Cash concentration strategies
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
4 likes•4,569 views
Definition of Cash concentration Concentration banks Concentration mechanism Frequency of transfer Depository or lock-box banks Regional concentration banks Central concentration banks
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Cash management
This document discusses the management of cash. It begins by defining cash and its importance as the most liquid asset. It then discusses determining the optimal cash balance, collecting cash efficiently from receivables, and disbursing cash payments in a timely manner. The document outlines various motives for holding cash like transaction, precautionary and speculative motives. It also discusses objectives of cash management like maintaining an optimal cash balance.
Treasury management
The document discusses treasury management in banks. It defines treasury as the storage place for a bank's cash assets like gold, silver, and money. Treasury management involves managing a bank's liquidity, investments, foreign exchange activities, and other financial operations. It aims to efficiently manage the bank's cash flows, maintain sufficient liquidity levels, and maximize returns while mitigating risks like interest rate fluctuations or currency volatility. The key roles of a bank's treasury department include cash forecasting, working capital management, investment management, and providing advice to ensure the bank meets its financial objectives.
Eurobonds
Eurobonds are international bonds that are underwritten by multinational banks and placed in countries other than where the currency is from. Around 75% are denominated in US dollars. Companies issuing Eurobonds pay slightly lower interest than domestic US bonds. The main advantages are increased liquidity, protection from market shocks, guaranteed funding for EU countries and improvement of the euro internationally. The main disadvantages are possible free-riding, tensions with the no-bailout clause, and questions around credibility and politics. The Eurobond market has grown since 2001 as the euro became more important internationally for investors and issuers.
Cash forecasting
Cash management is important for working capital management. There are four motives for holding cash: transaction, precautionary, speculative, and compensating. The objectives of cash management are to meet payment schedules and minimize idle cash balances. Cash needs depend on the synchronization of cash inflows and outflows. Forecasting cash flows helps anticipate surplus or deficit periods to avoid issues like late payments or idle surplus cash. Cash can be forecast over different time periods using receipts/disbursements or adjusted net income approaches.
Swaps (derivatives)
A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows over a period of time, where at least one cash flow is determined by a variable such as interest rate, foreign exchange rate, or equity price. The most common type is an interest rate swap, where parties exchange interest payments on a notional principal amount at fixed and floating rates. Swaps allow users to align the risk characteristics of their assets and liabilities.
Multinational cost and capital structure
The document discusses how multinational corporations determine their cost of capital and establish optimal capital structures. It explains that an MNC's cost of capital may differ from domestic firms due to their size, access to international markets, diversification across countries, and exposure to exchange rate and country risks. The cost of capital also varies by country based on interest rates, risk premiums, and tax laws. An MNC considers these corporate and country characteristics when deciding how much debt and equity to use in different subsidiaries to minimize its overall cost of capital.
Credit Policy and Procedures
Topics include components of a credit policy, steps used in establishing a credit policy, how a credit policy is implemented, types of credit policies, components of a credit manual, etc.
Working Capital Management
The document discusses working capital management and its relationship to supply chain management. It defines key terms like working capital, cash conversion cycle, and provides objectives of working capital management. It also outlines metrics that impact a company's profit/loss and balance sheet. Additionally, it discusses how optimizing working capital management and supply chain management can increase profitability, liquidity, and value creation through improved efficiency.
Recommended
Cash management
This document discusses the management of cash. It begins by defining cash and its importance as the most liquid asset. It then discusses determining the optimal cash balance, collecting cash efficiently from receivables, and disbursing cash payments in a timely manner. The document outlines various motives for holding cash like transaction, precautionary and speculative motives. It also discusses objectives of cash management like maintaining an optimal cash balance.
Treasury management
The document discusses treasury management in banks. It defines treasury as the storage place for a bank's cash assets like gold, silver, and money. Treasury management involves managing a bank's liquidity, investments, foreign exchange activities, and other financial operations. It aims to efficiently manage the bank's cash flows, maintain sufficient liquidity levels, and maximize returns while mitigating risks like interest rate fluctuations or currency volatility. The key roles of a bank's treasury department include cash forecasting, working capital management, investment management, and providing advice to ensure the bank meets its financial objectives.
Eurobonds
Eurobonds are international bonds that are underwritten by multinational banks and placed in countries other than where the currency is from. Around 75% are denominated in US dollars. Companies issuing Eurobonds pay slightly lower interest than domestic US bonds. The main advantages are increased liquidity, protection from market shocks, guaranteed funding for EU countries and improvement of the euro internationally. The main disadvantages are possible free-riding, tensions with the no-bailout clause, and questions around credibility and politics. The Eurobond market has grown since 2001 as the euro became more important internationally for investors and issuers.
Cash forecasting
Cash management is important for working capital management. There are four motives for holding cash: transaction, precautionary, speculative, and compensating. The objectives of cash management are to meet payment schedules and minimize idle cash balances. Cash needs depend on the synchronization of cash inflows and outflows. Forecasting cash flows helps anticipate surplus or deficit periods to avoid issues like late payments or idle surplus cash. Cash can be forecast over different time periods using receipts/disbursements or adjusted net income approaches.
Swaps (derivatives)
A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows over a period of time, where at least one cash flow is determined by a variable such as interest rate, foreign exchange rate, or equity price. The most common type is an interest rate swap, where parties exchange interest payments on a notional principal amount at fixed and floating rates. Swaps allow users to align the risk characteristics of their assets and liabilities.
Multinational cost and capital structure
The document discusses how multinational corporations determine their cost of capital and establish optimal capital structures. It explains that an MNC's cost of capital may differ from domestic firms due to their size, access to international markets, diversification across countries, and exposure to exchange rate and country risks. The cost of capital also varies by country based on interest rates, risk premiums, and tax laws. An MNC considers these corporate and country characteristics when deciding how much debt and equity to use in different subsidiaries to minimize its overall cost of capital.
Credit Policy and Procedures
Topics include components of a credit policy, steps used in establishing a credit policy, how a credit policy is implemented, types of credit policies, components of a credit manual, etc.
Working Capital Management
The document discusses working capital management and its relationship to supply chain management. It defines key terms like working capital, cash conversion cycle, and provides objectives of working capital management. It also outlines metrics that impact a company's profit/loss and balance sheet. Additionally, it discusses how optimizing working capital management and supply chain management can increase profitability, liquidity, and value creation through improved efficiency.
CASH MANAGEMENT
CASH MANAGEMENT
-Cash Management & Marketable securities
-Motives for holding cash
-Objectives of cash management
-Factors determining cash needs
-Cash Budget:Management tool
-Elements for preparation of cash budget
-Cash Management Strategies
-Cash Management techniques/processes
-(examples also)
CASH MANAGEMENT
This document discusses cash management for business organizations. It covers controlling cash levels, controlling cash inflows and outflows, and optimally investing excess cash. Tools for cash planning include net cash forecasts and cash budgets. Cash budgets in particular are important for evaluating financial performance, setting dividend policies, and planning by indicating cash surpluses or deficiencies. Controlling cash outflows is also discussed. Overall the document provides an overview of key aspects of effective cash management for organizations.
Treasury Management
This document provides an overview of treasury management in banks. It discusses key topics such as:
- The role and objectives of the treasury department in managing a bank's funds, liquidity, investments, and risks.
- The organizational structure of treasury operations, including the front office, mid office, and back office functions.
- Responsibilities of the treasury like cash forecasting, investment management, risk management, and maintaining regulatory reserves.
- The treasurer's duties in areas like financial oversight, funding, financial reporting, and controlling assets.
Cash float
1. Float refers to the difference between a firm's cash balance in its records and its bank balance, which occurs when checks or deposits are in the process of clearing.
2. There are two main types of float - negative float from uncollected receipts, and positive float from outstanding checks. Negative float is undesirable as it represents unavailable funds.
3. Managing float involves speeding up collection of receipts to reduce negative float through methods like lockboxes, and delaying payments to benefit from positive float through controlled disbursement accounts.
Management of interest rate risk
This document discusses the management of interest rate risk in banks. It defines interest rate risk and explains the main sources of this risk for banks, including re-pricing risk, basis risk, embedded option risk, and yield curve risk. The document then discusses tools for analyzing and measuring interest rate risk, such as gap analysis, simulation models, and rate shift scenarios. Managing interest rate risk is important for banks since their main source of profit relies on the difference between the interest rates paid on liabilities and earned on assets.
Cash management- Need, Motives, Models of Cash Management, Boumol Model, Mill...
Cash management involves determining the optimal level of cash a business should hold. Several factors influence cash levels, including the nature of the business, credit terms, and economic conditions. Two common models for determining optimal cash levels are the Boumol and Miller-Orr models, which aim to minimize holding and transaction costs. Effective cash forecasting and collection techniques, like cash budgets and lockbox systems, also help businesses manage cash flows and working capital requirements.
Measurement of Risk and Calculation of Portfolio Risk
This document discusses measuring risk and calculating portfolio risk. It defines risk as the probability of loss and explains that higher investment means higher risk but also higher potential return. It then discusses measuring the risk of individual assets using variance and standard deviation calculated from the asset's probability distribution of returns. The document also explains how to calculate the expected return, variance and standard deviation of a portfolio by taking the weighted average of the individual assets. Diversifying a portfolio can reduce overall risk since the returns on different assets may not move in the same direction.
Chapter 14
This document discusses multinational capital budgeting. It begins by defining capital budgeting and how it involves allocating resources to maximize returns. For multinational firms, this includes projects located beyond national boundaries. The objectives are then outlined as comparing subsidiary and parent perspectives, demonstrating how to evaluate international projects, and assessing risk. Key considerations for multinational capital budgeting are also reviewed such as exchange rate fluctuations, inflation, financing arrangements, blocked funds, salvage values, competition, government incentives, and real options. Methods for adjusting project assessments for risk are also described.
1st Unit: Financial Engineering
Financial engineering involves designing innovative financial instruments and processes to solve problems in finance. It applies theoretical finance and modeling to make pricing, hedging, and portfolio management decisions. Financial engineers bundle and unbundle securities to maximize profits using various assets. They are prepared for careers in areas like money and banking, corporate finance, investments, and financial markets.
Bank Funds & Liquidity Management
This document discusses bank funds and liquidity management. It defines key concepts like funds, sources of funds, liquidity, types of liquidity, liquidity risk, and principles of liquidity management. It also outlines the regulatory initiatives for funds management in Bangladesh and emphasizes the importance of adequate liquidity for banks to ensure sustainability. Maintaining proper balance between assets and liabilities is recommended for effective liquidity management.
Swaps
A swap is an agreement between two counterparties to exchange cash flow streams, such as interest payments or currencies. The main types of swaps discussed are interest rate swaps, currency swaps, and forex swaps. An interest rate swap involves exchanging interest payments, such as a fixed rate for a floating rate. A currency swap exchanges principal and interest payments in different currencies. A forex swap is an agreement to buy one currency now and sell it back in the future at an agreed upon exchange rate.
Camels Rating
The CAMELS rating system is used by US regulators to evaluate the overall condition of banks based on their Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management, Earnings, Liquidity, and Sensitivity to market risk. It rates banks on a scale of 1 to 5 based on an analysis of their financial statements and on-site examinations, with 1 being the strongest. The ratings are used to determine a bank's stability and identify weaknesses as well as allocate supervisory resources.
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Working capital refers to the capital required for financing short-term assets such as cash, inventory, and accounts receivable. It is also known as revolving or circulating capital. There are different types of working capital like gross working capital, net working capital, permanent working capital, and temporary working capital. Management of working capital involves maintaining optimal levels of current assets and current liabilities to ensure sufficient liquidity and an efficient balance between risk and profitability.
Cash management
This document discusses cash management and the objectives, motives, and basic problems of holding cash for businesses. It notes that there are three main reasons firms hold cash: to meet daily transaction needs, protect against uncertainties, and take advantage of opportunities. The objectives of cash management are to meet cash disbursements while minimizing idle cash balances. Firms must control cash inflows and outflows, determine optimal cash levels through cash budgeting, and invest any surplus cash. The key motives for holding cash are transactional needs, precautionary needs to address contingencies, and speculative opportunities.
Payments and transaction processing systems - Global and Indian Overview
This document provides an overview of global and Indian payment and transaction processing systems. It discusses the global regulatory framework established by the Bank for International Settlements and the regulatory framework in India established by the Reserve Bank of India. It describes how banks transact with each other using real-time gross settlement systems like RTGS and net settlement systems like NEFT. It also outlines how customers transact through conventional and electronic modes like mobile banking. Specialized companies operating in various areas of the industry are discussed as well as the market share and critical success factors of different payment modes. Risks to payment systems are also addressed.
Introduction to Exchange Rate Mechanism, Spot- Forward Rate, Exchange Arithme...
Introduction to Exchange Rate Mechanism: Spot- Forward Rate, Exchange Arithmetic. -- Deriving the Actual Exchange Rate: Forwards, Swaps, Futures and Options. Guarantees in Trade: Performance, Bid Bond etc.
Receivable management presentation1
This document discusses receivables management. It begins by defining receivables as sales made on credit that represent amounts owed to a firm from customers. Effective receivables management involves establishing credit policies, evaluating customer creditworthiness, and controlling receivables. The objectives are to maximize return on investment in receivables while allowing sufficient sales growth. Key aspects covered include granting credit, costs of receivables management, collection methods, and analysis of receivables aging and customer importance.
Investment Vs Speculation , Gambling and Arbitrage
This document discusses the differences between investment, speculation, gambling, and arbitrage. Investment is characterized as having a long time horizon of over 12 months, limited risk, stable income from enterprise earnings, and cautious investors using their own funds. Speculation has a short time horizon under 12 months, high risk, uncertain income from price changes, and aggressive investors using both own and borrowed funds. Gambling involves risk for the sake of risk with no investment view. Arbitrage earns risk-free profits from temporary price differences in efficient markets.
Receivables Management
Receivables are sales made on credit. Managing receivables effectively requires establishing credit policies, evaluating customers, monitoring receivables aging, using collection methods like lockboxes and factoring, and controlling receivables through metrics like days sales outstanding and ABC analysis. Factoring allows firms to arrange receivables by having a third party collect payment and assume credit risk in exchange for an upfront payment.
Financing of Current Asset
A current asset is either cash or an asset (e.g. stock) that can be converted into cash within a year and is often used to pay off current liabilities.
Current assets typically include categories such as cash, marketable securities, short-term investments, accounts receivable , prepaid expenses, and inventory.
Approaches to Financing Current Assets.
Instruments in raising finance.
advantages and disadvantages of trade credit.
inter Corporate Deposits , etc.
Multiple channels in banking
This document discusses multiple channel delivery options for self-employed professionals' banking needs. It outlines traditional banking methods like visiting branches for deposits, withdrawals, payments and account checks. Newer electronic options like ECS, NEFT, RTGS, mobile banking, ATMs, POS terminals and internet banking allow professionals to manage finances remotely. A multi-channel banking system should be convenient, affordable and accessible anytime to provide a unified view of customers' accounts across different relationships and channels.
National payment system architecture
National Payment System Architecture
This document discusses India's national payment system architecture. It defines payment systems and describes various payment instruments and infrastructure components like transaction, clearing and settlement systems. It explains processes like cheque clearing and electronic funds transfer. The key objectives of the national payment system are establishing safe, secure, sound and efficient systems. Recent initiatives include expanding electronic payment coverage and introducing innovations like real-time gross settlement, cheque truncation and the national financial switch to improve efficiency.
More Related Content
What's hot
CASH MANAGEMENT
CASH MANAGEMENT
-Cash Management & Marketable securities
-Motives for holding cash
-Objectives of cash management
-Factors determining cash needs
-Cash Budget:Management tool
-Elements for preparation of cash budget
-Cash Management Strategies
-Cash Management techniques/processes
-(examples also)
CASH MANAGEMENT
This document discusses cash management for business organizations. It covers controlling cash levels, controlling cash inflows and outflows, and optimally investing excess cash. Tools for cash planning include net cash forecasts and cash budgets. Cash budgets in particular are important for evaluating financial performance, setting dividend policies, and planning by indicating cash surpluses or deficiencies. Controlling cash outflows is also discussed. Overall the document provides an overview of key aspects of effective cash management for organizations.
Treasury Management
This document provides an overview of treasury management in banks. It discusses key topics such as:
- The role and objectives of the treasury department in managing a bank's funds, liquidity, investments, and risks.
- The organizational structure of treasury operations, including the front office, mid office, and back office functions.
- Responsibilities of the treasury like cash forecasting, investment management, risk management, and maintaining regulatory reserves.
- The treasurer's duties in areas like financial oversight, funding, financial reporting, and controlling assets.
Cash float
1. Float refers to the difference between a firm's cash balance in its records and its bank balance, which occurs when checks or deposits are in the process of clearing.
2. There are two main types of float - negative float from uncollected receipts, and positive float from outstanding checks. Negative float is undesirable as it represents unavailable funds.
3. Managing float involves speeding up collection of receipts to reduce negative float through methods like lockboxes, and delaying payments to benefit from positive float through controlled disbursement accounts.
Management of interest rate risk
This document discusses the management of interest rate risk in banks. It defines interest rate risk and explains the main sources of this risk for banks, including re-pricing risk, basis risk, embedded option risk, and yield curve risk. The document then discusses tools for analyzing and measuring interest rate risk, such as gap analysis, simulation models, and rate shift scenarios. Managing interest rate risk is important for banks since their main source of profit relies on the difference between the interest rates paid on liabilities and earned on assets.
Cash management- Need, Motives, Models of Cash Management, Boumol Model, Mill...
Cash management involves determining the optimal level of cash a business should hold. Several factors influence cash levels, including the nature of the business, credit terms, and economic conditions. Two common models for determining optimal cash levels are the Boumol and Miller-Orr models, which aim to minimize holding and transaction costs. Effective cash forecasting and collection techniques, like cash budgets and lockbox systems, also help businesses manage cash flows and working capital requirements.
Measurement of Risk and Calculation of Portfolio Risk
This document discusses measuring risk and calculating portfolio risk. It defines risk as the probability of loss and explains that higher investment means higher risk but also higher potential return. It then discusses measuring the risk of individual assets using variance and standard deviation calculated from the asset's probability distribution of returns. The document also explains how to calculate the expected return, variance and standard deviation of a portfolio by taking the weighted average of the individual assets. Diversifying a portfolio can reduce overall risk since the returns on different assets may not move in the same direction.
Chapter 14
This document discusses multinational capital budgeting. It begins by defining capital budgeting and how it involves allocating resources to maximize returns. For multinational firms, this includes projects located beyond national boundaries. The objectives are then outlined as comparing subsidiary and parent perspectives, demonstrating how to evaluate international projects, and assessing risk. Key considerations for multinational capital budgeting are also reviewed such as exchange rate fluctuations, inflation, financing arrangements, blocked funds, salvage values, competition, government incentives, and real options. Methods for adjusting project assessments for risk are also described.
1st Unit: Financial Engineering
Financial engineering involves designing innovative financial instruments and processes to solve problems in finance. It applies theoretical finance and modeling to make pricing, hedging, and portfolio management decisions. Financial engineers bundle and unbundle securities to maximize profits using various assets. They are prepared for careers in areas like money and banking, corporate finance, investments, and financial markets.
Bank Funds & Liquidity Management
This document discusses bank funds and liquidity management. It defines key concepts like funds, sources of funds, liquidity, types of liquidity, liquidity risk, and principles of liquidity management. It also outlines the regulatory initiatives for funds management in Bangladesh and emphasizes the importance of adequate liquidity for banks to ensure sustainability. Maintaining proper balance between assets and liabilities is recommended for effective liquidity management.
Swaps
A swap is an agreement between two counterparties to exchange cash flow streams, such as interest payments or currencies. The main types of swaps discussed are interest rate swaps, currency swaps, and forex swaps. An interest rate swap involves exchanging interest payments, such as a fixed rate for a floating rate. A currency swap exchanges principal and interest payments in different currencies. A forex swap is an agreement to buy one currency now and sell it back in the future at an agreed upon exchange rate.
Camels Rating
The CAMELS rating system is used by US regulators to evaluate the overall condition of banks based on their Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management, Earnings, Liquidity, and Sensitivity to market risk. It rates banks on a scale of 1 to 5 based on an analysis of their financial statements and on-site examinations, with 1 being the strongest. The ratings are used to determine a bank's stability and identify weaknesses as well as allocate supervisory resources.
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Working capital refers to the capital required for financing short-term assets such as cash, inventory, and accounts receivable. It is also known as revolving or circulating capital. There are different types of working capital like gross working capital, net working capital, permanent working capital, and temporary working capital. Management of working capital involves maintaining optimal levels of current assets and current liabilities to ensure sufficient liquidity and an efficient balance between risk and profitability.
Cash management
This document discusses cash management and the objectives, motives, and basic problems of holding cash for businesses. It notes that there are three main reasons firms hold cash: to meet daily transaction needs, protect against uncertainties, and take advantage of opportunities. The objectives of cash management are to meet cash disbursements while minimizing idle cash balances. Firms must control cash inflows and outflows, determine optimal cash levels through cash budgeting, and invest any surplus cash. The key motives for holding cash are transactional needs, precautionary needs to address contingencies, and speculative opportunities.
Payments and transaction processing systems - Global and Indian Overview
This document provides an overview of global and Indian payment and transaction processing systems. It discusses the global regulatory framework established by the Bank for International Settlements and the regulatory framework in India established by the Reserve Bank of India. It describes how banks transact with each other using real-time gross settlement systems like RTGS and net settlement systems like NEFT. It also outlines how customers transact through conventional and electronic modes like mobile banking. Specialized companies operating in various areas of the industry are discussed as well as the market share and critical success factors of different payment modes. Risks to payment systems are also addressed.
Introduction to Exchange Rate Mechanism, Spot- Forward Rate, Exchange Arithme...
Introduction to Exchange Rate Mechanism: Spot- Forward Rate, Exchange Arithmetic. -- Deriving the Actual Exchange Rate: Forwards, Swaps, Futures and Options. Guarantees in Trade: Performance, Bid Bond etc.
Receivable management presentation1
This document discusses receivables management. It begins by defining receivables as sales made on credit that represent amounts owed to a firm from customers. Effective receivables management involves establishing credit policies, evaluating customer creditworthiness, and controlling receivables. The objectives are to maximize return on investment in receivables while allowing sufficient sales growth. Key aspects covered include granting credit, costs of receivables management, collection methods, and analysis of receivables aging and customer importance.
Investment Vs Speculation , Gambling and Arbitrage
This document discusses the differences between investment, speculation, gambling, and arbitrage. Investment is characterized as having a long time horizon of over 12 months, limited risk, stable income from enterprise earnings, and cautious investors using their own funds. Speculation has a short time horizon under 12 months, high risk, uncertain income from price changes, and aggressive investors using both own and borrowed funds. Gambling involves risk for the sake of risk with no investment view. Arbitrage earns risk-free profits from temporary price differences in efficient markets.
Receivables Management
Receivables are sales made on credit. Managing receivables effectively requires establishing credit policies, evaluating customers, monitoring receivables aging, using collection methods like lockboxes and factoring, and controlling receivables through metrics like days sales outstanding and ABC analysis. Factoring allows firms to arrange receivables by having a third party collect payment and assume credit risk in exchange for an upfront payment.
Financing of Current Asset
A current asset is either cash or an asset (e.g. stock) that can be converted into cash within a year and is often used to pay off current liabilities.
Current assets typically include categories such as cash, marketable securities, short-term investments, accounts receivable , prepaid expenses, and inventory.
Approaches to Financing Current Assets.
Instruments in raising finance.
advantages and disadvantages of trade credit.
inter Corporate Deposits , etc.
What's hot (20)
Cash management- Need, Motives, Models of Cash Management, Boumol Model, Mill...
Cash management- Need, Motives, Models of Cash Management, Boumol Model, Mill...
Measurement of Risk and Calculation of Portfolio Risk
Measurement of Risk and Calculation of Portfolio Risk
Payments and transaction processing systems - Global and Indian Overview
Payments and transaction processing systems - Global and Indian Overview
Introduction to Exchange Rate Mechanism, Spot- Forward Rate, Exchange Arithme...
Introduction to Exchange Rate Mechanism, Spot- Forward Rate, Exchange Arithme...
Investment Vs Speculation , Gambling and Arbitrage
Investment Vs Speculation , Gambling and Arbitrage
Similar to Cash concentration strategies
Multiple channels in banking
This document discusses multiple channel delivery options for self-employed professionals' banking needs. It outlines traditional banking methods like visiting branches for deposits, withdrawals, payments and account checks. Newer electronic options like ECS, NEFT, RTGS, mobile banking, ATMs, POS terminals and internet banking allow professionals to manage finances remotely. A multi-channel banking system should be convenient, affordable and accessible anytime to provide a unified view of customers' accounts across different relationships and channels.
National payment system architecture
National Payment System Architecture
This document discusses India's national payment system architecture. It defines payment systems and describes various payment instruments and infrastructure components like transaction, clearing and settlement systems. It explains processes like cheque clearing and electronic funds transfer. The key objectives of the national payment system are establishing safe, secure, sound and efficient systems. Recent initiatives include expanding electronic payment coverage and introducing innovations like real-time gross settlement, cheque truncation and the national financial switch to improve efficiency.
Payment Processing Principles.pptx
The document discusses various payment systems and methods of international money transfer. It describes traditional payment methods like cash, checks, credit cards and debit cards and their limitations. Electronic payment systems are presented as alternatives that offer benefits like speed, convenience and lower costs. Wire transfers and the Automated Clearing House network are two methods for sending money internationally discussed in the document. Both have advantages and disadvantages related to factors like processing time and fees.
Lecture 5 and 6.pptx
Cash is the most liquid asset and is needed to run business operations. The objectives of cash management are to determine the optimal cash level, maintain cash balances at the optimum, and invest surplus cash profitably. Cash includes coins, currency, deposits, and marketable securities. Cash is held for transactions, precautionary reasons like contingencies, speculation on price movements, and to compensate banks. Cash management involves controlling cash levels, inflows and outflows, and investing surplus cash. The cash budget forecasts receipts and payments to determine optimal cash levels. Collection and disbursement systems aim to speed receipts and slow payments. Surplus cash can be invested in marketable securities.
Cash and marketable securities @ bec doms ppt
The document discusses cash and marketable securities management. It covers motives for holding cash, speeding up cash receipts and slowing down cash payouts. It also discusses marketable securities investment, concentrating cash balances, and selecting securities for the ready cash, controllable cash and free cash segments of the marketable securities portfolio. The key topics are motives for holding cash, cash receipts and disbursements processes, and investment considerations for marketable securities.
Topic6 Electronic Payment Systems.pptx
Electronic payment systems have revolutionized business by reducing paperwork and transaction costs. Common electronic payment modes include credit cards, debit cards, smart cards, e-money, and electronic funds transfer. Credit cards allow customers to make purchases and pay the balance later, while debit cards deduct funds immediately from the linked bank account. Smart cards contain encrypted payment and personal information. E-money refers to online payments via payment cards or services like e-cash. The Automated Clearing House (ACH) network facilitates electronic funds transfers between bank accounts in the US.
Why Cash is Still King - Examining the Effectiveness of Alternate Delivery Ch...
Cash is still widely used for 60% of retail transactions globally despite the risks and costs of cash. The document examines case studies of countries that have made progress in becoming less reliant on cash, such as Kenya increasing use of M-Pesa mobile payments and debit cards, and Indonesia growing electronic wallets. Successful shifts to less cash require compelling uses of electronic payments, wide acceptance, a good user experience, and trust in the system. Financial institutions can promote cashless payments by simplifying access, accepting payments anywhere, educating customers and merchants, and leveraging new technologies.
Fmch19[1]
The document discusses cash and marketable securities management. It describes the motives for holding cash as transactions, precautionary, and speculative reasons. The objectives of cash management are to have enough cash on hand to meet needs while minimizing idle cash balances. Methods to manage cash inflows and outflows like lockboxes, preauthorized checks, and zero balance accounts are presented. The document also covers considerations and types of marketable securities that can be held, such as Treasury bills, federal agency securities, commercial paper, and money market mutual funds.
What are the different modes of fund transfer
The document discusses different modes of fund transfer that were covered in a finance management class. It outlines several common methods: (1) digital money transfers between bank accounts which allows sending funds instantly, (2) cheque transactions which can be deposited via drop boxes for convenience, (3) direct deposit of salaries electronically for ease and saving paper, and (4) plastic money like credit/debit cards and services like PayPal and Text Pay Me which have revolutionized money transfer. The student felt informed by the material from their assignment help and prepared to present the best presentation on the topic.
Pre-arrival webinar on banking and phones
This document provides an overview of banking and cell phones in Canada for international students. It discusses the differences between banks and credit unions, the types of bank accounts available and their purposes. It also covers transaction fees, debit and credit cards, and how to set up a bank account. For cell phones, it outlines contract vs no-contract plans, available provider and pricing options, factors to consider when choosing a plan, and questions to ask phone providers.
Chapter 10 - Monetary Policy.pptx
The document discusses the role of central banks in monetary policy and money supply. It covers:
1) Central banks use monetary policy to regulate money supply and achieve price stability and currency trust. They influence short-term and long-term monetary systems.
2) Money supply is determined by bank lending and impacts income through the money multiplier. The central bank, government, foreign flows, taxes, and budget also influence supply.
3) The central bank aims to maintain monetary and financial stability for balanced economic growth. It preserves trust in the currency and is the sole money printer. It uses tools like reserve requirements, rediscounting, open market operations and selective control to implement monetary policy.
Rtgs minor 1
This document discusses Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) systems. It begins with background on RTGS, including that the first system was launched in the US in 1970. It then defines RTGS as a funds transfer mechanism that allows for real-time money transfers between banks on a gross basis, without aggregation. The document outlines why RTGS is used, how payments are made through RTGS including required information, how the settlement process works, key features of RTGS transactions, and concludes with references.
4. supply & demand of money
This document discusses the concepts of money supply and demand for money. It defines money supply as the total amount of currency, coins, and demand deposits in circulation in an economy at a given time. The document outlines the traditional and modern approaches to defining money supply and discusses factors that determine money supply such as monetary policy, cash reserve ratios, and government budgets. It also explains Keynes' approach to demand for money, which includes transaction, precautionary, and speculative motives that influence the amount of money people desire to hold.
Maximize your collections
This document provides guidance on effective credit management strategies. It outlines key steps like establishing clear credit policies, checking references for new customers, extending credit judiciously by setting limits, and following up promptly on past due accounts. The objectives of credit management are to minimize risks, eliminate bad debt, and collect money owed by being fair but also enforcing policies. When customers are late on payments, the document advises referring to the credit policy, making collection calls, and potentially revoking their credit if needed. Resources for free credit applications and information on debt collection laws are also referenced.
Methods of accelerating cash inflow PPT
(i) Concentration banking, lock-box systems, and pre-authorized payment systems are three methods to accelerate cash inflows.
(ii) Concentration banking involves establishing local collection centers and bank accounts to speed up deposits. Lock-box systems use post office boxes for customers to mail payments directly to local banks for faster deposit.
(iii) Pre-authorized payment systems allow payees to directly withdraw funds from payers' bank accounts according to a pre-arranged agreement, improving cash flow and control for organizations while providing convenience for customers.
Similar to Cash concentration strategies (15)
Why Cash is Still King - Examining the Effectiveness of Alternate Delivery Ch...
Why Cash is Still King - Examining the Effectiveness of Alternate Delivery Ch...
Recently uploaded
BONKMILLON Unleashes Its Bonkers Potential on Solana.pdf
Introducing BONKMILLON - The Most Bonkers Meme Coin Yet
Let's be real for a second – the world of meme coins can feel like a bit of a circus at times. Every other day, there's a new token promising to take you "to the moon" or offering some groundbreaking utility that'll change the game forever. But how many of them actually deliver on that hype?
一比一原版(UCL毕业证)伦敦大学|学院毕业证如何办理
UCL硕士学位证成绩单【微信95270640】《如何办理伦敦大学|学院毕业证认证》【办证Q微信95270640】《伦敦大学|学院文凭毕业证制作》《UCL学历学位证书哪里买》办理伦敦大学|学院学位证书扫描件、办理伦敦大学|学院雅思证书！
国际留学归国服务中心《如何办伦敦大学|学院毕业证认证》《UCL学位证书扫描件哪里买》实体公司，注册经营，行业标杆，精益求精！
专业为留学生办理伦敦大学|学院伦敦大学|学院毕业证offer【100%存档可查】留学全套申请材料办理。本公司承诺所有毕业证成绩单成品全部按照学校原版工艺对照一比一制作和学校一样的羊皮纸张保证您证书的质量！
如果你回国在学历认证方面有以下难题请联系我们我们将竭诚为你解决认证瓶颈
1所有材料真实但资料不全无法提供完全齐整的原件。【如：成绩单丶毕业证丶回国证明等材料中有遗失的。】
2获得真实的国外最终学历学位但国外本科学历就读经历存在问题或缺陷。【如：国外本科是教育部不承认的或者是联合办学项目教育部没有备案的或者外本科没有正常毕业的。】
3学分转移联合办学等情况复杂不知道怎么整理材料的。时间紧迫自己不清楚递交流程的。
如果你是以上情况之一请联系我们我们将在第一时间内给你免费咨询相关信息。我们将帮助你整理认证所需的各种材料.帮你解决国外学历认证难题。
国外伦敦大学|学院伦敦大学|学院毕业证offer办理方法：
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询伦敦大学|学院伦敦大学|学院毕业证offer）；
2开始安排制作伦敦大学|学院毕业证成绩单电子图；
3伦敦大学|学院毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4伦敦大学|学院毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5伦敦大学|学院成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。吃吃地笑山娃很精神越逛越起劲父亲却越逛越疲倦望着父亲呵欠连天的样子山娃也说困了累了回家吧小屋闷罐一般头顶上的三叶扇彻夜呜呜作响搅得满屋热气腾腾也搅得山娃心烦意乱父亲一上床就呼呼大睡山娃却辗转反侧睡不着山娃一次又一次摸索着爬起来一遍又一遍地用暖乎乎的冷水擦身往水泥地板上一勺一勺的洒水也不知过了多久山娃竟迷迷糊糊地睡着了迷迷糊糊地又闻到了闹钟刺耳的铃声和哐咣的关门声待山娃醒来时父亲早已上班去了床头总们
An Overview of the Prosocial dHEDGE Vault works
How the prosocial dHEDGE earns you money while saving the world!
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...
Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...Labour Market Information Council | Conseil de l’information sur le marché du travail
OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.快速制作美国迈阿密大学牛津分校毕业证文凭证书英文原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国迈阿密大学牛津分校毕业证文凭证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
The Impact of GST Payments on Loan Approvals
Understanding how timely GST payments influence a lender's decision to approve loans, this topic explores the correlation between GST compliance and creditworthiness. It highlights how consistent GST payments can enhance a business's financial credibility, potentially leading to higher chances of loan approval.
Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...Labour Market Information Council | Conseil de l’information sur le marché du travail
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.一比一原版(UoB毕业证)伯明翰大学毕业证如何办理
UoB本科学位证成绩单【微信95270640】伯明翰大学没毕业>办理伯明翰大学毕业证成绩单【微信UoB】UoB毕业证成绩单UoB学历证书UoB文凭《UoB毕业套号文凭网认证伯明翰大学毕业证成绩单》《哪里买伯明翰大学毕业证文凭UoB成绩学校快递邮寄信封》《开版伯明翰大学文凭》UoB留信认证本科硕士学历认证
如果您是以下情况，我们都能竭诚为您解决实际问题：【公司采用定金+余款的付款流程，以最大化保障您的利益，让您放心无忧】
1、在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业，拿不到官方毕业证+微信95270640
2、面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到伯明翰大学伯明翰大学硕士毕业证成绩单；
3、不清楚流程以及材料该如何准备伯明翰大学伯明翰大学硕士毕业证成绩单；
4、回国时间很长，忘记办理；
5、回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
6、企事业单位必须要求办理的；
面向美国乔治城大学毕业留学生提供以下服务:
【★伯明翰大学伯明翰大学硕士毕业证成绩单毕业证、成绩单等全套材料，从防伪到印刷，从水印到钢印烫金，与学校100%相同】
【★真实使馆认证（留学人员回国证明），使馆存档可通过大使馆查询确认】
【★真实教育部认证，教育部存档，教育部留服网站可查】
【★真实留信认证，留信网入库存档，可查伯明翰大学伯明翰大学硕士毕业证成绩单】
我们从事工作十余年的有着丰富经验的业务顾问，熟悉海外各国大学的学制及教育体系，并且以挂科生解决毕业材料不全问题为基础，为客户量身定制1对1方案，未能毕业的回国留学生成功搭建回国顺利发展所需的桥梁。我们一直努力以高品质的教育为起点，以诚信、专业、高效、创新作为一切的行动宗旨，始终把“诚信为主、质量为本、客户第一”作为我们全部工作的出发点和归宿点。同时为海内外留学生提供大学毕业证购买、补办成绩单及各类分数修改等服务；归国认证方面，提供《留信网入库》申请、《国外学历学位认证》申请以及真实学籍办理等服务，帮助众多莘莘学子实现了一个又一个梦想。
专业服务，请勿犹豫联系我
如果您真实毕业回国，对于学历认证无从下手，请联系我，我们免费帮您递交
诚招代理：本公司诚聘当地代理人员，如果你有业余时间，或者你有同学朋友需要，有兴趣就请联系我
你赢我赢，共创双赢
你做代理，可以帮助伯明翰大学同学朋友
你做代理，可以拯救伯明翰大学失足青年
你做代理，可以挽救伯明翰大学一个个人才
你做代理，你将是别人人生伯明翰大学的转折点
你做代理，可以改变自己，改变他人，给他人和自己一个机会大块就啃啃得满嘴满脸猴屁股般的红艳大家一个劲地指着对方吃吃地笑瓜裂得古怪奇形怪状却丝毫不影响瓜味甜丝丝的满嘴生津遍地都是瓜横七竖八的活像掷满了一地的大石块摘走二三只爷爷是断然发现不了的即便发现爷爷也不恼反而教山娃辨认孰熟孰嫩孰甜孰淡名义上是护瓜往往在瓜棚里坐上一刻饱吃一顿后山娃就领着阿黑漫山遍野地跑阿黑是一条黑色的大猎狗挺机灵的是山娃多年的忠实伙伴平时山娃上学阿黑也摇头晃脑地跟去暑假用不着上学阿钩
快速办理(SMU毕业证书)南卫理公会大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(SMU毕业证书)南卫理公会大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.一比一原版(GWU,GW毕业证)加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校毕业证如何办理
GWU,GW毕业证录取书【微信95270640】一比一伪造加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校文凭@假冒GWU,GW毕业证成绩单+Q微信95270640办理GWU,GW学位证书@仿造GWU,GW毕业文凭证书@购买加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校毕业证成绩单GWU,GW真实使馆认证/真实留信认证回国人员证明
全套服务：加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校毕业证成绩单真实回国人员证明 #真实教育部认证。让您回国发展信心十足#铸就十年品质！信誉！实体公司！可以视频看办公环境样板如需办理真实可查可以先到公司面谈勿轻信小中介黑作坊！
可以提供加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校钢印 #水印 #烫金 #激光防伪 #凹凸版 #最新版的毕业证 #百分之百让您绝对满意
印刷DHL快递毕业证 #成绩单7个工作日真实大使馆教育部认证1个月。为了达到高水准高效率
请您先以qq或微信的方式对我们的服务进行了解后如果有加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校毕业证成绩单帮助再进行电话咨询。
国外毕业证学位证成绩单如何办理：
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。口水苦涩无比山娃一边游泳一边念念不忘那元门票尤令山娃气愤的是泳池老板居然硬让父亲买了一大一小二条巴掌般大的裤衩衩走出泳池山娃感觉透身粘粘乎乎散发着药水味有点痒山娃顿时留恋起家乡的小河潺潺活水清凉无比日子就这样孤寂而快乐地过着寂寞之余山娃最神往最开心就是晚上无论多晚多累父亲总要携山娃出去兜风逛夜市流光溢彩人潮涌动的都市夜生活总让山娃目不暇接惊叹不已父亲老问山娃想买什么想吃什么山娃知道父亲赚钱很辛苦在
Tdasx: In-Depth Analysis of Cryptocurrency Giveaway Scams and Security Strate...
Tdasx: In-Depth Analysis of Cryptocurrency Giveaway Scams and Security Strategies
Using Online job postings and survey data to understand labour market trends
Using Online job postings and survey data to understand labour market trendsLabour Market Information Council | Conseil de l’information sur le marché du travail
[4:55 p.m.] Bryan Oates
OJPs are becoming a critical resource for policy-makers and researchers who study the labour market. LMIC continues to work with Vicinity Jobs’ data on OJPs, which can be explored in our Canadian Job Trends Dashboard. Valuable insights have been gained through our analysis of OJP data, including LMIC research lead
Suzanne Spiteri’s recent report on improving the quality and accessibility of job postings to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Decoding job postings: Improving accessibility for neurodivergent job seekers
Improving the quality and accessibility of job postings is one way to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.1：1制作加拿大麦吉尔大学毕业证硕士学历证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【加拿大麦吉尔大学毕业证硕士学历证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit Ratings
CRISIL evaluates lenders in India by analyzing financial performance, loan portfolio quality, risk management practices, capital adequacy, market position, and adherence to regulatory requirements. This comprehensive assessment ensures a thorough evaluation of creditworthiness and financial strength. Each criterion is meticulously examined to provide credible and reliable ratings.
Recently uploaded (20)
BONKMILLON Unleashes Its Bonkers Potential on Solana.pdf
BONKMILLON Unleashes Its Bonkers Potential on Solana.pdf
Applying the Global Internal Audit Standards_AIS.pdf
Applying the Global Internal Audit Standards_AIS.pdf
Tumelo-deep-dive-into-pass-through-voting-Feb23 (1).pdf
Tumelo-deep-dive-into-pass-through-voting-Feb23 (1).pdf
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...
Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...
Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...
Tdasx: In-Depth Analysis of Cryptocurrency Giveaway Scams and Security Strate...
Tdasx: In-Depth Analysis of Cryptocurrency Giveaway Scams and Security Strate...
Using Online job postings and survey data to understand labour market trends
Using Online job postings and survey data to understand labour market trends
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit Ratings
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit Ratings
Cash concentration strategies
- 1. Cash Concentration Strategies Topic of discussion •Definition of Cash concentration •Concentration banks •Concentration mechanism •Frequency of transfer PowerPoint Presentation By : Md. Sifat Hasan Studying Finance And Banking, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University. Information Collected From: Modern Working Capital Management, Frederick C. Scherr)
- 2. What is cash concentration ? The process of controlling funds is called cash concentration.
- 3. Concentration banks •Depository or lockbox banks •Regional concentration banks •Central concentration banks
- 4. Depository or lockbox banks A system, from where a regional bank collects payments on behalf of a company
- 5. Regional concentration banks A bank that concentrate payments in a limited areas of the country.
- 6. Central banks A bank where all the concentrate payments are finally stored.
- 7. Concentration mechanism •Depository transfer cheque •Automated Clearing House(ach) electronic transfer •Wife transfer
- 8. Depository transfer cheque •Instruct one bank to send funds to another bank by old cheque method •Cost: less than $1 •Availability: one or two days
- 9. ACH electronic transfer •It is an electronic version of transferring calque •Cost: less than $5 •Availability: 1 days
- 10. Wire transfer •This instant electronic message system between banks •Cost: $ 10 •Availability: same day
- 11. Frequency of transfer •Schedule of transfer •Trigger transfer •Anticipated transfer
- 12. Schedule transfer The firm decides on a predetermined time pattern of transfers from the depository bank to the concentrate bank. •Advantage : transfer system is very simple. •Disadvantage: uneconomically small amount of fund may be made
- 13. Trigger point transfer •Avoid the transfer of small amount by basing the transfer decision on account balance rather than on timing.
- 14. Anticipated transfer It is the method of decreasing the float within the transfer process. In this method the transfer are launched based on anticipated balance on the depository bank.
- 15. The end