This document provides an overview of the LTE physical channel structure and procedures between the eNB and UE. It describes the LTE architecture and introduces the main physical channels including downlink channels like PBCH, PDCCH, PDSCH and uplink channels like PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH. It explains the channel mapping and provides examples of the initial access procedure and synchronization signal transmission. Key concepts covered are radio interface protocol stacks, channel coding, multiple access, and reference signals.
This documents will cover basic LTE principles along with some brief impression about LTE features. Additionally, LTE Link Budget, LTE Coverage & Capacity Planning and Cell Radius calculation methodology have been depicted comprehensively in this document.
This documents will cover basic LTE principles along with some brief impression about LTE features. Additionally, LTE Link Budget, LTE Coverage & Capacity Planning and Cell Radius calculation methodology have been depicted comprehensively in this document.
A study on the effect of handover parameters on the network performance will be done in a trial cluster (part of Cerritos)
The parameter change to be implemented as an iterative process with each drive and the results to be compared to analyze the effect of the parameters
Pci mod3,6,30 analysis and auto optimizationShuangquan Lei
This presentation introduce a network optimization platform, and with this application, system will support you to find 4G LTE cells which have PCI MOD(3), MOD(6) and MOD(30) collision, and then can generate candidate value list by big data analysis.
Please send email to me if this application can make your work more effective.
my email address: lei.shuangquan@gmail.com
LTE specifications support the use of multiple antennas at both transmitter (tx) and receiver (rx). MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) uses this antenna configuration.
LTE specifications support up to 4 antennas at the tx side and up to 4 antennas at the rx side (here referred to as 4x4 MIMO
configuration).
In the first release of LTE it is likely that the UE only has 1 tx antenna, even if it uses 2 rx antennas. This leads to that so called
Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) will be supported only in DL (and maximum 2x2 configuration).
Explain LTE RACH Configuration and Capacity.
My Question:
- How many UE preambles can be handled in 10 ms frame by eNodeB?
- How many UE preambles can be handled in T300 by eNodeB?
A study on the effect of handover parameters on the network performance will be done in a trial cluster (part of Cerritos)
The parameter change to be implemented as an iterative process with each drive and the results to be compared to analyze the effect of the parameters
Pci mod3,6,30 analysis and auto optimizationShuangquan Lei
This presentation introduce a network optimization platform, and with this application, system will support you to find 4G LTE cells which have PCI MOD(3), MOD(6) and MOD(30) collision, and then can generate candidate value list by big data analysis.
Please send email to me if this application can make your work more effective.
my email address: lei.shuangquan@gmail.com
LTE specifications support the use of multiple antennas at both transmitter (tx) and receiver (rx). MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) uses this antenna configuration.
LTE specifications support up to 4 antennas at the tx side and up to 4 antennas at the rx side (here referred to as 4x4 MIMO
configuration).
In the first release of LTE it is likely that the UE only has 1 tx antenna, even if it uses 2 rx antennas. This leads to that so called
Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) will be supported only in DL (and maximum 2x2 configuration).
Explain LTE RACH Configuration and Capacity.
My Question:
- How many UE preambles can be handled in 10 ms frame by eNodeB?
- How many UE preambles can be handled in T300 by eNodeB?
This presentation discusses about the WCDMA air Interface used in 3G i.e. UMTS. This Radio Interface has great capability on which Third Generation of Mobile Communication is built, with backward compatibility.
4G-Fourth Generation Mobile Communication SystemSafaet Hossain
Seminar on "4G-Fourth Generation Mobile Communication System" at UODA Auditorium, November 16,2013.
Technical Presented by: Ahmedul Quadir, Function Tester, Ericcson, Sweeden
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...VLSICS Design
Long Term Evolution (LTE), the next generation of radio technologies designed to increase the capacity and speed of mobile networks. The future communication systems require much higher peak rate for the air interface but very short processing delay. This paper mainly focuses on to improve the processing speed and capability and decrease the processing delay of the downlink channels using the parallel processing technique. This paper proposes Parallel Processing Architecture for both transmitter and receiver for Downlink channels in 3GPP-LTE. The Processing steps include Scrambling, Modulation, Layer mapping, Precoding and Mapping to the REs in transmitter side. Similarly demapping from the REs, Decoding and Detection, Delayer mapping and Descrambling in Receiver side. Simulation is performed by using modelsim and Implementation is achieved using Plan Ahead tool and virtex 5 FPGA.Implemented results are discussed in terms of RTL design, FPGA editor, power estimation and resource estimation.
AI Fusion Buddy Review: Brand New, Groundbreaking Gemini-Powered AI AppGoogle
AI Fusion Buddy Review: Brand New, Groundbreaking Gemini-Powered AI App
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See My Other Reviews Article:
(1) AI Genie Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-genie-review
(2) SocioWave Review: https://sumonreview.com/sociowave-review
(3) AI Partner & Profit Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-partner-profit-review
(4) AI Ebook Suite Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-ebook-suite-review
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Software Engineering, Software Consulting, Tech Lead.
Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, Spring Core, Spring JDBC, Spring Security,
Spring Transaction, Spring MVC,
Log4j, REST/SOAP WEB-SERVICES.
Climate Science Flows: Enabling Petabyte-Scale Climate Analysis with the Eart...Globus
The Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) is a global network of data servers that archives and distributes the planet’s largest collection of Earth system model output for thousands of climate and environmental scientists worldwide. Many of these petabyte-scale data archives are located in proximity to large high-performance computing (HPC) or cloud computing resources, but the primary workflow for data users consists of transferring data, and applying computations on a different system. As a part of the ESGF 2.0 US project (funded by the United States Department of Energy Office of Science), we developed pre-defined data workflows, which can be run on-demand, capable of applying many data reduction and data analysis to the large ESGF data archives, transferring only the resultant analysis (ex. visualizations, smaller data files). In this talk, we will showcase a few of these workflows, highlighting how Globus Flows can be used for petabyte-scale climate analysis.
Quarkus Hidden and Forbidden ExtensionsMax Andersen
Quarkus has a vast extension ecosystem and is known for its subsonic and subatomic feature set. Some of these features are not as well known, and some extensions are less talked about, but that does not make them less interesting - quite the opposite.
Come join this talk to see some tips and tricks for using Quarkus and some of the lesser known features, extensions and development techniques.
Enterprise Resource Planning System includes various modules that reduce any business's workload. Additionally, it organizes the workflows, which drives towards enhancing productivity. Here are a detailed explanation of the ERP modules. Going through the points will help you understand how the software is changing the work dynamics.
To know more details here: https://blogs.nyggs.com/nyggs/enterprise-resource-planning-erp-system-modules/
Large Language Models and the End of ProgrammingMatt Welsh
Talk by Matt Welsh at Craft Conference 2024 on the impact that Large Language Models will have on the future of software development. In this talk, I discuss the ways in which LLMs will impact the software industry, from replacing human software developers with AI, to replacing conventional software with models that perform reasoning, computation, and problem-solving.
Understanding Globus Data Transfers with NetSageGlobus
NetSage is an open privacy-aware network measurement, analysis, and visualization service designed to help end-users visualize and reason about large data transfers. NetSage traditionally has used a combination of passive measurements, including SNMP and flow data, as well as active measurements, mainly perfSONAR, to provide longitudinal network performance data visualization. It has been deployed by dozens of networks world wide, and is supported domestically by the Engagement and Performance Operations Center (EPOC), NSF #2328479. We have recently expanded the NetSage data sources to include logs for Globus data transfers, following the same privacy-preserving approach as for Flow data. Using the logs for the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) as an example, this talk will walk through several different example use cases that NetSage can answer, including: Who is using Globus to share data with my institution, and what kind of performance are they able to achieve? How many transfers has Globus supported for us? Which sites are we sharing the most data with, and how is that changing over time? How is my site using Globus to move data internally, and what kind of performance do we see for those transfers? What percentage of data transfers at my institution used Globus, and how did the overall data transfer performance compare to the Globus users?
Gamify Your Mind; The Secret Sauce to Delivering Success, Continuously Improv...Shahin Sheidaei
Games are powerful teaching tools, fostering hands-on engagement and fun. But they require careful consideration to succeed. Join me to explore factors in running and selecting games, ensuring they serve as effective teaching tools. Learn to maintain focus on learning objectives while playing, and how to measure the ROI of gaming in education. Discover strategies for pitching gaming to leadership. This session offers insights, tips, and examples for coaches, team leads, and enterprise leaders seeking to teach from simple to complex concepts.
Exploring Innovations in Data Repository Solutions - Insights from the U.S. G...Globus
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has made substantial investments in meeting evolving scientific, technical, and policy driven demands on storing, managing, and delivering data. As these demands continue to grow in complexity and scale, the USGS must continue to explore innovative solutions to improve its management, curation, sharing, delivering, and preservation approaches for large-scale research data. Supporting these needs, the USGS has partnered with the University of Chicago-Globus to research and develop advanced repository components and workflows leveraging its current investment in Globus. The primary outcome of this partnership includes the development of a prototype enterprise repository, driven by USGS Data Release requirements, through exploration and implementation of the entire suite of the Globus platform offerings, including Globus Flow, Globus Auth, Globus Transfer, and Globus Search. This presentation will provide insights into this research partnership, introduce the unique requirements and challenges being addressed and provide relevant project progress.
Prosigns: Transforming Business with Tailored Technology SolutionsProsigns
Unlocking Business Potential: Tailored Technology Solutions by Prosigns
Discover how Prosigns, a leading technology solutions provider, partners with businesses to drive innovation and success. Our presentation showcases our comprehensive range of services, including custom software development, web and mobile app development, AI & ML solutions, blockchain integration, DevOps services, and Microsoft Dynamics 365 support.
Custom Software Development: Prosigns specializes in creating bespoke software solutions that cater to your unique business needs. Our team of experts works closely with you to understand your requirements and deliver tailor-made software that enhances efficiency and drives growth.
Web and Mobile App Development: From responsive websites to intuitive mobile applications, Prosigns develops cutting-edge solutions that engage users and deliver seamless experiences across devices.
AI & ML Solutions: Harnessing the power of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Prosigns provides smart solutions that automate processes, provide valuable insights, and drive informed decision-making.
Blockchain Integration: Prosigns offers comprehensive blockchain solutions, including development, integration, and consulting services, enabling businesses to leverage blockchain technology for enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency.
DevOps Services: Prosigns' DevOps services streamline development and operations processes, ensuring faster and more reliable software delivery through automation and continuous integration.
Microsoft Dynamics 365 Support: Prosigns provides comprehensive support and maintenance services for Microsoft Dynamics 365, ensuring your system is always up-to-date, secure, and running smoothly.
Learn how our collaborative approach and dedication to excellence help businesses achieve their goals and stay ahead in today's digital landscape. From concept to deployment, Prosigns is your trusted partner for transforming ideas into reality and unlocking the full potential of your business.
Join us on a journey of innovation and growth. Let's partner for success with Prosigns.
OpenMetadata Community Meeting - 5th June 2024OpenMetadata
The OpenMetadata Community Meeting was held on June 5th, 2024. In this meeting, we discussed about the data quality capabilities that are integrated with the Incident Manager, providing a complete solution to handle your data observability needs. Watch the end-to-end demo of the data quality features.
* How to run your own data quality framework
* What is the performance impact of running data quality frameworks
* How to run the test cases in your own ETL pipelines
* How the Incident Manager is integrated
* Get notified with alerts when test cases fail
Watch the meeting recording here - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UbNOje0kf6E
Listen to the keynote address and hear about the latest developments from Rachana Ananthakrishnan and Ian Foster who review the updates to the Globus Platform and Service, and the relevance of Globus to the scientific community as an automation platform to accelerate scientific discovery.
Enhancing Research Orchestration Capabilities at ORNL.pdfGlobus
Cross-facility research orchestration comes with ever-changing constraints regarding the availability and suitability of various compute and data resources. In short, a flexible data and processing fabric is needed to enable the dynamic redirection of data and compute tasks throughout the lifecycle of an experiment. In this talk, we illustrate how we easily leveraged Globus services to instrument the ACE research testbed at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility with flexible data and task orchestration capabilities.
How Recreation Management Software Can Streamline Your Operations.pptxwottaspaceseo
Recreation management software streamlines operations by automating key tasks such as scheduling, registration, and payment processing, reducing manual workload and errors. It provides centralized management of facilities, classes, and events, ensuring efficient resource allocation and facility usage. The software offers user-friendly online portals for easy access to bookings and program information, enhancing customer experience. Real-time reporting and data analytics deliver insights into attendance and preferences, aiding in strategic decision-making. Additionally, effective communication tools keep participants and staff informed with timely updates. Overall, recreation management software enhances efficiency, improves service delivery, and boosts customer satisfaction.
May Marketo Masterclass, London MUG May 22 2024.pdfAdele Miller
Can't make Adobe Summit in Vegas? No sweat because the EMEA Marketo Engage Champions are coming to London to share their Summit sessions, insights and more!
This is a MUG with a twist you don't want to miss.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
How to Position Your Globus Data Portal for Success Ten Good PracticesGlobus
Science gateways allow science and engineering communities to access shared data, software, computing services, and instruments. Science gateways have gained a lot of traction in the last twenty years, as evidenced by projects such as the Science Gateways Community Institute (SGCI) and the Center of Excellence on Science Gateways (SGX3) in the US, The Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC) and its platforms in Australia, and the projects around Virtual Research Environments in Europe. A few mature frameworks have evolved with their different strengths and foci and have been taken up by a larger community such as the Globus Data Portal, Hubzero, Tapis, and Galaxy. However, even when gateways are built on successful frameworks, they continue to face the challenges of ongoing maintenance costs and how to meet the ever-expanding needs of the community they serve with enhanced features. It is not uncommon that gateways with compelling use cases are nonetheless unable to get past the prototype phase and become a full production service, or if they do, they don't survive more than a couple of years. While there is no guaranteed pathway to success, it seems likely that for any gateway there is a need for a strong community and/or solid funding streams to create and sustain its success. With over twenty years of examples to draw from, this presentation goes into detail for ten factors common to successful and enduring gateways that effectively serve as best practices for any new or developing gateway.
4. 4/62
LTE/SAE Architecture
eNB
MME / S-GW MME / S-GW
eNB
eNB
S1
S1
S1
S1
X2
X2
X2
E-UTRAN
SAE (System Architecture Evolution)
SAE = LTE packet core Network
(Evolved Packet Core : EPC)
LTE = evolved UMTS Radio Access Network
LTE (Long Term Evolution)
Use flat architecture without specific
radio network controller
LTE Base station = eNB
(eNB = „evolved‟ node B)
5. 5/62
PDCP/RLC/MAC sublayers terminated in eNB on the network side
User Plane Protocol Stack
eNB
PHY
UE
PHY
MAC
RLC
MAC
PDCPPDCP
RLC
Header compression
In-sequency delivery at handover
Duplicate detection
Ciphering for user/control plane
Integrity protection for control plane
AM/UM/TM
ARQ
(Re-)segmentation
Concatenation
In-sequence delivery
Duplicate detection
Logical - transport channel mapping
Multiplexing/demultiplexing
Traffic volume measurement
HARQ
Priority handling
Transport format selection
* PDCP : Packet Data Convergence Protocol
RLC : Radio Link Control
MAC : Medium Access Control
(H)ARQ : (Hybrid) Automatic Repeat Request
6. 6/62
Control Plane Protocol Stack
eNB
PHY
UE
PHY
MAC
RLC
MAC
MME
RLC
NAS NAS
RRC RRC
PDCP PDCP
Broadcast, Paging
RRC connection setup
Radio bearer control
Mobility functions
UE measurement control
EPS bearer management
Authentication
ECM_IDLE mobility handling
Paging originated in ECM_IDLE
Security Control
* RRC : Radio Resource Control
NAS : Non Access Stratum
EPS : Evolved Packet System
ECM : EPS Connection Management
8. 8/62
Layer-2 Structure for Uplink
Multiplexing
...
HARQ
Scheduling / Priority Handling
Transport Channels
MAC
RLC
PDCP
Segm.
ARQ etc
Segm.
ARQ etc
Logical Channels
ROHC ROHC
Radio Bearers
Security Security
CCCH
9. 9/62
Logical Channel/Transport Channel/Physical Channel
Logical channel
Between RLC & MAC
Established per radio bearer
Defined by what kind of information is carried within
Transport channel
Between MAC&PHY
Used to define how traffics are processed (MCS level, TB size, CRC size)
Physical channel
Physical layer for the real transmission
7 types channels
10. 10/62
Channel Mapping - Downlink
BCH PCH DL-SCHMCH
Downlink
Physical channels
Downlink
Transport channels
PBCH PDSCHPMCH PDCCH
BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH DTCH Downlink
Logical Channels
System Info. Paging
Common
Control Info
at no RRC
Connection
Dedicated
Control
Dedicated
Traffic
12. 12/62
BCCH/BCH/P-BCH
System information (MIB)
No PDCP, RLC TM, transparent MAC
BCCH/DL-SCH/PDSCH
System information (SIBs)
No PDCP, RLC TM, transparent MAC
PCCH/PCH/PDSCH
Paging message
No PDCP, RLC TM, transparent MAC
Logical Channel/Transport Channel/Physical Channel
13. 13/62
CCCH/UL(DL)-SCH/PUSCH(PDSCH)
Initial RRC messages, fixed size in UL
Transmitted during random access
No PDCP, RLC TM, Transparent MAC
DCCH/UL(DL)-SCH/PUSCH(PDSCH)
RRC message (including NAS message coming from/going to MME)
PDCP/RLC AM/non-transparent MAC
DTCH/UL(DL)-SCH/PUSCH(PDSCH)
Normal user traffic
PDCP/RLC AM or UM/non-transparent MAC
Logical Channel/Transport Channel/Physical Channel
15. 15/62
Physical Channels and Signals
Physical Downlink Channel (eNB UE)
PBCH (Physical broadcast channel)
DL bandwidth, system frame number, PHICH configuration transmission
PCFICH (Physical control format indicator channel)
Transmit the number of OFDM symbols with PDCCH on downlink subframe to UE
Transmit every subframe
PDCCH (Physical downlink control channel)
Transmit downlink resource allocation on downlink traffic and paging signal
Transmit Uplink scheduling grant
PDSCH (Physical downlink shared channel)
Transmit downlink traffic and paging signal (eNB -> UE)
PHICH (Physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel)
Transmit ACK/NACK for Uplink data(PUSCH)
16. 16/62
Physical Channels and Signals
Physical Uplink Channel (UE eNB)
PUSCH (Physical uplink shared channel)
Transmit uplink traffic
PUCCH (Physical uplink control channel)
Transmit ACK/NACK on Downlink data(PDSCH)
Transmit Scheduling request, downlink channel info.(CQI)
PRACH (Physical random access channel)
Transmit random access preamble when It need Initial access, re-access,
requesting UL resources
Signal
Synchronization signal (primary, secondary)
Use it when UE get the synchronization with Base station
DL/UL reference signal
DL CQI measurement and DL / UL channel estimation
UL SRS (Sounding reference signal)
UE is periodically upload to eNB for checking the uplink channel status.
20. 20/62
DL Physical Channels & Signals
Physical channels
A set of Resource Elements carrying information originating from higher
layers
Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH
Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH
Physical Multicast Channel, PMCH
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel, PCFICH
Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH
Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel, PHICH
Physical Signals
A set of Resource Elements NOT carrying information originating from
higher layers
Reference signal
Synchronization signal
24. 24/62
Initial Access
LTE Initial access procedure
Cell search
Receive System information
Attach
Power
ON
Cell Search
and Selection
Receive System
Information Attach
User data
Tx/Rx
Initial Access procedure
25. 25/62
Cell Search
Cell search
Find a cell to connect and estimate frame timing
Provide the primary and secondary synchronization signals on the
downlink to assist
Cell-specific sequences are inserted in synchronization signals
Support 504 unique physical-layer identities; NID
cell (168 unique physical-
layer cell-identity groups; NID
(1), each group containing three unique
identities; NID
(2))
Physical-layer identity
26. 26/62
Synchronization Signals (FDD)
PSS (primary synchronization signal)
Estimate 5 msec timing and physical-layer identity
Channel estimation information for SSS
SSS (secondary synchronization signal)
Physical-layer identity (Cell ID) is obtained
Mapped to one of 168 cell ID groups (168 ID groups for 504 Cell IDs)
Radio-frame timing (10msec) identification
Max # of hypotheses;336 hypotheses (2 for half frame x 168 for ID groups)
27. 27/62
Downlink Reference Signal (RS)
Three types of downlink reference signal
Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN transmission
(unicast RS)
MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission
UE-specific reference signals (Dedicated RS)
29. 29/62
Dedicated RS
Three types of downlink reference signal
UE-specific reference signals are supported for single-antenna-port
transmission of PDSCH (transmitted on antenna port 5)
30. 30/62
PBCH
PBCH
Master information block of system information
Use QPSK modulation
System information (14 bits) is included
DL system bandwidth (3 bits)
System frame number (SFN: MSB 8 bits explicit, LSB 2 bits implicit)
PHICH duration (1 bit)
PHICH resource (2 bits)
No explicit bits in PBCH to signal the number of TX antennas at the eNB
(1, 2, or 4)
Transmit 4 subframes with interval time(40 ms)
Transmit every Subframe #0
40 ms timing is blind detection on UE
31. 31/62
PCFICH
Use CFI (control format indicator) Transmission
Information about the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of
PDCCH in a subframe is included
Transmit first OFDM symbol
The number of OFDM symbols using PDCCH
NRB
DL > 10 : 1, 2, 3
NRB
DL <= 10 : 2, 3, 4
32. 32/62
PDCCH
Transmit Scheduling assignment(physical downlink control channel)
Transmit the aggregation of one or several control channel element
(CCE)
1 CCE = 9 REGs = 36 REs
1 PDCCH = 1, 2, 4, 8 CCEs
Possible to send several PDCCH in a subframe
35. 35/62
PDCCH
DCI formats
DCI format 0 : UL-SCH assignments
DCI format 1 : DL-SCH assignments for SIMO operation
DCI format 1A : compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword and for downlink
transmission of paging, RACH response and dynamic BCCH scheduling
DCI format 1B :used to support closed-loop single-rank transmission with
possibly contiguous resource allocation
DCI format 1C : downlink transmission of paging, RACH response and dynamic
BCCH scheduling
DCI format 1D : compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword with precoding
and power offset information
DCI format 2 : scheduling PDSCH to UEs configured in closed-loop spatial
multiplexing mode
DCI format 2A : scheduling PDSCH to UEs configured in open loop spatial
multiplexing mode
DCI format 3 : transmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-
bit power adjustments
DCI format 3A : transmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with
single bit power adjustments
36. 36/62
PHICH
Transmit hybrid-ARQ ACK/NACK for PUSCH transmission
PHICH group
1 PHICH group = 8 PHICHs (normal CP)
1 PHICH group = 4 PHICHs (extended CP)
The amount of PHICH resource is transmitted with 2 bits of PBCH
Nh = 1/6, 1/2, 1, 2
The number of
PHICH group N
PHICH mapping
38. 38/62
Uplink Numerology
Number of symbols per slot
Bandwidth and number of RBs
UL
symbN SC-FDMA symbols
One uplink slot slotT
0l 1
UL
symb Nl
RB
sc
UL
RBNNsubcarriers
RB
scNsubcarriers
RB
sc
UL
symb NN
Resource block
resource elements
Resource element ),( lk
40. 40/62
Uplink Physical Channels and Signals
Physical Channels (Uplink)
Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
Physical Signals (Uplink)
Demodulation Reference Signal
Sounding Reference Signal
41. 41/62
Mapping of Uplink Physical Channels
PUCCH: frequency edge
PUSCH: between PUCCH RBs
Demodulation reference signal : center symbol in each slot
Sounding reference signal : last symbol in a subframe
Frequency
Sub-frame
(1ms)
Slot
(0.5ms)
SC-FDMA
symbol
PUSCH
PUSCH RS
SRS
One example configuration for normal CP
PUCCH
RB
42. 42/62
SC-FDMA for LTE UL
Equivalent to DFT-Precoded OFDMA
Low PAPR It‟s proper to Uplink
Overall spectrum size
Lower symbol rate
Higher symbol rate
44. 44/62
PUCCH
Format 1 (SR only with On-off Keying (OOK))
Format 1a and 1b (ACK/NACK only)
Format 1a: BPSK ACK/NACK for 1 Codeword
Format 1b: QPSK ACK/NACK for 2 Codewords
Format 2 (CQI only)
Format 2a and 2b (CQI + ACK/NACK)
PUCCH (format 1)
PUCCH (format 1)
PUCCH (format 2)
PUCCH (format 2)
PUSCH
45. 45/62
PUCCH format 1
PUCCH format 1 in RB (normal CP)
Cyclic shifts : 12 EA
Orthogonal cover sequence : 3 EA
Total available PUCCH format 1 resource in 1 RB = 36 EA
Decide available PUCCH format 1 resource as the value of
Ex) = 2 , can be used 18 PUCCH format 1 resources in 1 RB
46. 46/62
PUCCH format 2
PUCCH format 2 resources in RB (normal CP)
Cyclic shifts : 12 EA
No orthogonal cover sequence for PUCCH format 2
Total available PUCCH format 2 resource in 1 RB = 12 EA
Decide available PUCCH format 2 resource as the value of
Ex) = 2, can be used 6 PUCCH format 2 resources in 1 RB
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Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)
UE is periodically upload to eNB for checking the uplink channel
status.
Use checking of UL channel status for the bandwidth transmitted SRS to UE.
SRS cell-specific
Configuration
Configuration Binary
Configuration Period
(subframes)
Transmission offset
(subframes)
0 0000 1 {0}
1 0001 2 {0}
2 0010 2 {1}
3 0011 5 {0}
4 0100 5 {1}
5 0101 5 {2}
6 0110 5 {3}
7 0111 5 {0,1}
8 1000 5 {2,3}
9 1001 10 {0}
10 1010 10 {1}
11 1011 10 {2}
12 1100 10 {3}
13 1101 10 {0,1,2,3,4,6,8}
14 1110 10 {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8}
15 1111 Inf N/A
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Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)
SRS transmission bandwidths
Multiple SRS BW trees are predefined for each uplink system operating bandwidth
Cell-specific 3 bits are used to indicate one of 8 SRS BW configurations
One SRS BW configuration has Max. SRS BW and predefined SRS BW trees
UE specific 2 bits are given via higher layers to indicate one of 4 SRS
BWs
For each SRS BW configurations, there exist 1~4 SRS BWs
SRS bandwidth configuration and SRS bandwidth for 40~60 RB uplink system BW
SRS
bandwidth
configuration
SRSC
SRS-Bandwidth
0SRS B
SRS-Bandwidth
1SRS B
SRS-Bandwidth
2SRS B
SRS-Bandwidth
3SRS B
0SRS,m 0N 1SRS,m 1N 2SRS,m 2N 3SRS,m 3N
0 48 1 24 2 12 2 4 3
1 48 1 16 3 8 2 4 2
2 40 1 20 2 4 5 4 1
3 36 1 12 3 4 3 4 1
4 32 1 16 2 8 2 4 2
5 24 1 4 6 4 1 4 1
6 20 1 4 5 4 1 4 1
7 16 1 4 4 4 1 4 1
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Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)
Configuration Cell-specific SRS
SRS bandwidth configuration
SRS subframe configuration
Report the possibility for simultaneously transmission ACK/NACK and SRS
SRS Configuration per UE
SRS Transmission bandwidth
SRS hopping bandwidth
Cyclic shift
Frequency domain position
Comb
SRS Periods and offset per UE
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PRACH Structure
The number of RB for PRACH transmission = 6 RB
Transmit the subframe and frequency offset of PRACH using system information
Preamble format
SequenceCP
CPT SEQT
Preamble format CPT SEQT
0 s3168 T s24576 T
1 s21024 T s24576 T
2 s6240 T s245762 T
3 s21024 T s245762 T
4
(frame structure type 2 only)
s448 T s4096 T
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Basic procedure between eNB and UE
The procedure for synchronization and obtaining of system Info.
MIB : system frame number, DL bandwidth, PHICH information are included
SIB : Cell specific information are included for system operation except MIB
information
SIB1: cell access configuration, frequency band indicator, scheduling
information for syst other SIBs and systemInfoValueTag
SIB2: radio configuration information are included (PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS etc)
eNB
UE
ID 0~2 Cell ID
Group 0~167
Cell ID Detection 0~503
Cell specific RS
(Using cell ID info.)
System
Information (MIB)
System
Information (SIB)
Broadcast Information
PSS SSS
DL Reference
Signal PBCH PDSCH
* MIB: Master Information Block
* SIB: System Information Block
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Basic procedure between eNB and UE
Call-Access procedure
UE specific resource allocation information in Msg 4 (RRC Connection Setup) are
transmitted
CQI Resorce index, Transmit period and subframe offset
SR Resource index, Transmit period and subframe offset
SRS Transmission bandwidth, Frequency location, comb, cyclic shift
eNB
UE
Msg 1
(Random Access
Preamble)
Msg 2
(Random Access
Response)
RACH DATA
UL Timing Advance
DATA
+Msg 3
allocation
info.
PDCCH PDSCH
Msg 3
(RRC Connection
Request)
DATA
PUSCH
Msg 4
(RRC Connection
Setup)
PDCCH PDSCH PDCCH
DATA
PUSCH
Msg 5
(RRC Connection
Setup Complete)
* CQI: Channel Quality Indicator (DL channel Quality index)
* SR: Scheduling Request (Using it when UE reports that UE has transmit data to eNB)
* SRS: Sounding Reference Signal (Using it when UE transmit it periodically for checking uplink-channel status data)
PRACH
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Basic procedure between eNB and UE
DL data-Transmission Procedure
UE transmit periodically CQI(channel quality indicator) which is DL channel
status after receiving CQI resource allocation per UE.
eNB allocates PDSCH considering DL channel status of a UE and DL buffer status
Transmit the information of PDSCH allocation per specific subframe with
PDCCH.
When CRC is OK on PDSCH detection result in UE, transmit ACK to eNB.
Transmit ACK info. on PUSCH when PUSCH is allocated.
In other cases, Transmit ACK info on PUCCH .
eNB
UE
DL CQI Estimation
DATA
PUSCH or PUCCH PDCCH PDSCH PUSCH or PUCCH
DL Reference
Signal CQI CQI
DL Scheduling and
Link Adaptation
DL allocation info.
ACK/NACK DATA
PDCCH PDSCH
With there is ACK/NACK or not,
HARQ retransmission or new data transmission
PDSCH Detection
DL allocation info.
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Basic procedure between eNB and UE
UL data-Transmission Procedure
UE transmit periodically SRS signal after receiving SRS resource allocation per
UE.
eNB allocates PUSCH resource considering UL channel status of a UE and BSR.
When CRC is OK on PUSCH detection result in UE, transmit ACK to eNB.
Transmit ACK using PHICH (Downlink direction)
eNB
UE
Transmit SRS periodically0
PUSCH
Transmit
the buffer status of UE
SRS SRS
UL Channel Quality Estimation
PUCCH
SR
PDCCH
UL Scheduling and
Link Adaptation
UL allocation info.
DATA
+ BSR
•BSR: Buffer Status Report
Transmit the buffer status of uplink data to eNB
PDCCH
UL allocation info.
PHICH
ACK
PUSCH
DATA
HARQ
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Basic procedure between eNB and UE
Handover Procedure
UE sends measurement report to serving cell with the condition of comparing
Neighbor‟s cell signal and Serving cell signal.
If serving cell transmits “handover command” message to UE, UE orders target
cell to be handover.
After UE receives Handover command, UE will proceed the transmission of
RACH ,Handover procedure, to target cell.
Serving
cell
UE
Measurement
Report Transmission
* Handover Command : RRC connection reconfiguration
PUSCH
MR
Target
cell
DL RS
DL RS
Handover
Command
PDSCH
RACH RAR
PDSCH
PUSCH
Handover
Complete
* Handover Complete : RRC connection reconfiguration complete
PRACH