Statistics is the collection, analysis, and interpretation of quantitative data. It originated from government and games of chance to organize and summarize large data sets in a meaningful way. There are two main types of statistics - descriptive statistics which summarizes and presents data, and inferential statistics which makes generalizations about a larger population from a sample. Key concepts in statistics include variables, populations, samples, parameters, and statistics.

1. • Statistics is a collection of quantitative data, such as
statistics of crimes, statistics on enrolment, statistics
on unemployment, and the like. Statistics is also a
science, which deals with the collection, presentation
analysis, and interpretation of quantitative data.
•The origin of modern statistics can be traced to two
areas of interest, which on the surface, have very little
in common: government (political science) and games
of chance.

2. • DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS deals with the methods of
organizing, summarizing and presenting a mass of
data so as to yield meaningful information.
• INFERENTIAL STATISTICS deals with making
generalization about a body if data where only a part of
it is examined.

3. • Population is the set of all individuals or entities
under consideration or study
•Variable is a characteristic of interest measurable on
each and every individual in the universe, denoted by
any capital letter in the English alphabet, is called a
variable.
a) Qualitative Variable consists of categories or
attributes, which have non-numerical characteristics.
b) Quantitative Variable consists of numbers
representing counts or measurements.

4. • Discrete Quantitative Variable results from either a finite number of possible
values or a countable number of possible values.
•Continuous Quantitative Variable results from infinitely many possible values
that can be associated with point on a continuous scale in such a way that there
are no gaps or interruptions.
•Sample is a part of the population or a sub-collection of elements drawn from a
population
•Parameter is a numerical measurement describing some characteristics of a
population
•Statistic is a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample
•Survey is often conducted to gather opinions or feedbacks about a variety of
topics