Call flow comparison gsm umts
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The document compares the call flow processes in GSM and UMTS mobile networks. In GSM, call flows involve immediate assignment of channels like SDCCH or TCH, with handovers between cells/BSCs handled through measurements and channel administration. In UMTS, call flows activate algorithms for power control, code control, and admission control. Soft handovers are supported between cells/BSCs based on measurements, with inner and outer loop power control on the downlink packet data channel.
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. Overview
2. Handover Causes & Priorities
3. Threshold Comparison Process
4. Target Cell Evaluation Process
5. Handover Algorithms
Power Budget (PBGT)
Level & Quality (RXLEV & RXQUAL)
Umbrella (& Combined Umbrella/PBGT)
MS Speed (FMMS & MS_SPEED_DETECTION)
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Distance
Rapid Field Drop (RFD) & Enhanced Rapid Field Drop (ERFD)
7. Handover Timers
Call continuity - to ensure a call can be maintained as a MS moves geographical location from the coverage area of one cell to another
Call quality - to ensure that if an MS moves into a poor quality/coverage area the call can be moved from the serving cell to a neighbouring cell (with better quality) without dropping the call
Traffic Reasons - to ensure that the traffic within the network is optimally
distributed between the different layers/bands of a network
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is used in determining which process is performed;
. Uplink and downlink Interference
2. Uplink quality
3. Downlink quality
4. Uplink level
5. Downlink level
6. Distance
7. Enhanced (RFD)
8. Rapid Field Drop (RFD)
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The document discusses the Cell PCH state in 3G networks. Some key points:
- Cell PCH allows UEs to remain connected while minimizing resource usage. UEs can be paged in Cell PCH but must respond in Cell FACH.
- In Cell PCH, uplink data is not allowed and paging is done via Type 1 messages with DRX. This is more efficient than paging in Idle mode.
- Transitions from Cell PCH to Cell FACH use the Cell Update procedure. Cell PCH requires less resources than Cell FACH from both the UE and network.
Gsm Originating Call Flow
1. This document describes the call setup process for a GSM originating call made from a mobile user to a landline subscriber.
2. It involves establishing a radio resource connection between the mobile station and base station, authenticating and ciphering the connection, and setting up the voice channel and call.
3. The key steps are radio channel allocation, call signaling transmission to the mobile switching center, routing the call to the public switched telephone network, alerting and connecting the called party, and releasing the call resources on completion.
LTE paging.ppt
Paging is the mechanism by which the network notifies a UE that it has data to send. The UE periodically wakes from idle mode to check for paging messages. If the UE ID in the paging message matches the UE, it notifies upper layers which may initiate a connection for incoming calls or other data. Paging messages are sent by the MME to eNodeBs and contain UE IDs, domain information, and indications for system information changes or emergency notifications.
Paging in LTE
4G-LTE Paging is made simple and easy. How is paging handled in NAS, RRC and Physical layer. With DRX cycle, how will UE NOT miss any paging and synchronised? How to implement paging in RRC?
Paging and Location Update
This document discusses paging and location update procedures in cellular networks. It defines key terms like MSC, VLR, HLR, TMSI, LA, LAI, and describes how location areas are configured and how location updates and paging work. When a mobile moves to a new location area or PLMN, it performs a location update by sending a message to the new MSC/VLR, which updates the subscriber's HLR. Periodic and random location updates also allow the network to track mobile locations. Paging is used to find mobiles and deliver incoming calls based on location registration information.
3 g call flow
This document outlines the process for mobile originated and terminated calls in 3G networks. It describes the steps for a mobile originating call in 3 parts and a mobile terminated call in 3 parts, including setting up the GTP tunnel for transport. The document breaks down the end-to-end call flows for 3G connections.
NSN NOKIA 3G KPI for Network planning and optimization
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KPI
Key Performance Indicators, Nokia, NSN,Nokia Siemens Network
Basic GSM Call Flows
The document outlines basic call flows for location updates, mobile originating calls (MOC), mobile terminating calls (MTC), and IP calls. It describes the key steps as:
1) Location update involves identity response, authentication between the SIM and MSC, update location requests, and ciphering.
2) For MOC, the mobile station sends a setup message with the dialed number, the MSC sends a send routing information message to the HLR, and the HLR responds with routing instructions allowing the call to be connected.
3) For MTC, the MSC requests a roaming number from the HLR, the HLR provides a number and the MSC pages the mobile station to alert
Utran example call_flows
The document describes various 3G call flows in UTRAN including:
1. CS mobility handling such as location area updates and IMSI detach in both CELL_DCH and CELL_FACH states.
2. CS call procedures including mobile originated and terminated calls for idle mode UEs.
3. PS mobility management such as GPRS attach, detach, and routing area updates in different RRC states.
4. Session management including PDP context establishment with high bit rate QoS but no active traffic.
20090408 11c9892102535c929b1bw mypajf_eub8l
The document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for UTRAN networks. It describes KPIs related to accessibility, retainability, mobility, traffic, and algorithms. Specific KPIs covered include call setup success rate, call drop rate, handover success rates, and counters for various network events. Measurement points and formulas for calculating each KPI are provided.
UMTS/LTE/EPC Call Flows for CSFB
It is a handbook of UMTS/LTE/EPC CSFB call flows.
This document is originally edited by Justin MA and it is free to share to everyone who are interested.
All reference/resource are from internet. If there is any copy-right issue, please kindly inform Justin by majachang@gmail.com.
Thanks for your reading!
Umts signal flow
This document describes various signaling flows in a UMTS system. It discusses the classification of signaling flows as either access layer flows, involving radio network components like RNCs and NodeBs, or non-access layer flows between just UEs and core networks. It provides an overview of basic signaling flows including network selection, cell selection, radio resource management flows like RRC connection setup, RAB establishment, and call release. It also covers handover flows within and between RNCs and NodeBs, as well as inter-system handovers between UMTS and other systems.
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The document discusses the air interface in GSM systems. It describes:
1) GSM uses TDMA to allow multiple users to share the same radio frequency by dividing each carrier into 8 time slots, with each user assigned a time slot.
2) The TDMA frame structure consists of 8 time slots of 0.577ms each, with a total frame duration of 4.615ms. Guard periods are used between time slots.
3) There are different types of logical channels including traffic channels, control channels, and broadcast channels that carry user data, signaling information, and system parameters respectively.
optimization.ppt
GSM uses both physical and logical channels to transmit information between mobile stations and base transceiver stations. Physical channels consist of timeslots that carry logical channels, which are divided into traffic channels (for voice and data) and control channels (for signaling). Common control channels include random access channels, paging channels, and standalone dedicated control channels. Traffic channels include full-rate and half-rate channels. Frame structures, such as 51-frame and 26-frame multiframes, are used to organize channel transmissions.
idea
GSM Network Analysis and KPI Optimisation discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for optimizing GSM networks. It describes the architecture of GSM networks including mobile stations, base station subsystems, switching subsystems and operation support subsystems. It then covers various GSM concepts like channels, frame structure, bursts and call flows. The document outlines different types of KPIs like accessibility, retainability and speech quality for both voice and data services. Finally, it discusses how to optimize specific KPIs like blocking, dropping and handover success rates by checking network parameters and using tools like OSS, MRR and NCS reports.
4G-Fourth Generation Mobile Communication System
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Nokia_GSM_KPI_ANALYSIS_Based_on_Daily_Mo.ppt
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for mobile networks and reasons for and solutions to poor KPI values. It provides information on relationships between network elements, monitored KPIs like service drop blocking and call drop rates, reasons for poor values such as hardware issues and interference, and solutions like parameter tuning and adding network capacity. Specific KPIs covered include service drop blocking, service drop, traffic channel blocking, traffic channel assignment, traffic channel drop, and handover success rate.
Kpi analysis
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring a GSM network and reasons for and solutions to common issues. It provides relationships between network elements, defines terms like SD blocking and dropping, TCH blocking and assignment, and TCH dropping. Causes of and fixes for these issues are outlined, such as adjusting parameters, adding TRXs, improving hardware, and tuning neighbors. Reports for analyzing each issue are also listed.
Kpi analysis
The document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring a GSM network, including reasons for and solutions to issues like SD blocking, SD drop, TCH blocking, TCH assignment failure, and TCH drop. It provides technical details on the relationships between network elements like BSCs, BTSs, TRXs, and timeslots. It also lists common causes of the issues like hardware faults, interference, parameter misconfiguration, and outlines steps to troubleshoot and resolve problems.
dokumen.tips_nokia-gsm-kpi-analysis-based-on-daily-monitoring-basis-presentat...
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for mobile networks and reasons for and solutions to common issues. It provides relationships between network elements, definitions of terms like SDCCH and reasons for service degradation issues like SD blocking, SD drop, TCH blocking, poor TCH assignment and TCH drop. Solutions provided include parameter tuning, adding resources, hardware checks, neighbor planning and drive testing. Reports to monitor each issue are also listed.
Kpi analysis
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for mobile network analysis. It provides information on relationships between network elements, reasons for poor KPI values like service drop blocking and dropping, and potential solutions. KPIs to monitor include service drop blocking, service drop, traffic channel blocking, traffic channel assignment, traffic channel drop, and handover success rate. Causes of issues include hardware problems, interference, parameter misconfiguration, and overlapping coverage. Solutions involve checking configurations, drive testing, adding resources, retuning parameters, and resolving hardware faults.
Nokia gsm-kpi-analysis-based-on-daily-monitoring-basis-presentation
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring a GSM network and reasons for and solutions to common issues. It provides relationships between different network elements and describes concepts like SD blocking, SD drop, TCH blocking, TCH assignment, TCH drop, and handover success rate (HOSR). For each KPI, it outlines potential causes for degradation and recommendations to address hardware faults, interference, parameter misconfiguration, and other problems.
Kpi analysis
The document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for cellular networks and provides relationships between network components and their capacities. It also analyzes reasons for call blocking, dropping, and failures during call setup and solutions to address them, including parameter tuning, hardware checks, interference mitigation, and useful reports.
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This presentation discusses about the WCDMA air Interface used in 3G i.e. UMTS. This Radio Interface has great capability on which Third Generation of Mobile Communication is built, with backward compatibility.
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This document describes radio transmission techniques and channels in GSM networks. It discusses Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and defines physical and logical channels. It provides details on different control channels like Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), and Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH). It also describes traffic channels and various burst types used in GSM frames.
kpianalysis-110830052500-phpapp02.ppt
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring a GSM network and provides related information. It lists common KPIs like SD blocking, SD drop, TCH blocking, TCH assignment, TCH drop, and HOSR. It then provides definitions, reasons, and solutions for each KPI issue. Technical details are given on topics like SDCCH channels, call flows, parameter settings, hardware checks, interference issues, and useful reports for analyzing each KPI.
GSM Air Interface
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PPT File (https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xGLIMwstH1B7Z8y4kLS72HUG-XMtckvb/view?usp=sharing)
Reference: Eng. Waleed El-Safoury Presentations
Gsm system architecture
This document summarizes key aspects of the air interface in a GSM network. It describes the different radio transmission techniques including FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA. It then explains the different types of channels, including physical channels that transfer bits between network elements and logical channels distinguished by information type. Finally, it provides details on specific channels like the broadcast, common control, and dedicated control channels that are used for different functions like synchronization, paging, and signaling.
Case analysis call drop
This document discusses a case study of call drops occurring in the second sector of base station C. Through analyzing traffic statistics and conducting drive tests, it was found that interference was the cause of the high call drop rate. Specifically, a broadband repeater transmitting nearby digital signals was amplifying interference into the sector. Lowering the power of the repeater resolved the call drop issue.
Congestion Control in Computer Networks - ATM and TCP
This document discusses congestion control in networks using ATM and TCP protocols. It defines network congestion and outlines various congestion control possibilities including admission control, traffic access control, packet scheduling, buffer management, and flow control. It then describes the key concepts and congestion control mechanisms for ATM, including call admission control, the GCRA algorithm, and use of resource management cells. It also outlines TCP congestion control using additive increase/multiplicative decrease and slow start/fast retransmit, and evaluates the pros and cons of ATM and TCP approaches.
2G optimization_with_optima
This document describes the process of optimizing GSM900/1800 mobile networks. Key metrics are monitored daily, weekly, and monthly to check network health using a tool called Optima. Daily counters include call setup success rate, dropped calls, handover failures, and congestion. Issues like low call success rates could be due to problems like SDCCH congestion, phantom RACHs, CM service rejects, or TCH failures. Weekly and monthly statistics provide further insight into trends, retention, accessibility, load, and overall performance. Reports evaluate capacity and optimization progress.
Gsm channel
This document describes the different channel types in GSM networks. It outlines the traffic channel which carries user data at either 22.8 Kbps or 11.4 Kbps. It also describes the various control channels including the broadcast channel (BCH) which transmits system information, the common control channel (CCCH) used for paging and access requests, and the dedicated control channel (DCCH) used for call setup and handovers. Each channel type serves a specific purpose in either carrying user data or transmitting control signaling in the uplink and downlink directions.
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01 introduction to umt snew
Here are the answers to the review questions from the document:
1. List at least three significant events in the evolution of CDMA networks:
- 1948 John Pierce describes CDMA Multiplexing
- 1956 "Antimultipath" RAKE receiver patented
- 1970s CDMA used in several military communication and navigation systems
2. List the four main network subsystems of UMTS Release 99:
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- CN
- NMS
- Service Platform
3. Name the four basic air interface access technologies:
- TDMA
- FDMA
- CDMA
- OFDMA
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This document provides an overview of an LTE System Manager (LSM) which is an Element Management System (EMS) that can manage eNodeB devices. It describes the key functions and components of the LSM including configuration management, fault management, performance management, software management, security management, and high availability features using redundancy. The document also outlines the interface structure and basic operations of the LSM management system.
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This document provides a 3-sentence summary of the key information:
The document outlines the network architecture and protocol stacks used in LTE networks, including components like the UE, eNB, MME, S-GW and P-GW. It describes the software architecture of eNBs and the call processing blocks. It also summarizes several important procedures in LTE networks like attach, detach, handover, and basic parameter configuration.
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The system supports LTE functionality with capabilities like 4Tx4Rx per RRH, 20MHz channel bandwidth, and synchronization via an internal GPS clock module. Installation diagrams show configurations for mounting multiple RRHs on poles, floors, or walls to provide coverage for 1 or 3 sectors.
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https://sumonreview.com/ai-fusion-buddy-review
AI Fusion Buddy Review: Key Features
✅Create Stunning AI App Suite Fully Powered By Google's Latest AI technology, Gemini
✅Use Gemini to Build high-converting Converting Sales Video Scripts, ad copies, Trending Articles, blogs, etc.100% unique!
✅Create Ultra-HD graphics with a single keyword or phrase that commands 10x eyeballs!
✅Fully automated AI articles bulk generation!
✅Auto-post or schedule stunning AI content across all your accounts at once—WordPress, Facebook, LinkedIn, Blogger, and more.
✅With one keyword or URL, generate complete websites, landing pages, and more…
✅Automatically create & sell AI content, graphics, websites, landing pages, & all that gets you paid non-stop 24*7.
✅Pre-built High-Converting 100+ website Templates and 2000+ graphic templates logos, banners, and thumbnail images in Trending Niches.
✅Say goodbye to wasting time logging into multiple Chat GPT & AI Apps once & for all!
✅Save over $5000 per year and kick out dependency on third parties completely!
✅Brand New App: Not available anywhere else!
✅ Beginner-friendly!
✅ZERO upfront cost or any extra expenses
✅Risk-Free: 30-Day Money-Back Guarantee!
✅Commercial License included!
See My Other Reviews Article:
(1) AI Genie Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-genie-review
(2) SocioWave Review: https://sumonreview.com/sociowave-review
(3) AI Partner & Profit Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-partner-profit-review
(4) AI Ebook Suite Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-ebook-suite-review
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Measures in SQL (SIGMOD 2024, Santiago, Chile)
SQL has attained widespread adoption, but Business Intelligence tools still use their own higher level languages based upon a multidimensional paradigm. Composable calculations are what is missing from SQL, and we propose a new kind of column, called a measure, that attaches a calculation to a table. Like regular tables, tables with measures are composable and closed when used in queries.
SQL-with-measures has the power, conciseness and reusability of multidimensional languages but retains SQL semantics. Measure invocations can be expanded in place to simple, clear SQL.
To define the evaluation semantics for measures, we introduce context-sensitive expressions (a way to evaluate multidimensional expressions that is consistent with existing SQL semantics), a concept called evaluation context, and several operations for setting and modifying the evaluation context.
A talk at SIGMOD, June 9–15, 2024, Santiago, Chile
Authors: Julian Hyde (Google) and John Fremlin (Google)
https://doi.org/10.1145/3626246.3653374
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In this talk, I will take you for a spin around the performance racetrack. We’ll explore common pitfalls - those hidden potholes on your application that can cause unexpected slowdowns. Learn how to spot these performance bumps early, and more importantly, how to navigate around them to keep your application running at top speed.
We will focus in particular on tuning your engine at the application level, making the right adjustments to ensure that your system responds like a well-oiled, high-performance race car.
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