The document describes the main organelles found within cells and their functions. The nucleus contains DNA and directs protein production. The cytoplasm holds organelles and gives the cell shape. Ribosomes produce proteins and the endoplasmic reticulum is a workspace for protein synthesis. Organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts generate energy for the cell.

2. PARTS OF THE CELL – CELL ORGANELLES
Nucleus • control center of the
cell – contains DNA – gives
directions for making
proteins

3. Nucleolus • inside nucleus – makes
ribosomes

4. Chromatin • inside nucleus – strands
of DNA

5. Cytoplasm • clear, gelatinous fluid
inside the cell
• gives the cell its shape
• holds or “suspends” the
cell’s organelles

6. Ribosomes • site of protein synthesis
(where protein is made)
• can be free floating or
attached to endoplasmic
reticulum

7. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• large “workspace” inside
cell – has “folds” for
greater surface area
2 kinds of ER 1. Rough ER: has
ribosomes attached to
make protein
2. Smooth ER: no
ribosomes attached –
other biochemical
activities here

8. Golgi Apparatus
• sorts proteins to be sent
to correct destination
• flattened system of
membranes – (look like
pancakes)

9. Vacuoles • function to store
materials
• plants have a LARGE
vacuole – animal cells
have smaller vacuoles
TYPICAL ANIMAL
CELL
TYPICAL PLANT CELL

10. Lysosome • contains digestive
enzymes
• digests/destroys
excess food, viruses,
bacteria
• also can destroy the
cell itself if needed

11. Plastids • found in PLANTS ONLY
• used for storage
EXAMPLE:
• Chloroplasts • store energy/food
• has “folds” for greater
surface area

12. Mitochondria • produces energy for the
cell
• has “folds” for greater
surface area
• each type of cell has a
different amount of these

13. Cytoskeleton • cell support structure –
gives a “framework” to the
cell
• composed of
MICROTUBULES &
MICROFILAMENTS

14. Cilia • function in movement of
the cell or line the cell to
move other things
• cilia are short, hair like
– move in waves

15. Flagella • functions in movement
of the cell
• flagella are longer –
move like a whip

16. ANIMAL CELL – PLANT CELL COMPARISON
PLANT CELL
ONLY
PLANT & ANIMAL
CELL
ANIMAL CELL
ONLY
CELL WALL
PLASTIDS (EX:
chloroplast,
leucoplast)
LARGE
VACUOLE
CENTRIOLE ALL OTHER
ORGANELLES