Case study
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Case studies are a qualitative research method used to systematically investigate individuals, groups, events or phenomena within their real-life context. They provide detailed descriptions and seek to explain phenomena. Case studies can be single or multiple cases and are used for exploratory, explanatory or descriptive purposes. They involve gathering data from multiple sources like documents, interviews and observations. Analysis involves techniques like pattern matching and explanation building to understand the case. While time-consuming and not generalizable, case studies provide an in-depth understanding of the topic under study.
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Unit i
The document discusses business research methods and provides details on:
1) The objectives of research including gaining familiarity with phenomena and analyzing frequency.
2) The differences between research methods, which are techniques, and methodology, which is the scientific process.
3) The main types of research including descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative, and conceptual vs empirical.
4) The steps in the research process from formulating the problem to preparing a report.
Educational Resarch I, Primer Bim
This document provides an overview and guide for an educational research course. It includes introductions to key concepts like the scientific method, types of research designs, and steps for conducting research projects. Specifically, it outlines the course objectives, covers topics like the nature of science and basic/applied research, describes common research methodologies like descriptive, experimental and historical approaches, and provides assignments for students to complete over the course term.
Introductionresearchmethodology 1
The document discusses research methodology and different aspects of conducting research. It defines what research is, as well as what it is not. It outlines the benefits of research for graduate students, future practitioners, and educated citizens. It also discusses key aspects of research such as stating the research problem, developing hypotheses, conducting a literature review, identifying assumptions and limitations. Different research methodologies such as quantitative and qualitative approaches are compared. Common empirical research methods like experiments, surveys, case studies, and discourse analysis are also outlined.
Research methodology
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines research and discusses its key characteristics including being systematic, empirical, and objective. It also covers different types of research such as pure vs applied research, and quantitative vs qualitative approaches. Additionally, it outlines the typical steps in the research process from formulating the problem to analyzing data and reporting results. The document serves as a useful introduction to research methodology concepts.
Types of Research
There are two types of research in terms of the nature and purpose of the study, namely, (1) basic or fundamental research and (2) applied research.
Basic and applied research are further divided into three types of research in terms of methods, namely, 1) quantitative research, 2) qualitative research, and 3) mixed research method.
Types of research
The document discusses various types of research including descriptive research, which describes characteristics without determining causes, and analytical research, which evaluates facts and information. It also discusses applied research which aims to solve immediate problems, and basic research which improves scientific understanding without specific applications. Additional types discussed are quantitative research using measurement, qualitative research investigating human behavior, conceptual research developing new ideas, empirical research using observation, and historical research studying past events.
What is Research
Research is defined as a systematic, methodical process of investigation leading to new discoveries. It involves collecting empirical data through observation and analysis in order to increase understanding of a topic. Research aims to be logical, analytical, and reproducible to allow others to confirm findings. It serves purposes like exploration, description, and evaluation. Research ethics require honesty, objectivity, integrity, and respect for colleagues, intellectual property, and human/animal subjects.
Role of research in advancement of science
Research is a systematic process of investigation that seeks to expand knowledge. It involves gathering original data or analyzing existing sources to answer questions, develop theories, and solve problems. Proper research is essential for advancing academic fields and addressing real-world issues through primary and secondary research that can be exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, or predictive in nature. The ultimate goal of any research is to find answers to the questions or problems being investigated.
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Unit i
The document discusses business research methods and provides details on:
1) The objectives of research including gaining familiarity with phenomena and analyzing frequency.
2) The differences between research methods, which are techniques, and methodology, which is the scientific process.
3) The main types of research including descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative, and conceptual vs empirical.
4) The steps in the research process from formulating the problem to preparing a report.
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This document provides an overview and guide for an educational research course. It includes introductions to key concepts like the scientific method, types of research designs, and steps for conducting research projects. Specifically, it outlines the course objectives, covers topics like the nature of science and basic/applied research, describes common research methodologies like descriptive, experimental and historical approaches, and provides assignments for students to complete over the course term.
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This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines research and discusses its key characteristics including being systematic, empirical, and objective. It also covers different types of research such as pure vs applied research, and quantitative vs qualitative approaches. Additionally, it outlines the typical steps in the research process from formulating the problem to analyzing data and reporting results. The document serves as a useful introduction to research methodology concepts.
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There are two types of research in terms of the nature and purpose of the study, namely, (1) basic or fundamental research and (2) applied research.
Basic and applied research are further divided into three types of research in terms of methods, namely, 1) quantitative research, 2) qualitative research, and 3) mixed research method.
Types of research
The document discusses various types of research including descriptive research, which describes characteristics without determining causes, and analytical research, which evaluates facts and information. It also discusses applied research which aims to solve immediate problems, and basic research which improves scientific understanding without specific applications. Additional types discussed are quantitative research using measurement, qualitative research investigating human behavior, conceptual research developing new ideas, empirical research using observation, and historical research studying past events.
What is Research
Research is defined as a systematic, methodical process of investigation leading to new discoveries. It involves collecting empirical data through observation and analysis in order to increase understanding of a topic. Research aims to be logical, analytical, and reproducible to allow others to confirm findings. It serves purposes like exploration, description, and evaluation. Research ethics require honesty, objectivity, integrity, and respect for colleagues, intellectual property, and human/animal subjects.
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Research is a systematic process of investigation that seeks to expand knowledge. It involves gathering original data or analyzing existing sources to answer questions, develop theories, and solve problems. Proper research is essential for advancing academic fields and addressing real-world issues through primary and secondary research that can be exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, or predictive in nature. The ultimate goal of any research is to find answers to the questions or problems being investigated.
Lesson 1 practical research 1
Inquiry is the process of asking questions to gain knowledge or information about people, places, things or events. It involves investigating a topic by collecting and examining data, and using different thinking strategies like inferring, critiquing and creating. Research is a scientific way to discover truths about a chosen topic by inquiry. Benefits of inquiry-based learning include improving student learning abilities, widening vocabulary, facilitating problem-solving, encouraging higher-order thinking skills and hastening conceptual understanding.
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This document defines and provides examples of different types of research:
- Basic research is driven by curiosity to expand knowledge without a specific commercial application. Applied research seeks practical solutions to problems.
- Experimental and correlational research test hypotheses by establishing variable relationships, with experimental research also determining causation.
- Exploratory research helps define unclear problems by informally reviewing literature or discussing with consumers.
- Historical research examines past events and solutions to provide perspective on current issues.
- Qualitative research investigates human behavior and decision-making through methods like beliefs and symbols rather than quantitative data.
- Quantitative research develops mathematical models and theories about phenomena through statistical analysis.
Research types
This document outlines different types of research categorized by inquiry, purpose, and method. There are two main types of inquiry: rationalistic, which begins with a theory and uses instruments to test relationships between variables, and naturalistic, which studies individuals' perceptions to understand behavior. Research can also be basic/fundamental, applied/action-oriented, or developmental. Methodologically, research can be qualitative (e.g. case studies, ethnography) or quantitative (e.g. surveys, experiments) and can examine populations descriptively, comparatively, or experimentally.
Types of research
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This document outlines the key aspects of research including: defining research as a systematic process of investigating a problem through collecting data to answer a question; describing the main types of research such as fundamental, quantitative, applied, and qualitative; and explaining the common steps of research such as formulating the problem, developing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting results. The overall goal of research is to increase knowledge and understanding of a topic.
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govind ppt ppt
this is ppt of scientific , social and behavioral method of Research. this highlight all important task related to this. we can give my seminar by explaining it . Email id -govindkr456@gmail.com(for further detail)
Basic research
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This document discusses the importance of research in daily life. It explains that research is a formal process of problem solving and knowledge discovery that involves inquiry and multiple iterative stages. Research provides a foundation for advancing fields through testing and revising knowledge, and driving improvements across many aspects of life. Research is also important for gathering information, improving standards of living, increasing safety and understanding history, arts, society, and other fields like the economy, social sciences, environment, culture and health.
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Generally, research has to follow a certain structural process.
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This document outlines the agenda for a communication research methods course. It includes discussions of key topics like qualitative and quantitative research, evaluating academic sources, and the scientific research process. Students will learn about developing research questions, different ways of knowing, and how scientific communities work to establish knowledge. The course will also cover finding and reviewing primary research sources and developing ideas for potential research studies.
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Inquiry is the process of asking questions to gain knowledge or information about people, places, things or events. It involves investigating a topic by collecting and examining data, and using different thinking strategies like inferring, critiquing and creating. Research is a scientific way to discover truths about a chosen topic by inquiry. Benefits of inquiry-based learning include improving student learning abilities, widening vocabulary, facilitating problem-solving, encouraging higher-order thinking skills and hastening conceptual understanding.
Presentation1
The document discusses the key aspects of research including its definition, characteristics of good research, and the process of conducting research. Research is systematically collecting and analyzing information to increase understanding of a topic of interest or concern. It has a historical perspective, clear understanding of a topic, and aims to answer questions through a specific plan or procedure. Good research is unbiased, systematic, transparent, replicable, and clearly defines its scope, limitations, and adequately analyzes data. The typical steps of research are defining the problem, reviewing literature, forming a hypothesis, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, and reaching conclusions.
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Research and types of research
This document defines and provides examples of different types of research:
- Basic research is driven by curiosity to expand knowledge without a specific commercial application. Applied research seeks practical solutions to problems.
- Experimental and correlational research test hypotheses by establishing variable relationships, with experimental research also determining causation.
- Exploratory research helps define unclear problems by informally reviewing literature or discussing with consumers.
- Historical research examines past events and solutions to provide perspective on current issues.
- Qualitative research investigates human behavior and decision-making through methods like beliefs and symbols rather than quantitative data.
- Quantitative research develops mathematical models and theories about phenomena through statistical analysis.
Research types
This document outlines different types of research categorized by inquiry, purpose, and method. There are two main types of inquiry: rationalistic, which begins with a theory and uses instruments to test relationships between variables, and naturalistic, which studies individuals' perceptions to understand behavior. Research can also be basic/fundamental, applied/action-oriented, or developmental. Methodologically, research can be qualitative (e.g. case studies, ethnography) or quantitative (e.g. surveys, experiments) and can examine populations descriptively, comparatively, or experimentally.
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This document discusses different types of research methodologies. It describes the key differences between descriptive and analytical research, applied and fundamental research, qualitative and quantitative research, and conceptual and empirical research. Descriptive research involves surveys and fact-finding to describe current phenomena, while analytical research determines the validity of hypotheses through analysis. Applied research aims to solve practical problems, whereas fundamental research satisfies intellectual curiosity. Qualitative research is non-numerical while quantitative research relies on measurements and statistics. Conceptual research develops new ideas through reasoning, and empirical research is based on verifiable data from observation or experimentation.
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The document provides an overview of research methodology. It discusses different types of research including exploratory, descriptive, diagnostic, hypothesis testing, analytical, applied, fundamental, conceptual, and empirical research. It also outlines the objectives and significance of research studies. Finally, it describes the typical research process which involves defining the problem, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting and reporting results.
Introduction to research
This document outlines the key aspects of research including: defining research as a systematic process of investigating a problem through collecting data to answer a question; describing the main types of research such as fundamental, quantitative, applied, and qualitative; and explaining the common steps of research such as formulating the problem, developing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting results. The overall goal of research is to increase knowledge and understanding of a topic.
Other types of research
This document discusses various types of research. It begins by introducing common types like descriptive, analytical, applied, basic, quantitative, and qualitative research. It then explores additional types categorized by time (cross-sectional, longitudinal), environment (field, laboratory, simulation), purpose (clinical, exploratory, formalized, historical, conclusion-oriented, decision-oriented). Each type is briefly defined. The document concludes that research types are important across many fields for studying relationships and solving problems.
govind ppt ppt
this is ppt of scientific , social and behavioral method of Research. this highlight all important task related to this. we can give my seminar by explaining it . Email id -govindkr456@gmail.com(for further detail)
Basic research
Basic research is the search for fundamental knowledge and understanding without a specific commercial application or use in mind. It aims to increase scientific knowledge for its own sake. Some key aspects of basic research include that it is theoretical, builds new knowledge, explores fundamental principles without seeking to solve direct problems, and lays the foundation for applied research. The goal is to expand understanding of phenomena through studying questions like the origins of the universe or composition of subatomic particles, without necessarily creating something new.
CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH BY PURPOSE & METHOD
This document classifies research by purpose and method. For purpose, it discusses basic vs applied research, research and development, and evaluative research. For method, it discusses historical research which describes past conditions, descriptive research which describes present data and characteristics, and experimental research which manipulates variables to discern effects.
What is research lecture
Research is a systematic process of investigation to establish new facts or conclusions about a topic through a rigorous scientific approach. It aims to answer questions, solve problems, expand knowledge, or test theories. The purpose of research can be to review existing knowledge on a topic, investigate situations or problems, provide solutions, explore issues more broadly, construct new systems or procedures, explain new phenomena, or generate new knowledge. It involves formulating research questions and determining the best methods to answer them.
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This document discusses different types of research methodologies. It outlines eight basic types: descriptive, analytical, applied, fundamental, quantitative, qualitative, conceptual, and empirical. It then distinguishes between descriptive and analytical research, applied and fundamental research, quantitative and qualitative research, and conceptual and empirical research. Finally, it notes the differences between exploratory and conclusive research.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in research methods. It defines research as a systematic, objective inquiry undertaken to find answers to specific problems. The purposes of research are then outlined, including reviewing existing knowledge, investigating problems or situations, providing solutions, and generating new knowledge. Quantitative and qualitative approaches as well as deductive and inductive research are briefly described. Several research methodologies such as surveys, experiments, longitudinal studies, and case studies are then defined. The document concludes by outlining steps in the research process such as developing a research proposal, literature review, objectives, variables, conceptual framework, hypotheses, methods, and limitations.
Importance of research in daily life quali 1
This document discusses the importance of research in daily life. It explains that research is a formal process of problem solving and knowledge discovery that involves inquiry and multiple iterative stages. Research provides a foundation for advancing fields through testing and revising knowledge, and driving improvements across many aspects of life. Research is also important for gathering information, improving standards of living, increasing safety and understanding history, arts, society, and other fields like the economy, social sciences, environment, culture and health.
Types of Research
The document discusses various types of research including applied research, basic research, correlational research, descriptive research, ethnographic research, experimental research, and exploratory research. Applied research seeks practical solutions to problems, while basic research expands knowledge without a direct application. Correlational research examines relationships between variables without determining cause and effect. Descriptive research provides accurate portrayals of characteristics, and ethnographic research involves in-depth study of cultures. Experimental research establishes cause-and-effect through controlled manipulation of variables.
Nature of research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joy
Research is a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic.
Generally, research has to follow a certain structural process.
Research Overview
This document outlines the agenda for a communication research methods course. It includes discussions of key topics like qualitative and quantitative research, evaluating academic sources, and the scientific research process. Students will learn about developing research questions, different ways of knowing, and how scientific communities work to establish knowledge. The course will also cover finding and reviewing primary research sources and developing ideas for potential research studies.
Scientific social science research
This document discusses scientific social science research and the scientific method. It explains that social science research refers to the scientific study of human behavior and interaction. The scientific method relies on evidence, concepts, objectivity, and logical reasoning processes like induction and deduction. Induction involves studying individual cases to draw generalizations, while deduction applies general principles to specific cases. For research to be considered scientific, it must follow a systematic process including defining the problem, formulating hypotheses, collecting quantitative data, stating clear generalizations, and fully reporting the research process and methods of analysis.
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Nature of research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joy
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Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
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The law of attraction is the most powerful force in the universe. If you work against it, it can only bring you pain and misery. Successful people know this but have kept it hidden from the lower class for centuries because th
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The document discusses various topics related to nursing research including the definition, purposes, types, and process of research. It examines key concepts like basic and applied research, quantitative and qualitative approaches, and evidence-based practice. The document also explores trends, challenges, and priorities in nursing research.
Case study-research-method-140826003429-phpapp02
This document provides an overview of case study research methodology. It defines case study research, discusses the different types of case studies including intrinsic and instrumental case studies. It also outlines the purposes of case studies as explanatory, exploratory or descriptive. The document reviews case study designs such as single case designs, multiple case designs, and embedded case designs. It describes the process of conducting case studies including developing protocols, collecting data from multiple sources, and addressing issues of validity and reliability. Finally, it discusses techniques for analyzing case study data and reporting case study findings.
Case Studys and lesson of how to do case
This document provides guidance on writing effective case studies. It discusses what a case study is, its purpose, key components, and methods for preparing case studies. A case study tells a story about a real-life situation or event and aims to provide a holistic view of complex issues. It should have a clear structure that includes background context, description of strategies, challenges encountered, and outcomes. Interviews, documentation, and direct observation are common methods for collecting case study data. The document also provides tips for effective organization, content, use of visuals, mechanics, style, and research in case study writing.
Research
This document discusses various aspects of research, including:
1. It defines research and outlines some key objectives such as gaining familiarity with a phenomenon, accurately depicting characteristics, and testing hypotheses.
2. It describes different types of research such as descriptive vs. analytical, quantitative vs. qualitative, and conceptual vs. empirical.
3. It discusses important considerations for research such as sampling design, observational design, and statistical design that make up the overall research design.
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Case study
- 1. CASE STUDIES •Uses many data sources to systematically investigate individuals, groups, organizations, or events. •A qualitative research technique, used to explain/ understand a phenomenon. •It’s an experimental inquiry that uses multiple sources of evidence to investigate a phenomenon with-in it’s real life context. •Case study research is: Particularistic- case study focuses on a particular situation, event, program, or phenomenon. It’s a good method for studying practical, real life problems. Descriptive-detailed description of the topic under study. Heuristic -helps to understand what’s being studied. New interpretations, new perspectives, new meaning, fresh insights are the goals of case study. •Inductive- Inductive reasoning. They discover new relationships rather than verifying existing hypotheses. •The body of literature in case study research is "primitive and limited“. Case studies do not need to have a minimum number of cases, or to randomly "select" cases. The researcher is called upon to work with the situation that presents itself in each case. •Case studies can be single or multiple-case designs. •Single cases are used to confirm or challenge a theory, or to represent a unique or extreme case. •They are ideal for revelatory cases where an observer may have access to a phenomenon that was previously inaccessible. •Such designs require careful investigation and require investigator's access to the evidence. •Same case study can involve more than one unit of analysis. •Multiple-case studies follow a replication logic. Each individual case study consists of a "whole" study, in which facts are gathered from various sources and conclusions drawn on those facts. Types of case studies •Exploratory case studies. •Explanatory cases (are suitable for doing causal studies .) •Descriptive cases Designing Case Studies •Five components of research design that are important for case studies:
- 2. •A study's questions •Its propositions, if any •Its unit(s) of analysis •The logic linking the data to the propositions •The criteria for interpreting the findings Advantages •Provide detailed information. It explains why something has happened. •Can be used at the exploratory stage of research. •Used to gather descriptive & explanatory data. Disadvantages •Time consuming. •Case study is not amenable to generalizations. •Provides a massive quantity of data which is hard to summarize. Conducting a case study •Design What to ask? What to analyze? What to use as a unit of analysis? •Pilot study Construct a protocol- procedures, instruments, methods of accessing records, schedule of data collection, possible sources of information, the questions to be asked. Pilot study is done to know about the possible number of variables, data gathering approaches. •Data Collection Documents-letters, memos, agendas, historical records, brochures, pamphlets, posters. Intensive interviews & survey questionnaires. Observation/participation. •Data Analysis Pattern-matching technique-an experience based pattern is compared with one or more predicted patterns. Explanation building-researcher tries to construct an explanation about the case by making statements about the cause/ causes of the phenomenon under study.
- 3. •Report writing •Use multiple sources of data & support it with triangulation techniques.