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The Biological Bases
     of Behavior
So...what’s the point?

           ❖   Why should we learn
               about it?

           ❖   What was most
               interesting?

           ❖   What was most relevant to
               your own experience?
The Human Neuron?
❖   Don’t forget:

    ❖   Axon

    ❖   Terminal buttons &
        synapses

    ❖   Soma

    ❖   Myelin sheath

    ❖   Dendrites
What does it do?
                 Behavior effects   Disorder(s) +  or 
 Acetylcholine
  Dopamine                                (four)
Norepinephrine
  Serotonin                               (four)
    GABA
  Glutamate
 Endorphins
  Adenosine
Name that
Neurotransmitter!
Which neurotransmitter?
A woman was prescribed a
medication for depression.
    This medication
improved her mood but it
caused her to gain weight
 because it increased her
        appetite.
Which neurotransmitter?
Cocaine and
  amphetamines will
     speed you up,
  but they also cause
irritability and anxiety.
Which neurotransmitter?
Coffee typically increases
 energy and hyperness.
Which neurotransmitter?
After feeling increasingly
    stressed about exams,
a student takes a run around
           campus
  and returns feeling much
        more positive.
Which neurotransmitter?
Botox
paralyzes facial
muscles to give
a stiff but firm
 appearance.
Which neurotransmitter?
A man was prescribed a
 medication for delusional
          thoughts.
His thinking is more rational
 now that he has taken the
    drug for a few weeks,
  but it is causing muscle
           tremors.
Which neurotransmitter?
Alcohol has been shown to
impair learning and memory.
Which neurotransmitter?
Cocaine and amphetamines
can cause delusional
thinking, paranoia,
and even
psychotic
episodes.
Which neurotransmitter?
Draw me a Cortex.
❖   Left cerebral cortex

    ❖   Lobes: frontal, parietal,
        temporal, occipital

    ❖   Functional areas:
        motor, somatosensory,
        auditory, visual

    ❖   Language areas: Broca’s
        Wernicke’s

❖   Different if left-handed?
What’s going on up there?
Listening to Lady Gaga
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Watching Paranormal Activity 2
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Arguing with your roommate
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Reading your Psych textbook
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Getting dinner at Lenoir
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Dancing at Players
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Writing a term paper
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

Hypothalamus      Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
Using (or stalking on) Facebook
                                       Reticular
Corpus callosum      Medulla
                                      formation

  Cerebellum           Pons           Thalamus

 Hypothalamus     Hippocampus         Amygdala

 Temporal lobe     Parietal lobe    Occipital lobe

  Frontal lobe    Wernicke’s area    Broca’s area
The 10% Hypothesis
What are your thoughts?
❖   Do you think it’s true that we use only 10% of our
    brains?
    ❖   Why or why not? Consider plasticity, localization/
        specialization, and the diagrams we’ve labeled
    ❖   Also consider this theory’s frequent mention in
        society
❖   Turn this in if you want an attendance grade!

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Ch. 3: Biopsychology

  • 1. The Biological Bases of Behavior
  • 2. So...what’s the point? ❖ Why should we learn about it? ❖ What was most interesting? ❖ What was most relevant to your own experience?
  • 3. The Human Neuron? ❖ Don’t forget: ❖ Axon ❖ Terminal buttons & synapses ❖ Soma ❖ Myelin sheath ❖ Dendrites
  • 4. What does it do? Behavior effects Disorder(s) +  or  Acetylcholine Dopamine (four) Norepinephrine Serotonin (four) GABA Glutamate Endorphins Adenosine
  • 7. A woman was prescribed a medication for depression. This medication improved her mood but it caused her to gain weight because it increased her appetite.
  • 9. Cocaine and amphetamines will speed you up, but they also cause irritability and anxiety.
  • 11. Coffee typically increases energy and hyperness.
  • 13. After feeling increasingly stressed about exams, a student takes a run around campus and returns feeling much more positive.
  • 15. Botox paralyzes facial muscles to give a stiff but firm appearance.
  • 17. A man was prescribed a medication for delusional thoughts. His thinking is more rational now that he has taken the drug for a few weeks, but it is causing muscle tremors.
  • 19. Alcohol has been shown to impair learning and memory.
  • 21. Cocaine and amphetamines can cause delusional thinking, paranoia, and even psychotic episodes.
  • 23. Draw me a Cortex. ❖ Left cerebral cortex ❖ Lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital ❖ Functional areas: motor, somatosensory, auditory, visual ❖ Language areas: Broca’s Wernicke’s ❖ Different if left-handed?
  • 24. What’s going on up there?
  • 25. Listening to Lady Gaga Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 26. Watching Paranormal Activity 2 Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 27. Arguing with your roommate Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 28. Reading your Psych textbook Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 29. Getting dinner at Lenoir Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 30. Dancing at Players Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 31. Writing a term paper Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 32. Using (or stalking on) Facebook Reticular Corpus callosum Medulla formation Cerebellum Pons Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Amygdala Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Wernicke’s area Broca’s area
  • 34. What are your thoughts? ❖ Do you think it’s true that we use only 10% of our brains? ❖ Why or why not? Consider plasticity, localization/ specialization, and the diagrams we’ve labeled ❖ Also consider this theory’s frequent mention in society ❖ Turn this in if you want an attendance grade!

Editor's Notes

  1. \n
  2. (3 min)\n
  3. (8 min)\nStubbed toe --> “ouch”\nUse hard individually-wrapped candy\nAxon: arm; terminal buttons: fists; synapses: space between hands: myelin sheath: sleeve; dendrites: fingers\n
  4. (5 min)\n
  5. (12 min total)\n
  6. Dopamine (DA): control of voluntary movement\n Parkinsonism; schizophrenic disorders; addictive disorders: MICHAEL J FOX\n Low dopamine = Parkinson's\n0:12\n
  7. Serotonin\n
  8. GABA ("built-in Valium"): regulation of anxiety and sleep/arousal\n Anxiety disorders: ANALYZE THIS\n Low GABA = anxiety\n0:27\n
  9. Norepinephrine\n
  10. Acetylcholine (ACh): regulates attention, arousal, memory\n Alzheimer's disease: THE NOTEBOOK\n Low acetylcholine = Alzheimer's\n0:17\n
  11. Adenosine\n
  12. Serotonin: regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, aggression\n Depressive disorders, OCD, eating disorders: THE AVIATOR\n Low serotonin = OCD\n1:00\n
  13. Endorphins\n
  14. Glutamate: involved in learning and memory\n Schizophrenia: DONNIE DARKO\n High glutamate = schizophrenia\n0:52\n
  15. Acetylcholine\n
  16. Serotonin: regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, aggression\n Autism Spectrum Disorders: GHOST WHISPERER\n High serotonin = autism\n1:01\n
  17. Dopamine\n
  18. Norepinephrine (NE): modulation of mood and arousal\n Depressive disorders: THE HOURS\n Low norepinephrine = depression\n0:49\n
  19. Glutamate\n
  20. Adenosine: sleep, fatigue (ATP: energy cycle) so work a lot --> need to rest\n TOTAL DRAMA ISLAND\n High adenosine = sleepy/tired\n0:39\n
  21. Dopamine\n
  22. Endorphins: pain relief and response to stress, regulation of eating behavior\n 17 AGAIN\n Low endorphins = no regulation of hunger\n0:29\nAlso serotonin\n
  23. (5 min)\nOne person draw each on board (11 total)\n
  24. (10 min total)\n
  25. Corpus callosum: connects left (verbal: language, speech, reading, writing) and right (nonverbal: spatial, musical, visual) cerebral hemispheres\nMedulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nThalamus: relay center; handles incoming/outgoing signals\nHippocampus: learning and memory\nTemporal lobe: auditory processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\nWernicke's area: language comprehension\nBroca's area: speech production\n
  26. Corpus callosum: connects left (verbal: language, speech, reading, writing) and right (nonverbal: spatial, musical, visual) cerebral hemispheres\nMedulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nThalamus: relay center; handles incoming/outgoing signals\nHippocampus: learning and memory\nAmygdala: emotion and aggression\nTemporal lobe: auditory processing\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\nWernicke's area: language comprehension\n
  27. Medulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nThalamus: relay center; handles incoming/outgoing signals\nHippocampus: learning and memory\nAmygdala: emotion and aggression\nTemporal lobe: auditory processing\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\nWernicke's area: language comprehension\nBroca's area: speech production\n
  28. Corpus callosum: connects left (verbal: language, speech, reading, writing) and right (nonverbal: spatial, musical, visual) cerebral hemispheres\nMedulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nReticular formation: stimulation related to sleep and arousal\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nPons: sleep and arousal\nThalamus: relay center; handles incoming/outgoing signals\nHippocampus: learning and memory\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\n
  29. Medulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nThalamus: relay center; handles incoming/outgoing signals\nHypothalamus: regulating basic biological needs: hunger, thirst, temperature control\nParietal lobe: physical sensations, spatial\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\n
  30. Medulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nThalamus: relay center; handles incoming/outgoing signals\nHypothalamus: regulating basic biological needs: hunger, thirst, temperature control\nTemporal lobe: auditory processing\nParietal lobe: physical sensations, spatial\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\n
  31. Medulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nHippocampus: learning and memory\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\nWernicke's area: language comprehension\n
  32. Corpus callosum: connects left (verbal: language, speech, reading, writing) and right (nonverbal: spatial, musical, visual) cerebral hemispheres\nMedulla: breathing, circulation, unconscious functions\nCerebellum: sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness, voluntary movement\nHippocampus: learning and memory\nAmygdala: emotion and aggression\nOccipital lobe: visual processing\nFrontal lobe: movement of muscles, (PFC:) decision making, executive control system (monitor, organize, direct thought processes)\n
  33. \n
  34. (3 min)\n