waste can be controlled.
MGA DAHILAN AT EPEKTO SA PAGTAAS NG BILIHIN Papel-Pananaliksik/Research P...JoJo Joestar
Implasyon ay ang pagtaas sa pandaigdigang antas ng merkado presyo at ang market ng mga serbisyo, sa konteksto ng ekonomiya para sa inobserbahang tagal ng panahon. Ang antas ng presyo ay ang average na presyo ng mga paninda. Maglagay lamang, sa implasyon ay maaaring ipinaliwanag bilang isang pagbaba sa kapangyarihan sa pagbili ng pera.
Action plan on waste management at home and in the community.monadey
the file tells how one can manage waste in the community and at home. if every one does it on a small scale the world would be a better place to live in. i have tried to show some steps by which waste can be controlled.
MGA DAHILAN AT EPEKTO SA PAGTAAS NG BILIHIN Papel-Pananaliksik/Research P...JoJo Joestar
Implasyon ay ang pagtaas sa pandaigdigang antas ng merkado presyo at ang market ng mga serbisyo, sa konteksto ng ekonomiya para sa inobserbahang tagal ng panahon. Ang antas ng presyo ay ang average na presyo ng mga paninda. Maglagay lamang, sa implasyon ay maaaring ipinaliwanag bilang isang pagbaba sa kapangyarihan sa pagbili ng pera.
Social System of Pre-Colonial Period in the PhilippinesAnne Valino
Prepared by: Anne Mariz Valino
Compilation of Articles: Bonita Montina Jusay
Central Luzon State University
College Of Veterinary Science and Medicine
Subject: History 100
http://www.phdthesiswriting.biz/ The concept paper for PhD is often seen as an important part of post graduate scholarly work. As a student in PhD, your concept paper needs to be very uniquely done and effective enough to guarantee quality research papers in the end.
Zero Waste Management for Schools: A module prepared by Prof. Liwayway Memije...Liwayway Memije-Cruz
RATIONALE: ZERO WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
One of the more serious problems that our country and our university in particular encounter nowadays is pollution which is due to improper handling and disposal of solid wastes. This problem occurs not only in urban areas where population density is high and human activities are continuous and intense but is also felt in the regional and rural areas.
In Metro Manila, the population density is 14,440 persons per square kilometer, 63 times more than the national average. Per capita waste production daily is estimated at 0.66 kg. More than half a kilo of trash per person per day is a lot. The volume of daily wastes weights in a little over 6,000 tons. Only 85% of these wastes are collected. Uncollected wastes pile up and fester in street corners and marketplaces, vacant lots and other open (often unauthorized) dumpsites. Ubiquitous scavengers light into these waste piles to pick whatever they can salvage from the junk. These waste materials are the breeding ground of flies, mosquitoes, rats, and other manner of pests and disease-carrying organisms.
An irreducible amount of waste also finds its way into bodies of water, into ditches, storm drains, and sewer mains. This does not only contaminate and pollute our waters; come the rainy season, garbage plugs up the city’ sewerage and flood waters rise-causing untold damages to life and property. Common sense tells us that the most cost-effective way of managing waste is to do something at the source generation, that is, at home, at the office or at the institutional level.
Social System of Pre-Colonial Period in the PhilippinesAnne Valino
Prepared by: Anne Mariz Valino
Compilation of Articles: Bonita Montina Jusay
Central Luzon State University
College Of Veterinary Science and Medicine
Subject: History 100
http://www.phdthesiswriting.biz/ The concept paper for PhD is often seen as an important part of post graduate scholarly work. As a student in PhD, your concept paper needs to be very uniquely done and effective enough to guarantee quality research papers in the end.
Zero Waste Management for Schools: A module prepared by Prof. Liwayway Memije...Liwayway Memije-Cruz
RATIONALE: ZERO WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
One of the more serious problems that our country and our university in particular encounter nowadays is pollution which is due to improper handling and disposal of solid wastes. This problem occurs not only in urban areas where population density is high and human activities are continuous and intense but is also felt in the regional and rural areas.
In Metro Manila, the population density is 14,440 persons per square kilometer, 63 times more than the national average. Per capita waste production daily is estimated at 0.66 kg. More than half a kilo of trash per person per day is a lot. The volume of daily wastes weights in a little over 6,000 tons. Only 85% of these wastes are collected. Uncollected wastes pile up and fester in street corners and marketplaces, vacant lots and other open (often unauthorized) dumpsites. Ubiquitous scavengers light into these waste piles to pick whatever they can salvage from the junk. These waste materials are the breeding ground of flies, mosquitoes, rats, and other manner of pests and disease-carrying organisms.
An irreducible amount of waste also finds its way into bodies of water, into ditches, storm drains, and sewer mains. This does not only contaminate and pollute our waters; come the rainy season, garbage plugs up the city’ sewerage and flood waters rise-causing untold damages to life and property. Common sense tells us that the most cost-effective way of managing waste is to do something at the source generation, that is, at home, at the office or at the institutional level.
Sustainable Development through Waste Management: An Empirical Research throu...inventionjournals
The aim of this research is to examine the perspective of the costumers concerning the environmental practices that are applied by grocery stores (Supermarkets), especially in relation to packaging and food products that have expired. In order to arrive to a conclusion, a questionnaire was distributed amongst Greek costumers. The results of this survey showed that packaging and expired food products are considered by Greek consumers, as a big environmental problem. In detail, they think that these problems are not handled in a resultful way by the Supermarkets, although the Supermarkets are somewhat environmental friendly. Moreover, consumers are ethical-aware concerning their purchases, and they are willing to visit another supermarket (than their local one) or a "green" store that is more environmental friendly. However they are not willing to reward any environmental practices of their local supermarkets, if they have to suffer higher prices.
A good environment they say predetermines good health. If good health is to be measured at all the people and the environment will play a significant role. Illness and disease however, do not exist in isolation of the environment in particular. Waste is an object for which we have no further use and which has to be disposed off because of the danger it poses to the environment. Solid waste refers to garbage, refuse, rubbish, trash or litter generated through the domestic, commercial and industrial activities of man. As the population increased efforts were made to transport waste out of the cities. This study therefore examined the problems of solid waste disposal in Ibarapa East Local Government Area of Oyo state. Two hundred respondents were sampled from the study area. The major instruments of data collection were questionnaire administration, personal observation and oral interview Data were analyzed using cross tabulation and simple percentage The findings shows that the respondents were aware of effects that improper solid waste to have in their environment and health but still indulge in insanitary wasted disposal. Also the role of Government in waste disposal was below normal standard. It was recommended that the people should change their unsanitary system of waste disposal and government should improve on waste disposal policy.
PERSPECTIVES OF PROJECT ENGINEERING IN THE DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE IN COLOMBI...Enrique Posada
An analysis is made of the importance of engineering and conceptual analysis for the study of waste treatment and management alternatives. A review of the history of waste disposal in the Valley of Aburrá region of Colombia, allows to discuss the and problems of application of the project engineering and the lessons learned. Proposals are made as a contribution to the potential use of waste to energy methods of waste managing for the region and the country as a sustainable and effective tool for the management of solid waste.
Minimizing the increasing solid waste through zero waste strategy
Writing in the discipline.
Problem solution essay consist of 4 parts- Situation, Problem, Solution, Evaluation
Ijaems apr-2016-27 Public-Private Partnership Approach to Governance of Solid...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
This research intended to determine the performance of the PPP Approach to governance in the Solid Waste Management Program of Batangas City. It utilized descriptive research design involving 393 urban and rural households. The tasks of solid waste collection and disposal were given to a private contractor based on a mutually agreed Terms of Reference. The PPP approach was found efficient in terms of cost efficiency, quick response time, manpower, and minimization of backlogs and effective in four dimensions – promptness, sustainability, equity and progressiveness, and ineffective on adequacy. Rural residents viewed the PPP approach as ineffective in terms of said dimensions. There is significant difference between the perception of urban and rural residents on the effectiveness of the PPP approach. The results of this study would seem to suggest that in developing countries, like the Philippines, it might be necessary to tap the private sector to partner with local government units, so that the management of solid wastes could be done in a more efficient and a more effective way.
Solid waste management (SWM) is one of the major environmental issues in cities of many
developing countries, including Nepal. Urbanization, Industrialization and economic
development has led to increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). The use of
products that generate hazardous waste is another concern. Unmanaged disposal of medical
wastes from hospitals and clinics also contribute to pollution and public health hazards in the
localities. Therefore, SWM has become a major concern for the municipalities of Nepal. The
total sample size of 21 from the households, Restaurants, Hotels, commercial shops (including
Fruit shop, Barber shop, Spectacle shop, Library, Book shop etc.) were collected around
Kathmandu municipality.
Consumers Buying Trend on No Plastic Bags Campaign at Shopping Mall In Malacc...inventionjournals
A questionnaire of consumers buying trends on no plastic bags campaign at shopping mall in Malacca City (Aeon Mall, Tesco stores and Giant Food Stores) has been used to examine the consumers buying trends and evaluate customers behaviors on this campaign. The results of this study used to improve performance of the related industries and marketers. The study gathers a questionnaire survey from 215 customers and employs a semi-structured interview with the relevant stakeholders. A descriptive statistical analysis as well as correlations analysis has been performed using SPSS version 22. The analysis includes an investigation into how much the consumer’s perception on this campaign. The study assumes its own criteria in deciding effectiveness of the campaign. If the person who take plastic bags and pay the levy is 75% or more, then the program can be considered as effective. If the percentage is 50% or only slightly more than 50%, we considered the tax was not very effective. If it is below 50%, the tax is not efficient. Limitations of study observe that can only during a purchase transaction. In this analysis, we did not get to capture motives of consumers in their participations in the program of, "No Plastic Bag". However, the selection of the method of observation reflects actual behavior of consumers in making purchases and thus actual decision involving the use of plastic bags can be directly observed. The study has its limitations. As the method of obtaining data is through observation and survey, some variables represent actual behavior of consumers while some others are information recorded based on observation.
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Chapter 1 (Research)
1. 1
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
Being one of the developing countries, Philippines have increased waste
generation matching its dramatic growth of population, urbanization and
enhanced living standards. Improper waste disposal has been a major
contributing factor to the environment degradation. Thus, an effective waste
management system must be introduced.
Southeast Asian countries, conversely, are the top contributors to
mishandled waste that is either littered or dumped in landfills. Certain Southeast
Asian countries produce 8.9 million metric tons of waste yearly, and 60% of
marine debris comes from ASEAN countries (Ismail, 2018). An ASEAN Leaders'
Gathering was conducted to address the waste problem wherein leaders
committed to collaborate to attain the Sustainable Development Goals and seek
for solutions to control the development gap (Leone, 2018).
In the Philippines, proper waste management is a crucial problem not only
for schools but for the whole country. Lifang (2017) states that 35,000 tonnes of
waste are produced by the Philippines daily. Porcalla (2018) also relays that an
administration lawyer reveals that the Philippines is third in leaking plastic waste
into the ocean and has one of the highest ratings in Southeast Asia in terms of
trash collection rates. Cognizant to the problem, the Philippine government
passed the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 or the RA 9003
2. 2
which became an umbrella to environmental acts in the Philippines (Aquino,
Deriquito, & Festejo, 2013). As stated by Tantuco (2018) "The law also created
the National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC), headed by the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)." Tantuco added that
the NSWM is comprised of the heads of 13 other government offices and three
representatives from the private sector.
As emphasized in the 1987 Philippines Constitution, Article II, Section 16,
the state shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balance and
healthful ecology in accordance with the rhythm and harmony of nature. As of
today, several methods have been developed in order to respond to the
emerging waste management problems.
The Ecological Solid Waste Management in the Philippines also referred to
as Republic Act 9003 is one of the national programs mandated to address the
issue on solid waste management. It provides directives to the local government
units (LGUs) for the creation of their respective Solid Waste Management Boards,
formulation of a ten-year Solid Waste Management Plans, construction of
materials recovery facilities (MRFs) and construction of final disposal facilities.
However, in the past 16 years of its implementation, there has been very
little transformation in solid waste management. Large percentage of the total
Filipino population is still unaware of the implementation of this law and the
adverse effect brought about by improper waste disposal.
3. 3
This study will endeavor to assess the solid waste management
awareness, practices and attitude among establishment in public market in
Alabel Sarangani Province. Also, this study will be measuring the effectiveness of
the existing solid waste management programs implemented in the province.
Statement of the Problem
Generally, the researcher will endeavor to determine the solid waste
management practices among the establishment in Alabel Public Market, Alabel
Sarangani Province.
Specifically, the study will answer to the following sub-problems.
1. What are the practices of the respondents towards solid waste
management in terms of:
1.1. Awareness; and
1.2. Disciplined
2. What is the status of solid waste management programs among the
establishment in Alabel Public Market?
3. How does the solid waste management practice affect the
establishment in Alabel Public Market, Alabel Sarangani Province?
4. 4
Significance of the Study
This study will help in educating establishment owners and vendors itself
of proper way in disposing of waste. This research will specifically benefit the
following:
Municipality of Alabel, Sarangani Province. This study will help the
municipality by making the public market to lessen waste production. Once the
public market decreases its waste production, the municipality will have less
waste to collect as well. Waste collected from the public market is now also
segregated; therefore, the waste management for the municipality is far easier.
The municipal can get ideas from this study to be applied to other institutions.
Public Market. The public market can benefit from this study by having
a planned-out waste disposal system. The maintenance working for the public
market will have an easier job of collecting the waste once the owners/vendors
segregate.
Establishment owners/vendors. The research can help the
owners/vendors by letting them know proper waste disposal. They can apply
what they practice at the market once they are outside and benefit society by
identifying how to manage and dispose of their waste and by recycling and
reusing.
Garbage Collectors. Garbage collectors will significantly be benefited
from this study due to the already segregated waste collected from the public
market, which will ease their work
5. 5
Scope and Delimitations
This study will be conducted to determine the solid waste management
awareness, disciplined and practices among the establishment in Alabel Public
Market, Alabel Sarangani Province.
This study is will focused on the awareness, disciplined, and practice of
proper solid waste management in Alabel Public Market. This study will only
tackle the segregation and recycling of solid waste produced by establishment in
the public market. Other areas of solid waste management are not included in
this research. Owners and vendors in Alabel Public Market will be the
respondents of the study. Questionnaires will be given to the owners and
vendors to determine the application of proper solid waste management.
Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined conceptually and operationally to give
the reader clearer views and understanding of the study.
Biodegradable. Conceptually, Chait (2019) defines biodegradable as an
item that can break down into natural materials in the environment without
causing harm. Operationally, it refers to materials capable of being broken down
rapidly by microorganisms in Alabel Public Market.
Food Waste. Conceptually, food waste refers to food intended for
consumption that is discarded along the food supply chain and cannot be used
6. 6
("What is Food," 2017). Operationally, food waste refers to edible and inedible
food that is disposed of in Alabel Public Market.
Hazardous Waste. Conceptually, hazardous waste refers to waste with a
chemical composition or other properties that make it capable of causing illness,
death, or some other harm to humans and other life forms when mismanaged or
released into the environment ("Hazardous Waste," 2019). Operationally, waste
materials in Alabel Public Market that are flammable, corrosive, toxic and
explosive which can harm or cause environmental destruction.
Municipal Solid Waste. Conceptually, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a
pool of various solid wastes by towns and cities from different types of
household activities (Niazi & Wang, 2016). Operationally, it is the sum of waste
from different establishments in a town or municipality.
Non-Biodegradable. Conceptually, non-biodegradable refers to the kind
of substance which cannot be broken down by natural organisms and acts as a
source of pollution ("Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable," n.d.). Operationally,
non-biodegradable refers to materials that cannot be decomposed by biological
processes in Alabel Public Market.
Practice. Conceptually, practice is defined as a coherent set of activities
that are commonly engaged in, and meaningful in particular ways, among people
familiar with a certain culture (Craig, 2005). Operationally, practice refers to the
owners' and vendors’ execution of waste management in Alabel Public Market.
7. 7
Recycling. Conceptually, recycling is known as the process of collecting
and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and
turning them into new products (United States Environmental Protection Agency,
2018). Operationally, recycling refers to converting waste materials into new
materials or objects in Alabel Public Market.
Segregation. Conceptually, waste segregation is a separation and
division of waste into dry and wet sortation. (Fonseca, 2017). Operationally,
waste segregation is the separation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable
waste in Alabel Public Market.
Solid Waste Management. Conceptually, solid waste management is
the process of treating solid wastes and offers a variety of solutions for recycling
items that do not belong to trash (Rinkesh, n.d.). Operationally, solid waste
management is the activity or action required to handle waste disposal properly
in Alabel Public Market.
Waste Disposal. Conceptually, Ng (2018) defines waste disposal as a
blanket term for collecting, processing or recycling waste materials.
Operationally, waste disposal refers to the act of people in Alabel Public Market
disposing waste into bins.