This document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as mitosis and meiosis. It discusses that prokaryotes are smaller than eukaryotes and lack organelles and a nucleus. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells while meiosis results in four non-identical gamete cells through two cell divisions, including homologous chromosome pairing and crossover in meiosis I but not mitosis I. The stages of each cell cycle are also outlined.

1. Ms.Krittiyanee Charoenloi
CELL DIVISION

6. Prokaryote VS Eukaryote
Prokaryote Eukaryote
1. 1 – 10 1. 10 – 100
2. DNA loop
histone protein
2. DNA histone protein
Chromatin
3. =
nucleoid
3. =
nucleus
4. organelles
centrioles &
microtubule
4. organelles
centrioles & microtubule
5. Ribosome 70 s 5. Ribosome 80 s
6. Cell wall
peptidoglycan cellulose
6.
7. Flagella 7. Flagella & cilia

8. Genetics material
Nucleic acid –
1)DNA : Deoxyribonucleic acid
2)RNA : Ribonucleic acid

10. (NUCLEIC
ACID)
-
- C , H , O , N P
-
-

11. nucleotide
3
1.
2.
3.

12. (NUCLEOTIDE)
O
C H
H
C
H
C
H
H
C
H
O
H
O p
O
O
O
-
-
C
H
DNA nucleotide
Nitrogenous basePhosphate group
Pentose sugar
(Deoxyribose)

13. DNA

14. H
H
H
5´
3´

16. C G

18. Adenine = Thymine
Cytosine = Guanine
A:T C:G

19. A T G C
C G
A T
C G
3
A T
2

21. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA Ribonucleic
acid
Genetics
material
http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/iGen3_02-07.html
Ribose is a single-ring pentose [5-C] sugar. The
numbering of the carbon atoms runs clockwise,
following organic chemistry rules.
Note the absence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the

27. n =
2n = 46
= homologous
chromosome
-
-
-
Centro
mere
-

28. n monoploid ; haploid number
2n diploid number
3n triploid number
4n tetraploid number
?

30. - Chromatid ;
2
binary fission
- Centromere ;
- Kinetochore
is the protein
structure on
chromatids where the
spindle fibers attach

31. non – sister chromatid =

32. -
- 2n = …….. ?
2
1. ;
autosome 1
– 22
2. ;
Sex
chromosome
23

34. 1. ; Somatic cell
- 2n = ….
- Homologous
2. ; sex cell / gamete
- n = ….
- Homologous

35. !!!
eukaryote
DNA
histone
protein

36. Sperm + egg = zygote
n + n = …..
23 + 23 = …..
2n = 46

39. 1.
2.
3.***

40. 1.
2.
3.

41. Cytoplasm
nucleus
1. karyokin
esis
2. Cytokine

42. 2n
= 4
2n
= 4
2n
= 4
2n
= 4
n =
2
n =
2
n =
2
n =
2
n =
2
n =
2
mitosis
meiosis
Meiosis I Meiosis II

43. Mitosis VS Meiosis
Mitosis Meiosis
1.
Somatic cell
1.
Sex cell
2. 2.
3. 1 ---
2
3. 1 ---
4

44. Cell cycle
-
mitosis
- 2
1) ; Interphase
G1 , S , G2
2 – ; M – phase
- prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase

45. Interphase :
1. G1 phase DNA
3. G2 phase DNA
2. S phase DNA
-
- centrosome 2
- DNA replication ~
chromosome replication
- DNA 2
Chromosome-
- organelles

46. 1.Interphase :
3
- G1 DNA 4 hr.
- S DNA 10 hr.
- G2 DNA 4 hr.

47. G1 phase ;
-
- Centrosome 2
centriole 1

48. Karyokinesis 2

49. 2. M - phase :
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase

50. !!!
RBC

51. !!!
cell cycle G0
Cell aging Cell
death

55. Mitosis Somatic
cell


 1 2
chromosome


56. Mitosis Somatic
cell


 1 2
chromosome

>>> mitosis

57. 1. Prophase
- Chromatid
chromosome
-
- Centriole
2
mitotic spindle

58. 2. Metaphase
- Chromosome
equatorial plate
-
chrom.
- Chrom.

59. 3. Anaphase
- Chromosome
- Chrom. 2
Tetraploid
- chromosome
V , J ,I
-

60. 4. Telophase
- Chromosome
Daughter
chromosome
-
Cytokinesis
2

62. >> conclusion

63. meiosis

64. Meiosis
4
1.Interphase I
Interphase mitosis
2.Meiosis I
3.Interphase II
DNA / Interphase I /
Interphase mitosis
4.Meiosis II
Prophase I , Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I
Prophase II , Metaphase II,
Anaphase II, Telophase II
>>> Meiosis

65. Meiosis I 4
1. Prophase I
Interphase I
- Synapsis Homologous
chr.
- 1 Bivalent = ….

66. Synapsis
(homologous chromoso
A B
BA
a b
ba

67. Sister chromatid
A B
BA
a b
ba

68. non-sister chromatid
A B
BA
a b
ba

69. Meiosis
Crossing Over
A B
A b
a B
a b
CO.
Non-CO.
Non-CO.
A B
a b

70. Crossing over
= …. bivalent

73. crossing over..
-
-
-

74. 2. Metaphase I
- Spindle fiber homologous
chr.

75. 3. Anaphase I
- Spindle fiber homologous
chr.

76. 4. Telophase I
-
homologous chr.
-

77. Interphase II DNA
replication

78. Meiosis II 4

79. Telophas
e I
Anaphas
e I
Metaph
ase I
Prophas
e I

80. Tetr
ads
Telophas
e II
Anaphas
e II
Metaph
ase II
Prophas
e II

83. Cell division
Interphas
e
- G1
- S
- G2
Karyokine
sis
- Mitosi
s
- Meiosi
s
Cytokines
is
- Cleavag
e
furrow
type
- Cell
plate
type

84. Meiosis

86. Summary : Mitosis VS
MeiosisMitosis Meiosis
1 -> 1 ->
synapsid ,
bivalent , crossing
over chiasma
crossing over
Anaphase Anaphase I
Anaphase II
cell cycle cell cycle

87. Meiosis IInterphase I
- chrom. 1 1 chrom. =
2 chromatids
Prophase I
- Homologous chrom. Synapsis
chrom. 2 bivalent
4 chromatids
- chromatid
crossing over
- chrom. X , O , 8
chiasma
Metaphase I
- homologous chrom.

88. Meiosis II
Interphase II
- chrom.
Prophase II
- Chrom. chrom. 2
chromatids
Metaphase II
- Chrom.
Anaphase II
- sister chromatid
chrom.

91. centrosome
centrosome
centrosome
centriole 2
Centromere
Kinetochore
centromere