The document discusses different types of energy transfer including heat, work, and mass. It contains figures illustrating concepts like specifying the directions of heat and work, a gas doing work as it forces a piston to move, the area under a process curve in a P-V diagram representing boundary work, the difference between work done by and on a system determining net work during a cycle, schematics of flow work, parts that make up total energy for flowing and non-flowing fluids, and absorption of radiation at an opaque surface. The document focuses on concepts and processes related to different modes of energy transfer.

1. CHAPTER
3
Energy Transfer by
Heat, Work, and Mass

2. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-9
Specifying the
directions of
heat and work.
3-1

3. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-19
A gas does a
differential amount of
work δWb as it forces
the piston to move by a
differential amount ds.
3-2

4. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-20
The area under the
process curve on a
P-V diagram
represents the
boundary work.
3-3

5. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-22
The net work
done during a
cycle is the
difference
between the
work done by the
system and the
work done on the
system.
3-4

6. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-48
Schematic for flow
work.
3-5

7. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-51
The total energy consists
of three parts for a
nonflowing fluid and four
parts for a flowing fluid.
3-6

8. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
FIGURE 3-58
The absorption of
radiation incident on
an opaque surface of
absorptivity α.
3-7