Catalog marketing is a specialized form of direct marketing where one-to-one communication occurs between the marketer and customer through catalogs. Catalogs have grown in popularity due to changing lifestyles and the increased costs of personal sales calls. Customers can now place orders via telephone or online in addition to through mail orders. Successful catalog marketing relies on key elements like personnel, merchandise selection, catalog design, sales promotion, mailing lists, and order fulfillment. While catalogs provide advantages like reaching customers online, the growth of email marketing has been complicated by the rise of unsolicited bulk email or spam.