The cerebellum is located in the hindbrain behind the midbrain, pons, and medulla. It has two hemispheres with three lobes in each hemisphere connected by a midline vermis. The outer cortex contains gray matter while the inner branching white matter forms an "arbor vitae" pattern. The cerebellum helps control voluntary movements, maintain posture and equilibrium, regulate muscle tone, and coordinate muscle movements. Damage to the cerebellum can cause nystagmus, ataxia, intention tremors, a drunken gait, difficulty with rapid hand movements, hypotonia, and balance and speech issues.
5. Cerebellum
Two major hemispheres: three lobes each
Anterior
Posterior
Floculonodular
Vermis: midline lobe connecting hemispheres
Outer cortex of gray
Inner branching white matter, called
“arbor vitae”
Separated from brain stem by 4th ventricle
6. Cerebellum
• A part of hind brain
• Located behind Mid brain Pons and Medulla
• Connected to these three structures by
superior middle and inferior peduncles
7. Functions
• Role in Voluntary movements ---
Voluntary movements are controlled by
motor cortex
• Maintenance of posture and equilibrium
• Inhibition of motor cortex
• Control of eye ball movements
8. • Regulation of muscle tone
• Prediction of movements—future
position is judged
• Coordination of muscle movements
9. Effects of damage of cerebellum
• Nystagmus---Involuntary movements of eye
ball
• Posture & equilibrium not maintained(Ataxia)
• Intention tremors—Shaking hands
• Gait is affected—drunken man's Gait
• Rapid supination pronation of hands not
possible
• Knee jirk pendular
10. • Hypotonia in muscles
• Standing straight with feets closed --
swinging -----looses balance
• Speech affected.
