This document provides an overview of research and inquiry. It discusses the nature of inquiry and how it involves seeking information through questioning. Research is defined as a systematic process of investigating sources to establish facts and reach conclusions. The document outlines various types of undergraduate research experiences and notes that research is important in many fields as it leads to new knowledge and discoveries that can improve life.

1. CHAPTER 1
NATURE OF
INQUIRY AND
RESEARCH

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
• SHARE RESEARCH EXPERIENCES AND KNOWLEDGE;
• EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IN DAILY
LIFE;
• DESCRIBE CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS
OF RESEARCH;
• DIFFERENTIATE QUANTITATIVE FROM QUALITATUVE
RESEARCH;AND
• PROVIDE EXAMPLES OF THE TYPES OF RESEARCH AND
AREAS OF INTEREST.

3. LESSON 1:
RESEARCH
EXPERIENCE AND
KNOWLEDGE

4. INTRODUCTION
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIETY FROM ITS SIMPLE
TO COMPLEX STATE WILL REVEAL THE MANY AND
VARIED PROBLEMS FACED BY HUMAN KIND.
THUS, SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS MUST BE ON
KNOWLEDGE NOT ON MERE BELIEFS , GUESSESS OR
THEORIES. TO ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGW AND TO
CONTINOUSLY EVALUATE ITS ACCURACY AND
USEFULNESS REQUIRES A WELL PLANNED AND
SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE ON WHICH RESEARCH HAS
BEEN DEVISED TO MEET THIS NEED.

5. NATURE OF INQUIRY
• IT IS DEFINED AS “ SEEKING FOR TRUTH,
INFORMATION OR KNOWLEDGE”. THE INFORMATION
IS SOUGHT THROUGH QUESTIONING. INDIVIDUALS
CARRY ON THE PROCESS OF INQUIRY FROM BIRTH
TILL DEATH
• THE PROCESS OF INQUIRY BEGINS WITH GATHERING
INFORMATION AND DATA HTOUGH APPLYING THE
VARIOUS HUMAN SENSES
• THE RATIONALE WHY THIS IS NECESSARY IS THAT

6. •THE EXPLORATORY NATURE OF INQUIRY ALLOWS
INDIVIDUALS PARTICULARLY STUDENTS TO
GRAPPLE WITH DIFFERENT WAYS OF LOOKING
AT IDEAS AND ISSUES AND TO THINK CREATIVELY
ABOUT PROBLEMS THAT DO NOT POSSESS
SIMPLE 9 OR PERHAPS EVEN ANY0 ANSWER.
•APPLIED TO LEARNING, THE ELEMENTS OF
INQUIRY-BASED PROCESS ARE MULTIPLE, VARIED
AND OPEN TO SELECTION.DIFFERENT FACTORS
WILL BE INVOLVED IN DIFFERENT KINDS OF
INQUIRIES IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE

7. 1. SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE QUESTIONS
2. FORMULATION OF APPROPRIATE QUESTIONS
3. IDENTIFICATION OF KEY ISSUES
4. SEARCH FOR VALID AND RELEVANT EVIDENCE
5. INTERPRETATION AND ASSESSMENT OF EVIDENCE
6. APPLICATION OF EVIDENCE TO IDENTIFIED ISSUES
7. PRESENTATION OF COHERENT, CONCLUSION,FINAL
OR TENTATIVE
8. REFLECTION ON, AND ASSESSMENT OF THE
LEARNING PROCESS.

8. EXPERIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE
• IT IS A FAMILIAR AND A WELL-USED SOURCE OF
KNOWLEDGE
• JUST AS WISDOM IS PASSED ON FROM ONE
GENERATION TO THE NEXT AS A RESULT OF
EXPERIENCE
• HOWEVER,ONE MAY BE LIMITED IN TERMS OF
EXPERIENCES AS A SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE.EVENTS
MAY HAPPEN IN THE SAME WAY BUT MAY HAVE
DIFFERENT EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUALS.

9. WHAT IS RESEARCH
• IT IS THE SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION AND STUDY OF
MATERIALS AND SOURCES TO ESTABLISH FACTS AND
REACH NEW CONCLUSIONS.
• RESEARCH HAS COME UP WITH DEVELOPING
APPROPRIATE SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE
INDIVIDUAL’S QUALITY OF LIFE.ALTHOUGH, IT MAY
TAKE PLACE IN DIFFERENT SETTINGS AND MAY USE
DIFFERENT METHODS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IS
UNIVERSALLY A SYSTEMATIC AND OBJECTIVE SEARCH
FOR RELIABLE KNOWLEDGE

10. •MOST OFTEN, YOU ARE NOT AWARE OF THE
BENEFITS DERIVED FROM CONDUCTING
RESEARCH. SOME BENEFITS OF CONDUCTING
RESEARCH INCLUDE INCREASING PERSONAL
KNOWLEDGE.
•RESEARCH IS AN ACT OF STUDYING SOMETHING
CAREFULLY AND EXTENSIVELY IN ORDER TO
ATTAIN DEEP KNOWLEDGE. WHEN DONE ON A
LARGER SCALE, RESEARCH CONTRIBUTES TO THE
WELFARE OF HUMANITY. IT CAN BE CREATIVE,
EXPLORING OR JUST REASSURING IN NATURE.

11. RESEARCH HOLDS THE
FOLLOWING SIGNIFICANT DATA:
1. TO GATHER NECESSARY INFORMATION
2. TO MAKE CHANGES
3. TO IMPROVE STANDARD OF LIVING
4. FOR A SAFER LIFE
5. TO KNOW THE TRUTH
6. TO EXPLORE OUR HISTORY
7. TO UNDERSTAND ARTS

12. AS INDIVIDUAL STUDENTS, YOU
MAY BE ASKED TO WRITE A
RESEARCH PAPER FOR THESE
REASONS;
•RESEARCH TEACHES METHODS OF DISCOVERY
•RESEARCH TEACHES INVESTIGATIVE SKILLS
•RESEARCH TEACHES CRITICAL THINKING
•RESEARCH TEACHES LOGIC
•RESEARCH TEACHES THE BASIC INGREDIENTS OF
ARGUMENT

13. WHY DO RESEARCH?
•THE WRITING PROCESS WILL MAKE YOU
CONFIDENT IN YOUR ABILITY TO FIND
INFORMATION AND PRESENT IT EFFECTIVELY IN
VARIED WAYS.
•ALL THOSE PAPERS REQUIRE SOME TYPE OF
RESEARCH WRITING. YOU WILL UNDERTAKE
SUCH WRITTEN ACTIVITY DURING YOUR SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL AND WILL INCREASE IN
FREQUENCY AS YOU ENTER COLEGE.

14. -YOU CAN INVESTIGATE TOPICS THAT MAY BE
OF INTEREST TO YOU
-IT CAN MAKE YOU STUDY (COURSE WORK)
MORE MEANINGFUL AND YOU’LL DISCOVER
REAL WORLD APPLICATION OF WHAT
YOU’RE STUDYING
-YOU CAN HAVE HANDS-ON, PRACTICAL
EXPERIENCE IN YOUR FIELD OF STUDY

15. •RESEARCH IS A GREAT WAY TO NETWORK AND
MEET NEW PEOPLE.
•IT ALLOWS YOU TO GROW AND UNCOVER
OPPORTUNITIES FOR LATER CAREER.
•RESEARCH IS CONDUCTED IN ALL DISCIPLINES
AND ENCOMPASSES A BROAD RANGE OF
ACTIVITIES-FROM LEARNING ABOUT RESEARCH
TO DISCOVERING NEW KNOWLEDGE AND
CREATING NEW WORDS.
•RESEARCH IS ABOUT SOLVING PROBLEMS AND
ANSWERING QUESTIONS IN ALL DISCIPLINES

16. FORMS OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
EXPERIENCES
• CLASS-BASED ACTIVITIES-SUCH AS NATURALISTIC
OBSERVATION, SURVEYS AND EXPERIMENTS CAN OFTEN BE
STRUCTURED TO TRAIN STUDENTS IN THE STEPS OF THE
RESEARCH PROCESS.
• CLASS-BASED PROJECTS LIKE TERM PAPERS, SERVICE
LEARNING AND COMMUNITY-BASED AND CAMPUS-BASED
LEARNING CAN BE OF A RESEARCH NATURE.
• CAPSTONE EXPERIENCES LIKE SENIOR RESEARCH PROJECTS
AND RESEARCH TASKS/ASSIGNMENTS CAN ALLOW
STUDENTS TO DEVELOP AND EXPLORE A RESEARCH
QUESTION OF THEIR OWN.

17. LESSON 2: IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IN
DAILY LIFE
• OUR EVERYDAY LIFE HAS ALWAYS BEEN PUNCTUATED
BY EXCITING ADVENTURES, CHALLENGING
SITUATIONS AND SURPRISING DSICOVERIES. WHEN
CONFRONTED WITH DOUBTS AND PROBLEMS, YOU
TURN TO FINDING OUT WHAT COULD BE POSSIBLE
ANSWERS AND SOLUTIONS TO THEM.
• RESEARCH LEADS AN EXPANSION OF KNOWLEDGE
AND DISCOVERIES. RESEARCH EFFECTS HAVE LED TO
BREAKTHROUGH. PROJECTIONS ABOUT FUTURE
EVENTS LIKE GLOBAL WARMING HAVE ALSO BEEN

18. •RESEARCH IS A SYSTEMATIC PROCESS OF
COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DATA OR
INFORMATION IN ORDER TO INCREASE
UNDERSTANDING OF A PHENOMENON.
•IT IS AN INQUIRY PROCESS.
•IT IS FORMAL PROCESS OF PROBLEM
SOLVING.
•IT IS A SET OF PROCEDURES AND STAGES.
•IT ORIGINATES WITH A QUESTION OR A
PROBLEM.

19. LASTLY, RESEARCH IS IMPORTANT IN
PROVIDING A SOLID FOUNDATION FOR THE
•DISCOVERY AND CREATION OF
KNOWLEDGE,THEORY-BUILDING.
•TESTING, CONFIRMATION,REVISION, AND
REFUTATION OF KNOWLEDGE AS THEORY
•ADVANCE A DISCIPLINE OR FIELD.
•ADVANCEMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN
VARIOUS ASPECTS OF LIFE.
•PROMOTION AND TENURE OF INDIVIDUALS

20. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH
1. TO GATHER NECESSARY INFORMATION
2. TO IMPROVE STANDARD OF LIVING
3. TO HAVE A SAFER LIFE
4. TO KNOW THE TRUTH
5. TO EXPLORE OUR HISTORY
6. TO UNDERSTAND ARTS

21. RESEARCH AND SOCIETY
OUR PERCEPTIONS OF THE WORLD, THE WAY WE EXPERIENCE
OUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS, THE ORGANIZATIONS OF
A SOCIETY AS A WHOLE ARE PROFOUNDLY INFLUENCED BY
THE EXPANSION OF KNOWLEDGE; BOTH IN THE EXACT
SCIENCES LIKE MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS, BIOLOGY AND
CHEMISTRY AND THE HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES LIKE
ECONOMICS, LAW PSYVHOLOGY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE.
RESEARCH IS CLOSELY CONNECETD WITH DEVELOPMENT. THE
RESUTS/FINDINGS OF STUDIES ALSO AFFECT SOCIETY AND
THE LIVES OF EACH ONE OF US.RESEARCH IS VERY VITAL TO
OUR EVERYDAY DECISION MAKING. THE RESEACH YOU DO

22. RESEARCH AND OTHER
FIELD/AREAS
RESEARCH LEADS TO AN EXPANSION OF
KNOWLEDGE AND DISCOVERIES OF NEW
MEDICAL TREATMENT AND CURES.
RESEARCH EFFORTS HAVE ALSO LED TO
BREAK THROUGH IN AGRICULTURE SUCH AS
THE INTRODUCTION OF HIGH-YIELD AND
DROUGHT-RESISTANT
VARIETIES.PROJECTIONS OF THE EFFECTS OF

23. RESEARCH BENEFITS THEREFORE,
CAN BE SEEN AND FELT IN THE
FOLLOWING FIELDS;
• ECONOMIC RESEARCH REFERS TO MATTERS CONCERNING THE
ENVIRONMENT AND WHICH MAY LEAD TO IMPROVED TECHNIQUES
TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION.
• SOCIAL RESEARCH LEADS TO AN INCREASED KNOWLEDGE OF
PEOPLE AND THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH ONE ANOTHER, WHICH
COULD BE RELEVANT TO POLICY MAKERS.
• ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH FOCUSES ON IMPROVED TECHNIQUES
TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION.
• CULTURAL RESEARCH LEADS TO INCREASED UNDERSTANDING OF
CULTURAL VALUES OR SOCIAL APPROACHES.
• HEALTH RESEARCH CONTRIBUTES TO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING
OF THE CAUSES OF MEDICAL CONDITIONS.