CCC Medical Terminology Chapter 8
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The document discusses several medical procedures and tests related to the digestive system: Colonoscopy uses a flexible instrument to visually examine the colon for polyps or ulcers and can remove polyps; Bite-wing X-rays provide views of posterior teeth to identify cavities; Hematochezia indicates bleeding in the lower intestines, usually from diverticulosis or hemorrhoids but sometimes colorectal cancer; Serum bilirubin blood tests measure liver function by identifying levels of the waste product bilirubin, with high levels suggesting liver damage or bile duct blockage.
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Chapter 9 – urinary system
A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood from urea, which is produced when proteins break down. A BUN test, along with a creatinine test, can indicate how well the kidneys are functioning by checking if they are removing urea from the blood normally. Abnormal BUN levels may be caused by dehydration, kidney disease, liver disease, or a high-protein diet. Together, BUN and creatinine tests provide information about kidney health and function.
Chapter 9 – urinary system 10.12
The document defines several terms and procedures related to the urinary system. It discusses blood urea nitrogen (BUN) tests, retrograde pyelograms, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for kidney stones, urinary tract infections (UTIs), catheterization, and associated risks. The purpose is to provide information on various diagnostic tests and treatments involving the urinary system.
The urinary system
This document defines several medical terms and concepts related to urinary tract infections and diagnostics. It explains that a urinary tract infection usually starts in the bladder and can ascend to the kidneys, and are more common in women. It describes how to properly collect a clean catch urine sample and the use of intravenous pyelogram, KUB, and their purposes in examining the urinary system. It also defines bladder neck obstruction and its causes.
12 examination of the urogenital system
The document discusses examination of the urogenital system in various animal species. It describes the location and palpation of kidneys and bladder. For males, it covers visual inspection and palpation of testes, prepuce, and penis. For females, it discusses visual inspection, palpation of vaginal region, and use of a speculum to examine inside the vagina. It also addresses collection and analysis of urine samples to examine for abnormalities. Rectal palpation is described as a method to examine kidneys in some large animals.
biliary atresia
Biliary atresia is a rare disease where the bile ducts outside and inside the liver are destroyed, preventing bile from draining from the liver to the intestines. This leads to jaundice, liver damage, and life-threatening cirrhosis if left untreated. The cause is unknown but may involve a viral infection. Affected infants show prolonged jaundice beyond 14 days of age. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging like ultrasound and MRCP, and liver biopsy to examine duct proliferation and fibrosis. The definitive diagnosis is made during surgery using intraoperative cholangiography. Early diagnosis is important so the bile ducts can be surgically reconstructed to drain bile before irreversible liver damage occurs.
Urinary system presentation#9
The document provides information about abbreviations and components of the urinary system. It defines abbreviations such as ARF, cath, RP, KUB, and UTI. It then proceeds to explain each component in more detail. ARF refers to acute renal failure where the kidneys suddenly stop working. A cath is a catheterization procedure where a tube is inserted through the urethra. A RP is a retrograde pyelogram where dye is used to outline the urinary system for an x-ray. A KUB examines the kidneys, ureters and bladder using an x-ray without dye. Finally, a UTI refers to a urinary tract infection which can be caused by bacteria
Urology department
This document discusses several common urologic disorders identified by the American Urological Association Foundation. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a non-cancerous enlarged prostate that is very common in older men. Incontinence is a loss of bladder control that results in unwanted urine release. Urinary tract infections are caused by undesirable microbes attacking the urinary tract and causing infection, and are more common in women. Kidney stones develop when crystals in urine collect particles that can block urine flow and cause pain.
Extra hepatic biliary atresia
Biliary atresia is a condition where the bile ducts are obstructed or absent, preventing bile from draining from the liver. This causes jaundice and liver damage. There are several types depending on where the obstruction occurs. The main symptoms are jaundice appearing within 2-3 weeks of birth, pale stools, dark urine, and an enlarged liver. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy. Treatment is surgical exploration and correction within the first few months. With early surgery, 40-50% of patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia have long term survival, though prognosis is generally poor if left untreated.
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Chapter 9 – urinary system
A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood from urea, which is produced when proteins break down. A BUN test, along with a creatinine test, can indicate how well the kidneys are functioning by checking if they are removing urea from the blood normally. Abnormal BUN levels may be caused by dehydration, kidney disease, liver disease, or a high-protein diet. Together, BUN and creatinine tests provide information about kidney health and function.
Chapter 9 – urinary system 10.12
The document defines several terms and procedures related to the urinary system. It discusses blood urea nitrogen (BUN) tests, retrograde pyelograms, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for kidney stones, urinary tract infections (UTIs), catheterization, and associated risks. The purpose is to provide information on various diagnostic tests and treatments involving the urinary system.
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This document defines several medical terms and concepts related to urinary tract infections and diagnostics. It explains that a urinary tract infection usually starts in the bladder and can ascend to the kidneys, and are more common in women. It describes how to properly collect a clean catch urine sample and the use of intravenous pyelogram, KUB, and their purposes in examining the urinary system. It also defines bladder neck obstruction and its causes.
12 examination of the urogenital system
The document discusses examination of the urogenital system in various animal species. It describes the location and palpation of kidneys and bladder. For males, it covers visual inspection and palpation of testes, prepuce, and penis. For females, it discusses visual inspection, palpation of vaginal region, and use of a speculum to examine inside the vagina. It also addresses collection and analysis of urine samples to examine for abnormalities. Rectal palpation is described as a method to examine kidneys in some large animals.
biliary atresia
Biliary atresia is a rare disease where the bile ducts outside and inside the liver are destroyed, preventing bile from draining from the liver to the intestines. This leads to jaundice, liver damage, and life-threatening cirrhosis if left untreated. The cause is unknown but may involve a viral infection. Affected infants show prolonged jaundice beyond 14 days of age. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging like ultrasound and MRCP, and liver biopsy to examine duct proliferation and fibrosis. The definitive diagnosis is made during surgery using intraoperative cholangiography. Early diagnosis is important so the bile ducts can be surgically reconstructed to drain bile before irreversible liver damage occurs.
Urinary system presentation#9
The document provides information about abbreviations and components of the urinary system. It defines abbreviations such as ARF, cath, RP, KUB, and UTI. It then proceeds to explain each component in more detail. ARF refers to acute renal failure where the kidneys suddenly stop working. A cath is a catheterization procedure where a tube is inserted through the urethra. A RP is a retrograde pyelogram where dye is used to outline the urinary system for an x-ray. A KUB examines the kidneys, ureters and bladder using an x-ray without dye. Finally, a UTI refers to a urinary tract infection which can be caused by bacteria
Urology department
This document discusses several common urologic disorders identified by the American Urological Association Foundation. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a non-cancerous enlarged prostate that is very common in older men. Incontinence is a loss of bladder control that results in unwanted urine release. Urinary tract infections are caused by undesirable microbes attacking the urinary tract and causing infection, and are more common in women. Kidney stones develop when crystals in urine collect particles that can block urine flow and cause pain.
Extra hepatic biliary atresia
Biliary atresia is a condition where the bile ducts are obstructed or absent, preventing bile from draining from the liver. This causes jaundice and liver damage. There are several types depending on where the obstruction occurs. The main symptoms are jaundice appearing within 2-3 weeks of birth, pale stools, dark urine, and an enlarged liver. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy. Treatment is surgical exploration and correction within the first few months. With early surgery, 40-50% of patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia have long term survival, though prognosis is generally poor if left untreated.
Cholelithiasis anaphysio
The liver produces bile which aids in digestion. Bile contains cholesterol, bile salts, bile pigments and other components. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver before releasing it into the small intestine in response to fat ingestion. Bile emulsifies fat to allow for absorption in the small intestine. Bile salts are formed from cholesterol in the liver and secreted in bile and excreted in feces. Bile travels from the liver through bile ducts to the common bile duct and pancreatic duct, then to the duodenum.
Gallbladder, The Big Picture
The gallbladder is located near the liver and stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. It has three parts - the neck, body, and fundus. The cystic duct connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct. Gallstones can form in the gallbladder and cause problems like biliary colic, cholecystitis, cholangitis, or pancreatitis. Risk factors for gallstones include obesity, female gender, rapid weight loss, and certain medical conditions. Complications may include perforation or gangrene of the gallbladder.
1.gall bladder
The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ located on the inferior surface of the liver. It concentrates and stores bile produced by the liver. Bile contains water, electrolytes, bile salts, proteins, lipids, and bile pigments. Bile flows from the liver through the hepatic ducts and common bile duct into the duodenum. The sphincter of Oddi regulates bile and pancreatic juice flow. Ultrasonography is the initial test for gallbladder diseases and can detect gallstones. CT and HIDA scans provide additional information about the biliary tree and surrounding structures.
Cholelithiasis - By Sir Faisal Ghani
This document provides an overview of gallstones (cholelithiasis). It discusses the anatomy and functions of the gallbladder, causes of gallstone formation including obesity and oral contraceptives, clinical presentations such as pain or complications like acute cholecystitis, and treatments including open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy to remove the gallbladder in symptomatic cases. The key steps of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are also outlined.
Topic laboratory and instrumental methods of studying the kidneys and urinar...
The document summarizes various laboratory and instrumental methods used to study the kidneys and urinary system in children. It describes the anatomy and development of the kidneys, functions of the kidneys, diagnostic investigations including urinalysis, uroflowmetry, ultrasound, CT, MRI, voiding cystourethrogram, retrograde urethrogram, and CT urography. These methods are used to diagnose conditions like kidney stones, renal masses, reflux, obstruction, and anatomical abnormalities.
Gall bladder lecture
This document provides information about gallbladder anatomy, blood supply, drainage, and diseases. It describes:
- The gallbladder's location between parts of the liver and its pear shape.
- The cystic artery commonly arising from the right hepatic artery supplies the gallbladder.
- Bile produced in the liver contains bilirubin, cholesterol, bile salts, lecithin and is stored in the gallbladder.
- Cholelithiasis or gallstones can be cholesterol based, pigment based, or mixed and cause symptoms like biliary colic or acute cholecystitis.
Cancer of the large intestine [autosaved]
The document discusses cancer of the large intestine or colon cancer. It describes the anatomy of the large intestine and symptoms of colon cancer such as abdominal pain, blood in stool, and weight loss. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol use, family history, and certain medical conditions. Screening options are discussed like fecal tests and colonoscopy. Stages of colon cancer and common treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation are outlined. The document provides statistics on colon cancer rates and the importance of prevention, early detection, and treatment.
Gallstones- The ailment and its alleviation with Homeopathy.
Gall stones are hardened, solidified deposits of bile formed within the gallbladder. They cause no symptoms in two out of three people who have them. The most prominent symptom is severe colicky pain in the upper right side of the abdomen accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Pain usually occurs at night and after eating a fatty meal. The risk of forming gallstones increases with pregnancy, obesity, diabetes, rapid weight loss, etc. Homeopathy is a highly effective, quick and painless mode of relieving the agony and distress caused by Gallstones in most of the patients. Homeopathic medicines help dissolve the small and medium sized gallstones completely and help preserve the gallbladder. You can find more of such informative Power Point Presentations as well as other useful health information at www.welcomecure.com, the definitive online homeopathic treatment portal.
www.welcomecure.com
Anatomy of gall bladder
This document provides an overview of the anatomy, embryology, histology, imaging, and physiology of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It describes the components of the extrahepatic biliary system including the gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. It discusses the formation of the gallbladder during embryological development and provides details on the structure and blood supply of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It also summarizes the function of bile in digestion and the neurohormonal regulation of bile secretion and gallbladder contraction.
Biliary conditions
Biliary conditions include cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder usually caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct. Left untreated, it can lead to complications like gallbladder rupture. Cholelithiasis refers to gallstones present in the gallbladder. Risk factors for gallstone formation include being female, overweight, and in one's forties. Treatment options range from medication to surgically removing the gallbladder via laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Researchers are also studying scarless surgical techniques like NOTES.
Rupture of urinary bladder in large animals copy (2)
Uroperitoneum, or the leakage of urine into the abdominal cavity, is most commonly caused by rupture of the urinary bladder in cattle and horses. Bladder rupture typically occurs secondary to urinary tract obstruction from urolithiasis or stones. Clinical signs include abdominal distension, pain, and odor of urine from the breath. Diagnosis involves abdominal ultrasound to detect free fluid in the abdomen, as well as laboratory analysis of abdominal fluid. Definitive treatment requires surgical exploration and closure of any bladder tears. Post-operative care includes antibiotics and monitoring to ensure proper urination and prevent recurrence.
Biliary system anatomy,physiology & investigations
This document provides an overview of the anatomy, physiology, and investigations of the biliary system. It describes in detail the anatomy of structures including the gallbladder, cystic duct, hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, common bile duct, and sphincter of Oddi. Key aspects of biliary system physiology such as enterohepatic circulation and defects that can occur are summarized. Common investigations for evaluating the biliary system including blood tests, imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, MRI, and functional studies like HIDA scan are covered in brief.
Chapter 9 urinary system
The document summarizes various tests and procedures related to the urinary system. It describes a KUB x-ray which images the kidneys, ureters and bladder to check for issues like kidney stones. It also discusses chronic renal failure where the kidneys gradually lose function over time, and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy which uses sound waves to break up kidney stones. Additionally, it defines BUN and gu as tests to evaluate kidney function and the overall genitourinary system respectively.
Gall stones
Gallstones usually form in the gallbladder from the solid constituents of bile. The gallbladder acts as a storage depot for bile between meals and concentrates bile by absorbing water. Factors that can increase the risk of gallstone formation include obesity, rapid weight loss, genetic predisposition, female sex hormones, and a diet high in fat and calories. Gallstones may be made of cholesterol, pigment like calcium bilirubinate, or a mixture.
Chapter 8 - Digestive System
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible scope is inserted through the anus to view the colon and remove polyps. It allows for early detection of colon cancer and other abnormalities. A fecal occult blood test checks stool for hidden blood as a screening for colon cancer and other colon conditions. Other tests like a barium enema or lower gastrointestinal series use barium and x-rays to examine the colon and identify issues like inflammation, structural abnormalities, or weight loss.
Chapter 8 120 medical terminology
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera to examine the rectum and entire colon. It allows doctors to detect potential health issues like colon cancer, inflamed tissue, ulcers or abnormal growths that could be causing symptoms like changes in bowel movements, abdominal pain or bleeding. During the procedure, tissues samples can also be collected for biopsy.
Imaging of cystic duct
This document discusses the normal anatomy and variations of the cystic duct, as well as disease processes that can involve the cystic duct. Key points:
- The cystic duct normally measures 2-4 cm in length and connects the gallbladder to the extrahepatic bile duct. It contains spiral valves and exhibits variations in insertion point and course.
- Disease processes like gallstones, Mirizzi syndrome, and fistulas can cause cystic duct obstruction or compression. Imaging like MRCP and ERCP can identify stones or other abnormalities.
- Variations in cystic duct anatomy can cause surgical challenges or be mistaken for other entities on imaging. Optimal imaging techniques and patient positioning are important for accurate diagnosis.
Galastone
Gallstones form when there is an imbalance in bile that allows cholesterol to precipitate out of solution. Gallstones can cause complications like biliary colic, cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, and pancreatitis. Ultrasound is often the first imaging test used to detect gallstones in the gallbladder. For gallstones causing symptoms, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment, while asymptomatic gallstones may sometimes be dissolved medically with bile acids if surgery is declined.
Chapter 8 Medical Terminology
This document summarizes Chapter 8 of a medical textbook on the female reproductive system. It begins by introducing sexual reproduction and defining key terms like gametes, ovaries, testes, fertilization, zygote, and embryo. Diagrams then label and describe the organs of the female reproductive system. The chapter further explains the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, including implantation, the placenta, fetal development, and childbirth. It also discusses hormonal interactions and concludes with a vocabulary list of over 50 medical terms related to the female reproductive and reproductive systems.
Jet inView - новое имя на рынке ИБ. Наша продуктовая линейка сегодня и завтра.
Jet inView - новое имя на рынке ИБ. Наша продуктовая линейка сегодня и завтра.jet_information_security
Развитие продуктов компании "Инфосистемы Джет" в области информационной безопасности. От "Застава-Джет" до Jet inView. Ekonomický týždenník Poštovej banky - 12. týždeň, 2015
Ekonomický týždenník Poštovej banky - 12. týždeň, 2015
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Cholelithiasis anaphysio
The liver produces bile which aids in digestion. Bile contains cholesterol, bile salts, bile pigments and other components. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver before releasing it into the small intestine in response to fat ingestion. Bile emulsifies fat to allow for absorption in the small intestine. Bile salts are formed from cholesterol in the liver and secreted in bile and excreted in feces. Bile travels from the liver through bile ducts to the common bile duct and pancreatic duct, then to the duodenum.
Gallbladder, The Big Picture
The gallbladder is located near the liver and stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. It has three parts - the neck, body, and fundus. The cystic duct connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct. Gallstones can form in the gallbladder and cause problems like biliary colic, cholecystitis, cholangitis, or pancreatitis. Risk factors for gallstones include obesity, female gender, rapid weight loss, and certain medical conditions. Complications may include perforation or gangrene of the gallbladder.
1.gall bladder
The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ located on the inferior surface of the liver. It concentrates and stores bile produced by the liver. Bile contains water, electrolytes, bile salts, proteins, lipids, and bile pigments. Bile flows from the liver through the hepatic ducts and common bile duct into the duodenum. The sphincter of Oddi regulates bile and pancreatic juice flow. Ultrasonography is the initial test for gallbladder diseases and can detect gallstones. CT and HIDA scans provide additional information about the biliary tree and surrounding structures.
Cholelithiasis - By Sir Faisal Ghani
This document provides an overview of gallstones (cholelithiasis). It discusses the anatomy and functions of the gallbladder, causes of gallstone formation including obesity and oral contraceptives, clinical presentations such as pain or complications like acute cholecystitis, and treatments including open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy to remove the gallbladder in symptomatic cases. The key steps of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are also outlined.
Topic laboratory and instrumental methods of studying the kidneys and urinar...
The document summarizes various laboratory and instrumental methods used to study the kidneys and urinary system in children. It describes the anatomy and development of the kidneys, functions of the kidneys, diagnostic investigations including urinalysis, uroflowmetry, ultrasound, CT, MRI, voiding cystourethrogram, retrograde urethrogram, and CT urography. These methods are used to diagnose conditions like kidney stones, renal masses, reflux, obstruction, and anatomical abnormalities.
Gall bladder lecture
This document provides information about gallbladder anatomy, blood supply, drainage, and diseases. It describes:
- The gallbladder's location between parts of the liver and its pear shape.
- The cystic artery commonly arising from the right hepatic artery supplies the gallbladder.
- Bile produced in the liver contains bilirubin, cholesterol, bile salts, lecithin and is stored in the gallbladder.
- Cholelithiasis or gallstones can be cholesterol based, pigment based, or mixed and cause symptoms like biliary colic or acute cholecystitis.
Cancer of the large intestine [autosaved]
The document discusses cancer of the large intestine or colon cancer. It describes the anatomy of the large intestine and symptoms of colon cancer such as abdominal pain, blood in stool, and weight loss. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol use, family history, and certain medical conditions. Screening options are discussed like fecal tests and colonoscopy. Stages of colon cancer and common treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation are outlined. The document provides statistics on colon cancer rates and the importance of prevention, early detection, and treatment.
Gallstones- The ailment and its alleviation with Homeopathy.
Gall stones are hardened, solidified deposits of bile formed within the gallbladder. They cause no symptoms in two out of three people who have them. The most prominent symptom is severe colicky pain in the upper right side of the abdomen accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Pain usually occurs at night and after eating a fatty meal. The risk of forming gallstones increases with pregnancy, obesity, diabetes, rapid weight loss, etc. Homeopathy is a highly effective, quick and painless mode of relieving the agony and distress caused by Gallstones in most of the patients. Homeopathic medicines help dissolve the small and medium sized gallstones completely and help preserve the gallbladder. You can find more of such informative Power Point Presentations as well as other useful health information at www.welcomecure.com, the definitive online homeopathic treatment portal.
www.welcomecure.com
Anatomy of gall bladder
This document provides an overview of the anatomy, embryology, histology, imaging, and physiology of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It describes the components of the extrahepatic biliary system including the gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. It discusses the formation of the gallbladder during embryological development and provides details on the structure and blood supply of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It also summarizes the function of bile in digestion and the neurohormonal regulation of bile secretion and gallbladder contraction.
Biliary conditions
Biliary conditions include cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder usually caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct. Left untreated, it can lead to complications like gallbladder rupture. Cholelithiasis refers to gallstones present in the gallbladder. Risk factors for gallstone formation include being female, overweight, and in one's forties. Treatment options range from medication to surgically removing the gallbladder via laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Researchers are also studying scarless surgical techniques like NOTES.
Rupture of urinary bladder in large animals copy (2)
Uroperitoneum, or the leakage of urine into the abdominal cavity, is most commonly caused by rupture of the urinary bladder in cattle and horses. Bladder rupture typically occurs secondary to urinary tract obstruction from urolithiasis or stones. Clinical signs include abdominal distension, pain, and odor of urine from the breath. Diagnosis involves abdominal ultrasound to detect free fluid in the abdomen, as well as laboratory analysis of abdominal fluid. Definitive treatment requires surgical exploration and closure of any bladder tears. Post-operative care includes antibiotics and monitoring to ensure proper urination and prevent recurrence.
Biliary system anatomy,physiology & investigations
This document provides an overview of the anatomy, physiology, and investigations of the biliary system. It describes in detail the anatomy of structures including the gallbladder, cystic duct, hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, common bile duct, and sphincter of Oddi. Key aspects of biliary system physiology such as enterohepatic circulation and defects that can occur are summarized. Common investigations for evaluating the biliary system including blood tests, imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, MRI, and functional studies like HIDA scan are covered in brief.
Chapter 9 urinary system
The document summarizes various tests and procedures related to the urinary system. It describes a KUB x-ray which images the kidneys, ureters and bladder to check for issues like kidney stones. It also discusses chronic renal failure where the kidneys gradually lose function over time, and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy which uses sound waves to break up kidney stones. Additionally, it defines BUN and gu as tests to evaluate kidney function and the overall genitourinary system respectively.
Gall stones
Gallstones usually form in the gallbladder from the solid constituents of bile. The gallbladder acts as a storage depot for bile between meals and concentrates bile by absorbing water. Factors that can increase the risk of gallstone formation include obesity, rapid weight loss, genetic predisposition, female sex hormones, and a diet high in fat and calories. Gallstones may be made of cholesterol, pigment like calcium bilirubinate, or a mixture.
Chapter 8 - Digestive System
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible scope is inserted through the anus to view the colon and remove polyps. It allows for early detection of colon cancer and other abnormalities. A fecal occult blood test checks stool for hidden blood as a screening for colon cancer and other colon conditions. Other tests like a barium enema or lower gastrointestinal series use barium and x-rays to examine the colon and identify issues like inflammation, structural abnormalities, or weight loss.
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Imaging of cystic duct
This document discusses the normal anatomy and variations of the cystic duct, as well as disease processes that can involve the cystic duct. Key points:
- The cystic duct normally measures 2-4 cm in length and connects the gallbladder to the extrahepatic bile duct. It contains spiral valves and exhibits variations in insertion point and course.
- Disease processes like gallstones, Mirizzi syndrome, and fistulas can cause cystic duct obstruction or compression. Imaging like MRCP and ERCP can identify stones or other abnormalities.
- Variations in cystic duct anatomy can cause surgical challenges or be mistaken for other entities on imaging. Optimal imaging techniques and patient positioning are important for accurate diagnosis.
Galastone
Gallstones form when there is an imbalance in bile that allows cholesterol to precipitate out of solution. Gallstones can cause complications like biliary colic, cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, and pancreatitis. Ultrasound is often the first imaging test used to detect gallstones in the gallbladder. For gallstones causing symptoms, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment, while asymptomatic gallstones may sometimes be dissolved medically with bile acids if surgery is declined.
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Digestive system terms
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a gastroenterologist examines the inner lining of the large intestine and rectum using a thin flexible tube with a camera. It allows doctors to visually check for abnormalities like polyps and take tissue samples. Patients must undergo bowel preparation beforehand by following a clear liquid diet and taking laxatives. The procedure is mostly painless and performed as an outpatient procedure under sedation. Colonoscopies are recommended for people over 50 to screen for colorectal cancer.
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Hematochezia refers to the passing of bright red blood in stool and usually indicates bleeding in the large intestine or colon. The most common causes are diverticulitis and hemorrhoids. It can also be a symptom of colon cancer, intestinal infection, or inflammatory bowel disease. A colonoscopy allows examination of the inner lining of the rectum and colon using a thin, flexible tube inserted through the anus. This test helps detect ulcers, polyps, tumors, or areas of bleeding and is also used to screen for colon or rectal cancer. Small growths can be removed during the colonoscopy procedure.
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Hematochezia refers to the passing of bright red blood in stool and usually indicates bleeding in the large intestine or colon. The most common causes are diverticulitis and hemorrhoids. It can also be a symptom of colon cancer, intestinal infection, or inflammatory bowel disease. A colonoscopy allows examination of the inner lining of the rectum and colon using a thin, flexible tube inserted through the anus. This test helps detect ulcers, polyps, tumors, or areas of bleeding and is used to screen for colon or rectal cancer. Small growths can be removed during the colonoscopy procedure.
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The gallbladder and bile ducts are described. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ located under the liver that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. It has a fundus, body, neck and connects to the common bile duct via the cystic duct. The common hepatic duct forms from the right and left hepatic ducts and joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. Blood supply is from the cystic artery and drainage is into the portal vein and hepatic veins. Diagnostic tests for gallbladder and bile duct issues include blood tests, ultrasound, CT, MRI, HIDA scan, and ERCP which also allows for therapeutic interventions like sphincterotomy and stone extraction.
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Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is a screening procedure that enables the examiner to look inside the large intestine (rectum and colon) for polyps, abnormal areas, tumours or cancer. A colonoscope which a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and lens for viewing, is inserted through the rectum into the colon. The apparatus also has a tool to remove polyps or tissue samples, which are checked under a microscope for signs of cancer or other disease.
This procedure is always conducted on a doctor’s advice. Usually, patients are admitted a day ahead for such procedures, but the unique design and special care for day surgery at Apollo Clinics makes it possible for the patient to undergo this test in a single day without any hassles, which also implies that you can join your family for dinner the same day.
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Chapter 8 presentation
A colonoscopy is an internal examination of the colon and rectum performed using a flexible tube with a video camera. It requires 1-2 days of clear liquid diet and drinking a special solution to empty the colon. Colonoscopies are recommended for those over 50 or those at higher risk of colon cancer to check for cancer, polyps, blood in stool, or other issues. An anastomosis is a surgical connection between two hollow structures used to restore continuity after resection, and was traditionally created using sutures but now often uses staples or glue.
Chapter 8 Ppt (Mhf)
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible scope is inserted through the anus to view the colon and remove polyps. It allows for early detection of colon cancer and other abnormalities. A fecal occult blood test checks stool for hidden blood and is used along with colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. Other tests like a barium enema x-ray the colon to identify inflammation, structural abnormalities, or issues that could cause blood in stool.
Chapter 8 Ppt (Mhf)
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible scope is inserted through the anus to view the colon and remove polyps. It allows for early detection of colon cancer and other abnormalities. A fecal occult blood test checks stool for hidden blood and is used along with colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. Other tests like a barium enema x-ray the colon to identify inflammation, structural abnormalities, or issues that could cause blood in stool. Surgeries like a colostomy or colectomy may be needed to treat serious colon conditions.
Presentation 8
This document provides information about the digestive system and various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures related to it. It defines the digestive system and describes tests like colonoscopy, serum bilirubin tests, and imaging that are used to diagnose conditions. Therapeutic procedures discussed include dental extraction, gastric lavage to remove stomach contents, hernioplasty to repair hernias, and more. Steps for colonoscopy and gastric lavage procedures are outlined.
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- 1. Bio 120 – Medical Terminology Chapter 8 – The Digestive System Kevin Plattner 03/04/14
- 2. Colonoscopy • Colonoscope is a flexible instrument inserted through the anus, rectum and colon • Used to observe the upper region of the colon for visual diagnosis of polyps (precancerous fleshy growths inside colon) or ulceration • Polyps can also be removed • Regular colonoscopy is recommended for men and women beginning at age 50
- 3. Bite-Wing X-Ray • Tooth X-ray with film held parallel to the teeth by biting down on a tab • Used to observe crown and root of posterior teeth • Good view to identify relative position of the teeth • Regular bite-wing x-rays are recommended to identify dental caries (cavities)
- 4. Hematochezia • Red blood cells passed into stool • Indicates bleeding in the lower region of intestines • Usually caused by diverticulosis or hemorrhoids • Could be an indicator of colorectal cancer, which is more serious
- 5. Serum bilirubin • Blood test used to identify the level of bilirubin in the blood • Bilirubin is a waste product processed in the liver • Elevated bilirubin levels indicates liver damage or blockage of the bile ducts • High bilirubin levels can also cause jaundice, a yellowish tint of the eyes and skin