Presentation at GCP21 Conference in the session of Cassava Mosaic Disease in Asia to highlight what is at stake with disease potentially impacting the productivity of this important commercial crop.
This document discusses Vietnam's billion dollar cassava export industry and its importance for smallholder farmers. It notes that Vietnam has exported $1-1.35 billion annually in cassava starch and dried chips for the past 6 years. Cassava production has rapidly increased across Vietnam in different agroecological zones, driven by expanding domestic and global demand. However, Vietnam's dependence on China as an export market makes its farmers vulnerable to volatility in Chinese agricultural policies and commodity prices.
Cassava: Hidden Ingredient in Global Supply ChainsJonathan Newby
This document summarizes the history and current state of cassava production and trade in Asia. It notes that cassava was introduced to Asia in the late 18th-early 19th centuries and is now a major crop. Cassava production in Asia has gone through four phases driven by policy and market changes. Currently, Thailand and Vietnam are two of the largest cassava producers and exporters. The document also discusses cassava consumption, trade flows, and opportunities and challenges for continued development of the Asian cassava sector.
CIAT's cassava program in Asia has the mission of creating a sustainable cassava production system through agricultural innovations. The program's objectives include aggressively introducing germplasm for screening, developing high-yielding disease resistant varieties, establishing pest and disease surveillance, and developing robust seed systems. The program consists of interlinked projects in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Indonesia focusing on production, marketing, value chains, and policy recommendations to improve rural livelihoods. Cassava is a key crop in Asia traded widely within the region and competing globally as a source of carbohydrates.
This document summarizes the global cassava market and key trends affecting supply and demand. It discusses how cassava competes with substitutes like maize and how relative price changes impact land use and production. Recent developments like African Swine Fever reducing demand in China and the spread of cassava diseases like CMD threaten the industry. Data on production, exports, and prices in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and other countries provide context on the structure and competitiveness of Asian cassava value chains.
Global markets, local value chains, production systems, and livelihoods of ca...Jonathan Newby
Throughout mainland Southeast Asia, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has become an important smallholder crop grown by millions of upland farmers. During the last decade, the area of cultivation has expanded rapidly to meet the growing global demand for carbohydrates in various applications. This includes a continuing expansion of both production and processing in Lao PDR. To help demystify the recent trends in the cassava market, we first highlight the connections between the cassava market and other global commodity markets. This demonstrates the need to understand global and regional value chains beyond the local context in which production and primary processing take place.
Research has generated an abundance of technologies that could enhance the productivity and sustainability of these cassava producers. Many of these have been developed with farmers using participatory evaluation methods. The challenge has been disseminating these technologies beyond a projects sphere of influence with adoption levels remaining very low. We hypothesise that, in particular contexts, private-sector value-chain actors have incentives to invest in the promotion of suitable varieties, fertiliser regimes, pest control, and other production practices. In other contexts, there is little incentive for private-sector involvement; and support and/or partnerships from public-sector or non-government actors will be required. As such, understanding the local production and value chain context is also critical to developing sustainable cassava value chains. We use agronomic trial results and value chain mapping to demonstrate the incentives for different cassava sector actor to work with smallholders to maintain and enhance their productivity in different production and market contexts.
Finally, we outline the future challenges facing smallholder farmers and other actors in the cassava sector. Previous research to understand global markets, value chains, production systems, and livelihoods will be critical inputs into the development and extension of new manage management practices and technical solutions to control the impacts of emerging cassava diseases in the region.
This document summarizes a presentation on opportunities for economic growth in sustainable cassava value chains for smallholder farmers in Southeast Asia. It finds that in the short term, low returns, debt, and declining farming areas pose challenges, but adopting existing technologies can boost yields and income. In the medium term, underlying demand for cassava products provides opportunities if production keeps pace with substitutes across scales. In the long term, new technologies and markets present opportunities for economic growth. The document reviews cassava markets, production challenges, and 2017 workplans to address opportunities through demonstration trials, household surveys, and policy engagement.
Strengthening value chain linkages to improve profitability and sustainabilit...Jonathan Newby
This document discusses strengthening value chain linkages to improve the sustainability and profitability of cassava production in Southeast Asia. It outlines how mapping value chains can help identify opportunities to link smallholder farmers to input and output markets. The document also stresses the importance of involving value chain actors when evaluating new cassava varieties and agricultural technologies, and facilitating dialog between stakeholders, in order to effectively scale technologies and support livelihoods.
This document discusses Vietnam's billion dollar cassava export industry and its importance for smallholder farmers. It notes that Vietnam has exported $1-1.35 billion annually in cassava starch and dried chips for the past 6 years. Cassava production has rapidly increased across Vietnam in different agroecological zones, driven by expanding domestic and global demand. However, Vietnam's dependence on China as an export market makes its farmers vulnerable to volatility in Chinese agricultural policies and commodity prices.
Cassava: Hidden Ingredient in Global Supply ChainsJonathan Newby
This document summarizes the history and current state of cassava production and trade in Asia. It notes that cassava was introduced to Asia in the late 18th-early 19th centuries and is now a major crop. Cassava production in Asia has gone through four phases driven by policy and market changes. Currently, Thailand and Vietnam are two of the largest cassava producers and exporters. The document also discusses cassava consumption, trade flows, and opportunities and challenges for continued development of the Asian cassava sector.
CIAT's cassava program in Asia has the mission of creating a sustainable cassava production system through agricultural innovations. The program's objectives include aggressively introducing germplasm for screening, developing high-yielding disease resistant varieties, establishing pest and disease surveillance, and developing robust seed systems. The program consists of interlinked projects in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Indonesia focusing on production, marketing, value chains, and policy recommendations to improve rural livelihoods. Cassava is a key crop in Asia traded widely within the region and competing globally as a source of carbohydrates.
This document summarizes the global cassava market and key trends affecting supply and demand. It discusses how cassava competes with substitutes like maize and how relative price changes impact land use and production. Recent developments like African Swine Fever reducing demand in China and the spread of cassava diseases like CMD threaten the industry. Data on production, exports, and prices in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and other countries provide context on the structure and competitiveness of Asian cassava value chains.
Global markets, local value chains, production systems, and livelihoods of ca...Jonathan Newby
Throughout mainland Southeast Asia, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has become an important smallholder crop grown by millions of upland farmers. During the last decade, the area of cultivation has expanded rapidly to meet the growing global demand for carbohydrates in various applications. This includes a continuing expansion of both production and processing in Lao PDR. To help demystify the recent trends in the cassava market, we first highlight the connections between the cassava market and other global commodity markets. This demonstrates the need to understand global and regional value chains beyond the local context in which production and primary processing take place.
Research has generated an abundance of technologies that could enhance the productivity and sustainability of these cassava producers. Many of these have been developed with farmers using participatory evaluation methods. The challenge has been disseminating these technologies beyond a projects sphere of influence with adoption levels remaining very low. We hypothesise that, in particular contexts, private-sector value-chain actors have incentives to invest in the promotion of suitable varieties, fertiliser regimes, pest control, and other production practices. In other contexts, there is little incentive for private-sector involvement; and support and/or partnerships from public-sector or non-government actors will be required. As such, understanding the local production and value chain context is also critical to developing sustainable cassava value chains. We use agronomic trial results and value chain mapping to demonstrate the incentives for different cassava sector actor to work with smallholders to maintain and enhance their productivity in different production and market contexts.
Finally, we outline the future challenges facing smallholder farmers and other actors in the cassava sector. Previous research to understand global markets, value chains, production systems, and livelihoods will be critical inputs into the development and extension of new manage management practices and technical solutions to control the impacts of emerging cassava diseases in the region.
This document summarizes a presentation on opportunities for economic growth in sustainable cassava value chains for smallholder farmers in Southeast Asia. It finds that in the short term, low returns, debt, and declining farming areas pose challenges, but adopting existing technologies can boost yields and income. In the medium term, underlying demand for cassava products provides opportunities if production keeps pace with substitutes across scales. In the long term, new technologies and markets present opportunities for economic growth. The document reviews cassava markets, production challenges, and 2017 workplans to address opportunities through demonstration trials, household surveys, and policy engagement.
Strengthening value chain linkages to improve profitability and sustainabilit...Jonathan Newby
This document discusses strengthening value chain linkages to improve the sustainability and profitability of cassava production in Southeast Asia. It outlines how mapping value chains can help identify opportunities to link smallholder farmers to input and output markets. The document also stresses the importance of involving value chain actors when evaluating new cassava varieties and agricultural technologies, and facilitating dialog between stakeholders, in order to effectively scale technologies and support livelihoods.
This document discusses the livelihoods of smallholder cassava farmers in Laos. It finds that most farmers grow cassava along with rice and raise livestock. Cassava production has expanded from subsistence to more commercial as Laos has increased cassava exports to Thailand and Vietnam. However, declining soil fertility and lack of soil management practices threaten the long term sustainability of cassava farming. The document proposes working with value chain actors and farmers to increase adoption of improved production and resource management techniques to develop a more sustainable cassava sector.
1) Cassava is a drought-resistant crop that is a staple food and source of income in many African countries. It can remain in the ground for years after harvest.
2) Mozambique has seen increasing cassava production in recent years through improved varieties and farming methods. However, the value chain is not well developed, and most cassava perishes after harvest.
3) The Export Trading Group plans to establish a large-scale cassava processing plant in Mozambique to produce higher value cassava products like starch, flour and processed leaves. Captive farming and outgrower schemes will supply the plant and improve food security.
Presentation of cassava value chains 04 mar 2013_englishHo Cao Viet
This document discusses cassava production and value chains in southern Vietnam. It provides data on global and Vietnamese cassava production, trade, and prices. It analyzes cassava productivity, prices, and cultivated areas in southern provinces from 2005-2011. The document describes cassava supply chains for export and domestic markets. It analyzes the financial contributions and value added of farmers, collectors, processors, traders, and factories. Finally, it summarizes feedback from value chain participants on interventions to improve productivity, processing, market information, and contracting.
The document summarizes a report on the status of Malaysia's paddy and rice industry. It finds that while the government has intervened in the industry for years, household incomes for paddy farmers remain below national levels. The report examines different segments of the industry including breeding, farming, milling and processing, trade and consumption. It identifies issues like the slow release of new varieties, segment favoritism squeezing mid-level players, and vulnerable migrant workers spending a high portion of income on rice. The report provides recommendations to improve coordination across industry segments and develop more inclusive policies.
Brian Clancey from STATPUB.com shares Global Pulses Import - Export data in this insightful presentation. Pulses production, demand, trends in import-export and future outlook as presented at India Pulses & Grains Associaiton's 'Global Pulses Conclave 2012.
This document summarizes the role of seeds in transforming agriculture in the Philippines, with a focus on rice. It outlines the Philippine seed system and related laws/regulations. It describes the evolution of rice varieties released and trends in adoption of modern varieties. Key issues are identified such as insufficient seed availability, adoption challenges, and cost/price issues. Recommendations include improving production/distribution systems, continuing research, increasing farmer education, and reviewing seed pricing policies.
The document discusses agricultural input policies in the Philippines across different time periods. It describes how fertilizer and seed policies evolved from heavy subsidies and price controls during the Green Revolution era to market liberalization and reduced subsidies today. It analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of major agricultural programs and how current policies aim to promote private sector participation and food security through trade openness and low import tariffs.
This document from the Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry outlines strategies to increase rice production and food security in Malaysia. It discusses rice production statistics and yields. The key strategies proposed are to increase average yields through improved crop management, increase yield potential through rice breeding research, utilize marginal lands through new technologies, and promote regional cooperation. Specific approaches include demonstration projects, new high-yielding varieties, irrigation infrastructure for rain-fed areas, and integrated pest management. The goal is to achieve self-sufficiency in rice production.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
This document discusses opportunities for increasing livestock production in Sri Lanka. It notes that Sri Lanka imports $1 billion worth of food annually, including milk and milk products. Livestock production has grown significantly for broiler and egg production but growth has been slower for milk, pork, and beef due to restrictions. The dry zone accounts for over 60% of livestock products but production decreases during cropping seasons due to lack of feed and grazing areas. The document proposes several ways forward, including mixed crop-livestock farming, youth employment in livestock businesses, pelletized feed, hydroponic fodder, and empowering rural women through livestock.
- Indian compound feed production has grown at an average annual growth rate of 8%, with some years seeing even higher growth of 11-13% due to factors like drought conditions increasing demand.
- The main sources of oil meals in India are soymeal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, and sunflower meal. However, soymeal is the major supply of protein in compound feed.
- To meet the rising demand for soymeal, given India's erratic soybean production, sunflower meal from countries like Ukraine, Russia, and Argentina could be imported to fill the supply gap. These countries have ample sunflower meal stocks available for exports.
- The best times to book imports of sunflower meal
Valorization of Tomato Pulp in Animal Feed: Brakes and Levers for the Develop...Premier Publishers
Faced with the challenge of food security in developing countries, the valorization of agricultural by-products in animal feed is an effective strategy if several conditions are met by the various actors in the agro-industrial sectors. This article, based on qualitative surveys of agri-food and livestock industry stakeholders in Algeria, provides an analysis of the brakes and levers for the creation of incentives for the adoption and dissemination of the use of tomato pulp in animal feed. Beyond the technical knowledge on the nutritional values of this by-product and its potential use in animal feed, this work shows that the main strategies currently implemented by food manufacturers for the recovery of tomato pulp remain sporadic and do not offer the possibility of expanding the market for the recovery of tomato pulp. The coordination of the actors in the sector remains the key to creating incentives for the adoption and dissemination of this new animal feed technique.
Why invest in livestock-based options for livelihoods, healthy lives and a su...ILRI
Keynote Address by Modibo Traore (FAO) at the ILRI@40 Conference on livestock-based options for sustainable food and nutritional security, economic well-being and healthy lives, Nairobi, Kenya, 1 October 2014
Marcos S. Jank
SPECIAL EVENT
Transforming Agriculture: Experiences and Insights from Brazil and Beyond
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Embrapa
MAY 15, 2018 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
- Philippine agriculture employs 37% of the labor force and is an important source of food and livelihood for rural communities. However, labor productivity has been declining.
- Key challenges include low investment in agriculture, environmental degradation, high population growth, land conversion, and effects of climate change like more frequent typhoons. This has led to low agricultural productivity and widespread poverty and unemployment.
- To address these issues, the document recommends increasing food production and rural employment, boosting agricultural productivity through improved technology and education, and developing climate-resilient varieties and conservation measures to confront climate change impacts.
This document discusses fertilizer policy and the fertilizer market in Myanmar. It contains several tables and figures analyzing fertilizer use, consumption trends, prices, distribution, and quality over time. Some key points:
- Fertilizer use increased crop yields and helped Myanmar achieve food self-sufficiency after 1978. However, the fertilizer market remains underdeveloped with issues around price, access, and quality.
- Government subsidies kept fertilizer prices low until the 1990s but were withdrawn in the 2000s, raising prices. Private sector distribution has also increased while government distribution declined.
- Total fertilizer consumption peaked in 2006-2007 at around 170,000 metric tons before declining. Consumption per hectare
Policy Framework & Seed Sector Development in PakistanAnjum Ali Buttar
The document discusses Pakistan's ranking in the 2017 Global Food Security Index, challenges facing Pakistan's food security and agriculture sector, and recommendations to improve the country's seed sector and ensure food security. Pakistan ranked 77th out of 113 countries in overall food security. Key issues included low investment in agricultural R&D and lack of transfer of research findings to farmers. The document proposes measures like strengthening seed regulation, promoting underutilized crops, and improving collaboration with international agricultural research organizations.
Rice production - trading - marketing & current situationHo Cao Viet
This document discusses rice production, trade, and current issues in Vietnam. It provides statistics on rice production and consumption globally and in Vietnam. It then examines Vietnam's rice exports by country in 2013. Current issues with rice production in Vietnam include high costs of production, lack of branding and marketing strategy, and small farm sizes. The document analyzes production costs like fertilizers, pesticides, and labor. It also provides selling prices and profits for farmers from 2010-2011 across provinces. The document concludes with opportunities for cooperation like market studies and improving logistics.
This document summarizes key points about food market transformation and food security in Asia, with a focus on China and India. It discusses the four "legs" of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. It also examines the rapid urbanization, economic growth, and integration occurring in Asian countries through foreign direct investment and trade. Key trends include the rising importance of non-rice foods, food processing, supermarkets, and intra-Asian trade. Data on GDP growth, poverty rates, rice yields, and more are presented to compare food security indicators in China and India. The challenges of feeding the growing populations in these "Dragon and Elephant" economies are also addressed.
This document discusses the livelihoods of smallholder cassava farmers in Laos. It finds that most farmers grow cassava along with rice and raise livestock. Cassava production has expanded from subsistence to more commercial as Laos has increased cassava exports to Thailand and Vietnam. However, declining soil fertility and lack of soil management practices threaten the long term sustainability of cassava farming. The document proposes working with value chain actors and farmers to increase adoption of improved production and resource management techniques to develop a more sustainable cassava sector.
1) Cassava is a drought-resistant crop that is a staple food and source of income in many African countries. It can remain in the ground for years after harvest.
2) Mozambique has seen increasing cassava production in recent years through improved varieties and farming methods. However, the value chain is not well developed, and most cassava perishes after harvest.
3) The Export Trading Group plans to establish a large-scale cassava processing plant in Mozambique to produce higher value cassava products like starch, flour and processed leaves. Captive farming and outgrower schemes will supply the plant and improve food security.
Presentation of cassava value chains 04 mar 2013_englishHo Cao Viet
This document discusses cassava production and value chains in southern Vietnam. It provides data on global and Vietnamese cassava production, trade, and prices. It analyzes cassava productivity, prices, and cultivated areas in southern provinces from 2005-2011. The document describes cassava supply chains for export and domestic markets. It analyzes the financial contributions and value added of farmers, collectors, processors, traders, and factories. Finally, it summarizes feedback from value chain participants on interventions to improve productivity, processing, market information, and contracting.
The document summarizes a report on the status of Malaysia's paddy and rice industry. It finds that while the government has intervened in the industry for years, household incomes for paddy farmers remain below national levels. The report examines different segments of the industry including breeding, farming, milling and processing, trade and consumption. It identifies issues like the slow release of new varieties, segment favoritism squeezing mid-level players, and vulnerable migrant workers spending a high portion of income on rice. The report provides recommendations to improve coordination across industry segments and develop more inclusive policies.
Brian Clancey from STATPUB.com shares Global Pulses Import - Export data in this insightful presentation. Pulses production, demand, trends in import-export and future outlook as presented at India Pulses & Grains Associaiton's 'Global Pulses Conclave 2012.
This document summarizes the role of seeds in transforming agriculture in the Philippines, with a focus on rice. It outlines the Philippine seed system and related laws/regulations. It describes the evolution of rice varieties released and trends in adoption of modern varieties. Key issues are identified such as insufficient seed availability, adoption challenges, and cost/price issues. Recommendations include improving production/distribution systems, continuing research, increasing farmer education, and reviewing seed pricing policies.
The document discusses agricultural input policies in the Philippines across different time periods. It describes how fertilizer and seed policies evolved from heavy subsidies and price controls during the Green Revolution era to market liberalization and reduced subsidies today. It analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of major agricultural programs and how current policies aim to promote private sector participation and food security through trade openness and low import tariffs.
This document from the Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry outlines strategies to increase rice production and food security in Malaysia. It discusses rice production statistics and yields. The key strategies proposed are to increase average yields through improved crop management, increase yield potential through rice breeding research, utilize marginal lands through new technologies, and promote regional cooperation. Specific approaches include demonstration projects, new high-yielding varieties, irrigation infrastructure for rain-fed areas, and integrated pest management. The goal is to achieve self-sufficiency in rice production.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
This document discusses opportunities for increasing livestock production in Sri Lanka. It notes that Sri Lanka imports $1 billion worth of food annually, including milk and milk products. Livestock production has grown significantly for broiler and egg production but growth has been slower for milk, pork, and beef due to restrictions. The dry zone accounts for over 60% of livestock products but production decreases during cropping seasons due to lack of feed and grazing areas. The document proposes several ways forward, including mixed crop-livestock farming, youth employment in livestock businesses, pelletized feed, hydroponic fodder, and empowering rural women through livestock.
- Indian compound feed production has grown at an average annual growth rate of 8%, with some years seeing even higher growth of 11-13% due to factors like drought conditions increasing demand.
- The main sources of oil meals in India are soymeal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, and sunflower meal. However, soymeal is the major supply of protein in compound feed.
- To meet the rising demand for soymeal, given India's erratic soybean production, sunflower meal from countries like Ukraine, Russia, and Argentina could be imported to fill the supply gap. These countries have ample sunflower meal stocks available for exports.
- The best times to book imports of sunflower meal
Valorization of Tomato Pulp in Animal Feed: Brakes and Levers for the Develop...Premier Publishers
Faced with the challenge of food security in developing countries, the valorization of agricultural by-products in animal feed is an effective strategy if several conditions are met by the various actors in the agro-industrial sectors. This article, based on qualitative surveys of agri-food and livestock industry stakeholders in Algeria, provides an analysis of the brakes and levers for the creation of incentives for the adoption and dissemination of the use of tomato pulp in animal feed. Beyond the technical knowledge on the nutritional values of this by-product and its potential use in animal feed, this work shows that the main strategies currently implemented by food manufacturers for the recovery of tomato pulp remain sporadic and do not offer the possibility of expanding the market for the recovery of tomato pulp. The coordination of the actors in the sector remains the key to creating incentives for the adoption and dissemination of this new animal feed technique.
Why invest in livestock-based options for livelihoods, healthy lives and a su...ILRI
Keynote Address by Modibo Traore (FAO) at the ILRI@40 Conference on livestock-based options for sustainable food and nutritional security, economic well-being and healthy lives, Nairobi, Kenya, 1 October 2014
Marcos S. Jank
SPECIAL EVENT
Transforming Agriculture: Experiences and Insights from Brazil and Beyond
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Embrapa
MAY 15, 2018 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
- Philippine agriculture employs 37% of the labor force and is an important source of food and livelihood for rural communities. However, labor productivity has been declining.
- Key challenges include low investment in agriculture, environmental degradation, high population growth, land conversion, and effects of climate change like more frequent typhoons. This has led to low agricultural productivity and widespread poverty and unemployment.
- To address these issues, the document recommends increasing food production and rural employment, boosting agricultural productivity through improved technology and education, and developing climate-resilient varieties and conservation measures to confront climate change impacts.
This document discusses fertilizer policy and the fertilizer market in Myanmar. It contains several tables and figures analyzing fertilizer use, consumption trends, prices, distribution, and quality over time. Some key points:
- Fertilizer use increased crop yields and helped Myanmar achieve food self-sufficiency after 1978. However, the fertilizer market remains underdeveloped with issues around price, access, and quality.
- Government subsidies kept fertilizer prices low until the 1990s but were withdrawn in the 2000s, raising prices. Private sector distribution has also increased while government distribution declined.
- Total fertilizer consumption peaked in 2006-2007 at around 170,000 metric tons before declining. Consumption per hectare
Policy Framework & Seed Sector Development in PakistanAnjum Ali Buttar
The document discusses Pakistan's ranking in the 2017 Global Food Security Index, challenges facing Pakistan's food security and agriculture sector, and recommendations to improve the country's seed sector and ensure food security. Pakistan ranked 77th out of 113 countries in overall food security. Key issues included low investment in agricultural R&D and lack of transfer of research findings to farmers. The document proposes measures like strengthening seed regulation, promoting underutilized crops, and improving collaboration with international agricultural research organizations.
Rice production - trading - marketing & current situationHo Cao Viet
This document discusses rice production, trade, and current issues in Vietnam. It provides statistics on rice production and consumption globally and in Vietnam. It then examines Vietnam's rice exports by country in 2013. Current issues with rice production in Vietnam include high costs of production, lack of branding and marketing strategy, and small farm sizes. The document analyzes production costs like fertilizers, pesticides, and labor. It also provides selling prices and profits for farmers from 2010-2011 across provinces. The document concludes with opportunities for cooperation like market studies and improving logistics.
This document summarizes key points about food market transformation and food security in Asia, with a focus on China and India. It discusses the four "legs" of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. It also examines the rapid urbanization, economic growth, and integration occurring in Asian countries through foreign direct investment and trade. Key trends include the rising importance of non-rice foods, food processing, supermarkets, and intra-Asian trade. Data on GDP growth, poverty rates, rice yields, and more are presented to compare food security indicators in China and India. The challenges of feeding the growing populations in these "Dragon and Elephant" economies are also addressed.
Rice policy in thailand production and economic issues (1), june 20, 2017somporn Isvilanonda
Thailand in the world rice trade; Rice economy of Thailand and success factors; Government rice price policy past and present; Creating new platform for rural rice production economy
The Changing Economics and Politics of Rice: Implications for Food Security, ...Joachim von Braun
The document discusses the changing global context of rice production and consumption and its implications. It notes that while rice consumption is declining as incomes rise in Asia, population growth and urbanization are increasing global demand for rice. Future rice production will require sustainable technologies to increase yields while addressing environmental issues. Scenario analysis shows that without progressive policies that promote agricultural growth, global food security and malnutrition could worsen by 2050 due to rising prices and limited production increases. International cooperation in rice science and technology is needed to ensure continued improvements in global rice supply.
- World soybean usage is projected to exceed production in the 2011/12 marketing year, tightening global supply.
- Soybean production has declined in Argentina and Brazil from last year, estimated at 22 million metric tons lower.
- The US soybean crop is estimated at 89.8 million metric tons if weather is normal, or 92.5 million metric tons if yields are high.
- China is the strongest buyer of US and South American soy products and will continue driving global demand.
The document outlines Cambodia's agricultural transformation over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key changes include increased productivity, expansion of rice milling, changing labor patterns, and infrastructure growth. Driving forces were policy reforms, investment, technology adoption, and higher food prices. Sustaining growth requires improving the business environment, public-private partnerships, skills development, and strategic national programs. The diagnostic study will analyze four commodities across regions using surveys, focus groups, and comparing to a previous study to inform Cambodia's agricultural roadmap.
This document discusses the effects of international agricultural trade policies on food security in East Africa. It finds that while farm support is declining in developed countries, it is increasing in emerging economies, distorting some global commodity markets. This has contributed to higher and more volatile international food prices. In East Africa, some countries have improved food security but there is variability within the region. International trade competition is growing but regional trade opportunities also exist. The document recommends strengthening East Africa's common trade policies, improving the business environment for farmers, and mobilizing resources to support agricultural development goals.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
The document discusses the need to move beyond a focus on staple crops in agricultural policy and support diversified diets. It notes that while diets are diversifying globally to include more fruits, vegetables and animal products, agricultural production and policy still emphasize staple grains like wheat, rice and maize. This disconnect does not support the production of more nutrient-rich foods or the dietary changes occurring. The document advocates creating a more level policy playing field to encourage diversification into higher-value crops.
14 March 2016. Brussels. DevCo External Cooperation InfoPoint. An overview of the situation of food and nutrition security in the world today was presented. Special emphasis was given to the current situation of El Niño, current droughts in Africa South of the Sahara, and potential policies that need to be put in place in the future to minimize these and associated risks.
Introduction: Jean-Pierre Halkin, Head of Unit - DEVCO C1- Rural development, Food security, Nutrition
Presentation: Maximo Torrero, Director, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division, International Food Policy Research Institute
Extensive and intensive margins of india’s pulses tradeJaspreet Aulakh
This document analyzes India's pulse imports and the extensive and intensive margins of trade. It finds:
1) India's pulse imports have grown significantly in recent decades, with the share of different pulses varying over time. Peas have increased from 17.7% to 50% of imports while chickpeas have declined from 24.3% to 3.7%.
2) Trade has expanded both through intensive margins (more imports from existing partners) and extensive margins (new trade flows from new partners/products). Yellow peas first expanded extensively and then intensively.
3) The margins varied across pulses and time periods. Extensive margins played a bigger role during shocks when new suppliers emerged. Intensive
Thailand has long relied on rice production as a staple crop and major export. Infrastructure development in the 1960s-1980s stimulated rapid rice production growth. Key drivers included irrigation expansion in the 1960s-1970s enabling access to high-yielding varieties, ensuring private land ownership, and public sector agricultural research and development. Rice area and production doubled over four decades as mechanization and crop intensification followed adoption of modern varieties, strengthening Thailand's competitive rice exports.
India Maize Summit 2015 - Session 1: P K Joshi, International Food Policy Re...NCDEX Ltd.
Global status of maize production
Status of global maize trade
Dynamics of maize production in India
Favorable environment for maize
Challenges to the maize sector
Solutions to address the challenges
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium1: Trade policies to boost Africa’s rice sector
Author: Kuku-Shittu
Agricultural transformation in PNG can be understood from an agri-food system perspective. This involves (1) rising farm productivity to increase food production and consumption for subsistence farmers, (2) linking farmers to local markets so they can sell surpluses to raise incomes and create local jobs, and (3) engaging the rural non-farm economy so farmers and others start businesses that generate demand and incomes across rural areas. Together these steps can help harness urban markets where urban consumer demand drives more value-addition of agricultural products and diversification opportunities. Currently, PNG's industry and service sectors have contributed more to economic growth than agriculture, but slow agricultural output growth suggests little improvement in rural welfare. Analyzing the full ag
Dr. Nguyen Do Anh Tuan - Director General, Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agriculture and Rural Development
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia conference “Agriculture and Rural Transformation in Asia: Past Experiences and Future Opportunities”. An international conference jointly organized by ReSAKSS-Asia, IFPRI, TDRI, and TVSEP project of Leibniz Universit Hannover with support from USAID and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) at the Dusit Thani Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand December 12–14, 2017.
Markets and risk for dryland cereals and pulsesDr.Ranjit Kumar
Cereals and pulses grown in dryland region faces several challenges, other than improved production technologies. Declining food demand for cereals and increasing market & price risks for pulses are emerging issues need public policy and researchers attentions.
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Cassava markets, value chains and livelihoods in Asia: when uncertain is the only certainty
1. Cassava markets, value chains and livelihoods in Asia:
when uncertain is the only certainty
Dr. Jonathan Newby
Cassava Program Regional Coordinator - Asia
International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)
2. Cassava markets, value chains and
livelihoods in Asia:
when uncertain is the only certainty
Contonou, Benin, June 2018
Jonathan Newby, Cu Thi Le Thuy, Dominic Smith
j.newby@cgiar.org
3. Introduction to cassava in Southeast Asia across scales
As we work through the different scales, consider what a major disease
outbreak mean for various stakeholders in the cassava value chain.
1. The global market and trade
2. Local processors and national exports
3. Rural Livelihoods
Cassava farmers and processors in Asia are
involved in a constant battle to be competitive
VS
4. On the demand side – the market outlook for cassava in Asia needs to be
considered in the context of substitutes in different applications
1. Cassava for direct consumption or sale into short
value chains as fresh roots for food. Competition
with other food such as rice based on price and
consumer preferences.
2. Global markets where cassava chips compete
with other forms of carbohydrate for processing
animal feed or ethanol such as maize, sorghum,
wheat, molasses – oil, gas.
3. Markets where cassava starch competes largely
on price with substitutes such as maize and
potato starch, sugarcane.
4. Markets where the functional properties of the
starch are desired. Consumer preferences, clean
label segment, gluten free etc.
5. And on the supply side – the relative competitiveness against other land use
in the context of different trends and shocks
• Own price and relative prices to other
commodities that can be produced in
agroecological zones
• Changes in costs of production
• Changing labour costs and ease of mechanization
• Long term climate trends
• Floods and droughts
• Changes in land suitability and land
degradation
• IMPACT OF PEST AND DISEASE
6. How much cassava is currently grown in Asia? How much next year?
• National statistics
typically 2 years out
of date.
• Difficult to
disaggregate to lower
administration levels
due to traditional
reporting processes.
• Cases of ‘political’
statistical reporting
to achieve policy
objectives.0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4 1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
Areaofcassavaproduction(Millionha)
Indonesia Philippines Malaysia Thailand Viet Nam
Cambodia Lao PDR Myanmar Other
Indonesia continues to decline
Determined on relative prices
Expansion speed based on prices
FAO Stats
7. Value of cassava trade and relative importance of cassava
starch in global trade
Source: Comtrade
Global trade largely is Southeast Asia exporting to East Asia and Southeast Asia
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Valueofexports(BillionUSD)
Cassava starch Cassava (fresh&dried)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Valueofexports(BillionUSD)
Other
Potato starch
Wheat starch
Corn starch
Cassava starch
8. 0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Valueofcassavaexports(billionusd)
Value of cassava exports (2009-2017)
Total (USD) China
A billion dollar export crop for Vietnam for the past 6 years
• A billion dollar USD export earner
for Vietnam for starch and chips
• Domestic utilisation in
• MSG,
• Paper and cardboard
• Animal feed (chips and starch)
• Noodles
• Sweeteners and syrups
• Traditional food
9. Rising incomes in Asia: changing diets and consumption
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
GDPpercapita(constant2010US$)
WorldBank Stats
Malaysia
China
Indonesia
Thailand East Asia
(-pacific)
World
Averages hide rural
poverty, particularly in
marginal upland areas
21. Cumulative monthly exports from Thailand and Vietnam to Indonesia
(million USD)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
ThailandcassavastarchexportstoIndonesia
(MillionUSD)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
VietnamcassavastarchexportstoIndonesia
(MillionUSD)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Thailand Vietnam
22. Difference in Thai cassava and US maize starch
• Cassava starch has again become
a relatively more expensive feed
stock for deep processing
• Eg. Manufacture of sweeteners
• Short term options for
Indonesian deep processors to
remain competitive
• Use alternative feed stock (maize)
• Import processed products (glucose etc).
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Oct-09
Mar-10
Aug-10
Jan-11
Jun-11
Nov-11
Apr-12
Sep-12
Feb-13
Jul-13
Dec-13
May-14
Oct-14
Mar-15
Aug-15
Jan-16
Jun-16
Nov-16
Apr-17
Sep-17
Feb-18
USD/MT
Difference
Tapioca starch (Super High-Grade) FOB Bangkok
Corn starch, Midwest
2012 2018
26. Grown by upland farmers to support livelihood security
(Eastern Cambodia)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Chitr_borie Siem_bouk Snuol Total
Riel/Year
Millions
Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
6m Riel = $1500 USD
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total
Income Quartiles
Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total
Income Quartiles
Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
Gross total income % share of total income % share of cash income
27. Grown by upland farmers to support livelihood security
(Lao PDR)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total
Income Quartiles
Total Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total
Income Quartiles
Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
KIP/Year
Millions
Total Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
20m Kip = $2350 USD
Gross total income % share of total income % share of cash income
28. Grown by upland farmers to support livelihood security
(DakLak Province - Vietnam)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Cukty Dang kang Ea sar Ea so Total
VND/Year
Millions
Total Cassava Income Non-Cassava Cropping Income
Total Livestock Income Off-farm Income
Coffee
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Cassava Coffee Other crops Livestock Off-farm Income
Sugarcane
40m Kip = $1745 USD
Gross total income % share of cash income
Marginal land &
Limited resources
30. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Kratie Stung Treng Bolikhamxay Sayabouly Dak Lak Son La
Cambodia Lao PDR Vietnam
USD/T(Farmgatefreshroot)
Shut down price
Lowest price
Most likely price
Best price
Farmer experience and perception of farm gate prices (past 5 years)
Survey conducted in July – October 2017
31. Adding another level of production risk from emerging
pest and disease will significant impacts rural
livelihoods, industry and national economies
34. Conclusion
1. Market and production risk contribute to the vulnerability of smallholder cassava
farmers in Asia – debt, distressed land sales, migration by necessity, and other
undesirable livelihood choices… (collection of UXO, logging, etc).
2. An understanding of the global market context in which localised cassava value
chains operate (farmer-trader-processor) helps recognize the market risk that
farmers and processors are exposed to – but timely information and decision
support tools are necessary.
3. The addition of disease pressure will impact the competitiveness of smallholder
cassava farmers in the global carbohydrate market
4. The poorest households in communities are the most reliant on cassava for their
livelihoods and the less able to quickly adapt their livelihood portfolio in the face of
new constraints.
35. Join the conversation at : https://www.facebook.com/groups/1462662477369426/
ACIAR Cassava Value Chain and Livelihood Program