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The document provides an in-depth exploration of consumer behavior, detailing the activities involved in obtaining, consuming, and disposing of products and services. It highlights the importance of understanding consumer influences, such as culture and personal values, and discusses the evolution of consumer roles in the marketplace. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of studying consumer behavior for economic health and effective marketing strategies.
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- 2. Roger D. Blackwell PaulW. Miniard James F. Engel Consumer Behavior Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to the following address: Permissions Department, Thomson Business and Economics 5109 Natorp Boulevard Mason, OH 45040 800–423–0563
- 3. Consumer Behavior and ConsumerResearch CHAPTER 1
- 4. What Is ConsumerBehavior? Activities people undertake when obtaining, consuming, and disposing of products and services
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- 7. ConsumerConsumer InfluencesInfluences OrganizationalOrganizational InfluencesInfluences Culture Ethnicity Personality Family Life-stage Values Income Available Resources Attitudes Opinions Feelings Motivations Past Experiences PeerGroups Knowledge Brand Product Features Advertising Word of Mouth Promotions Retail Displays Price Quality Service Store Ambiance Convenience Loyalty Programs Packaging Product Availability
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- 10. ObtainingObtaining ConsumingConsuming DisposingDisposing •Howyou decide you want to buy •Other products you consider buying •Where you buy •How you pay for product •How you transport product home •How you use the product •How you store the product in your home •Who uses the product •How much you consume •How product compares with expectations •How you get rid of remaining product •How much you throw away after use •If you resell items yourself or through a consignment store •How you recycle some products
- 11. OBTAINING •How you decideyou want to buy •Other products you consider buying •Where you buy •How you pay for product •How you transport product home CONSUMING •How you use the product •How you store the product in your home •Who uses the product •How much you consume •How product compares with expectations DISPOSING •How you get rid of remaining product •How much you throw away after use •If you resell items yourself or through a consignment store •How you recycle some products CONSUMER INFLUENCES Culture Ethnicity Personality Family Life-stage Values Income Available Resources Attitudes Opinions Motivations Past Experiences Feelings Peer Groups Knowledge ORGANIZATIONAL INFLUENCES Brand Product Features Advertising Word of Mouth Promotions Retail Displays Price Quality Service Store Ambiance Convenience Loyalty Programs Packaging Product Availability Consumer Behavior
- 12. What Is ConsumerBehavior? Activities people undertake when obtaining, consuming, and disposing of products and services A field of study that focuses on consumer activities
- 13. What Is ConsumerBehavior? Activities people undertake when obtaining, consuming, and disposing of products and services A field of study that focuses on consumer activities Scope goes beyond just why and how people buy to include consumption analysis
- 14. Consumption Analysis Why andhow people use products in addition to why and how they buy
- 15. The Marketing Concept Theprocess of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives
- 16. The Marketing Concept Theprocess of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives Satisfaction with an exchange depends on satisfaction with consumption of product and the exchange of money
- 17. Why Study ConsumerBehavior?
- 18. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of a Nation
- 19. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of a Nation Consumer Behavior Determines the Success of Marketing Programs
- 20. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Success of Marketing Programs Marketing can be used to influence brand choice and purchase, while Demarketing can influence people to stop harmful consumption “The Customer is King” Organization influenced by consumer needs and wants
- 21. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Success of Marketing Programs Organizations that are Customer- centric use a total marketing approach to focus their resources on satisfying customers Marketing Process of transforming or changing an organization to have what people will buy
- 22. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of a Nation Consumer Behavior Determines the Success of Marketing Programs Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of Everyone
- 23. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of Everyone The individual’s decisions as a consumer determine their economic health by making more effective consumption decisions while avoiding deceptive practices harmful to them
- 24. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of Everyone Public policy leaders and social commentators study consumer behavior to alleviate overconsumption and underconsumption by educating consumers about problems and providing assistance
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- 26. Understanding consumers’ issuesor problems and developing methods to reach and educate consumers Educating Consumers About Health
- 27. Understanding consumers’ issuesor problems and developing methods to reach and educate consumers Educating Consumers About Health
- 28. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of a Nation Consumer Behavior Determines the Success of Marketing Programs Consumer Behavior Determines the Economic Health of Everyone Consumer Behavior Helps Formulate Public Policy
- 29. Understanding consumers’ needs to formulate public policy andpredicting behavioral changes that follow Helps Formulate Public Policy Interestrates Warning labels Economics SocialWelfare Family Planning Government Regulations Government Protection and Education Protection from Competitive Markets
- 30. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Affects Personal Policy
- 31. Why Study ConsumerBehavior? Consumer Behavior Affects Personal Policy Personal policy includes how you behave towards others and in buying situations, your values and beliefs, and how you live your life A person’s economic quality of life is determined by personal policy
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- 33. Evolution of ConsumerBehavior SupplyChain: all the organizations involved in taking a product from inception to final consumption - Manufacturers - Wholesalers - Retailers - Facilitating Organizations
- 34. Evolution of ConsumerBehavior SupplyChain: all the organizations involved in taking a product from inception to final consumption - Manufacturers - Wholesalers - Retailers - Facilitating Organizations Consumers’ Increased Influence on Business
- 35. Evolution of ConsumerBehavior WholesalerManufacturer Retailer Consumer Manufacturing Orientation Consumer Orientation Selling Orientation Marketing Orientation U.S. 1750-1850 1850-WWII 1970-2000 2000+ Europe 1750-1850 1760-WWII 1970-2000 2000+
- 36. Evolution of ConsumerBehavior WholesalerManufacturer Retailer Consumer Manufacturing Orientation Consumer Orientation Selling Orientation Marketing Orientation Consumers’ Increasing Influence U.S. 1750-1850 1850-WWII 1970-2000 2000+ Europe 1750-1850 1760-WWII 1970-2000 2000+
- 37. Manufacturing Orientation Evolution ofConsumerBehavior
- 38. Manufacturing Orientation Selling Orientation Evolutionof ConsumerBehavior
- 39. Manufacturing Orientation Selling Orientation MarketingOrientation Evolution of ConsumerBehavior
- 40. Manufacturing Orientation Selling Orientation MarketingOrientation - Motivation research - Positivism - Postmodernism Evolution of ConsumerBehavior
- 41. Evolution of ConsumerBehavior ManufacturingOrientation Selling Orientation Marketing Orientation Consumer Orientation
- 42. ConsumerOrientation Beyond a marketingfocus How all organizations in a demand chain adapt to changing consumer lifestyles and behaviors bringing product design, logistics, manufacturing, and retailing together Role of consumers in shaping many aspects of life—society, government, social programs, health cares, and other areas
- 43. Consumer Research: Methods ofStudying Consumer Behavior
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- 45. Consumer Research Methods Observation Observingconsumer behaviors in different situations such as natural or artificial settings
- 46. Consumer Research Methods Observation In-homeobservation: examining how and when consumers use and consume products in their households Shadowing: following and observing consumers in the shopping and consumption processes. Researchers may ask questions about reasons for behaviors Physiological methods: Techniques borrowed from medicine, psychology and other sciences including cameras to measure eye movement, galvanic skin response, and MRI
- 47. Consumer Research Methods Interviewsand Surveys
- 48. Consumer Research Methods Interviewsand Surveys Surveys: efficient method for gathering information from a large sample of consumers by asking questions and recording responses (telephone and Internet surveys, mall intercepts, and mail questionnaires)
- 49. Consumer Research Methods Interviewsand Surveys Surveys: efficient method for gathering information from a large sample of consumers by asking questions and recording responses (telephone and Internet surveys, mall intercepts, and mail questionnaires) Focus Groups: a group discussion led by a moderator skilled in persuading consumers to thoroughly discuss a topic of interest
- 50. Consumer Research Methods Interviewsand Surveys Surveys: efficient method for gathering information from a large sample of consumers by asking questions and recording responses (telephone and Internet surveys, mall intercepts, and mail questionnaires) Focus Groups: a group discussion led by a moderator skilled in persuading consumers to thoroughly discuss a topic of interest Longitudinal Studies: repeated measures of activities over time to determine changes in opinions, buying, and consumption behaviors
- 51. Consumer Research Methods Experimentation Measuringcause-and-effect relation-ships by manipulating independent variables to determine the effects of changes on dependent variables - Laboratory experiment - Field experiment
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- 53. Consumer Research Methods Experimentation Attemptsto understand cause-and-effect relationships by carefully manipulating independent variables to determine how these changes affect dependent variables - Laboratory experiment - Field experiment Independent variables might include number of advertisements and package design Dependent variables might include purchase intent or behavior
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- 55. Consumer Research Methods ConsumptionResearch Builds on the three primary research methods to examine how people use products and services rather than how they buy them
- 56. Understanding How Consumers UseProducts
- 57. Consumer Research Methods ConsumptionResearch Builds on the three primary research methods to examine how people use products and services rather than how they buy them May use ethnographic tools to under- stand how values and culture influence usage of products and other behaviors
- 58. Consumer Research Methods ConsumptionResearch Builds on the three primary research methods to examine how people use products and services rather than how they buy them May use ethnographic tools to under- stand how values and culture influence usage of products and other behaviors May identify new uses for existing products or new product to satisfy unmet or changing consumer needs
- 59. The Underlying Principlesof Consumer Behavior The Consumer Is Sovereign
- 60. The Underlying Principlesof Consumer Behavior The Consumer Is Sovereign The Consumer Is Global
- 61. The Underlying Principlesof Consumer Behavior The Consumer Is Sovereign The Consumer Is Global Consumers Are Different; Consumers Are Alike
- 62. Consumers appear differentbut respond in similar ways to brands
- 63. Consumers appear differentbut respond in similar ways to brands
- 64. The Underlying Principlesof ConsumerBehavior The Consumer Is Sovereign The Consumer Is Global Consumers Are Different; Consumers Are Alike The Consumer Has Rights
- 65. Consumer Bill ofRights
- 66. Challenges for theFuture Gathering and interpreting information that organizations need to meet changing needs of consumers Developing effective consumer research methods to capture changes in trends and lifestyles Understanding consumer behavior from a broader perspective as an important part of life