This document discusses iron deficiency and provides information on carbonyl iron supplements. It notes that iron deficiency has become very common and iron is essential for red blood cell formation and energy production. It describes the symptoms of iron deficiency anaemia and lists populations at higher risk. Carbonyl iron is highlighted as a non-constipating iron supplement that is highly absorbable. Information is provided on dosage, side effects, and who may benefit from taking a carbonyl iron supplement to treat iron deficiency anaemia.
Folic acid and vitamin B9, is one of the B vitamins.The recommended daily intake level of folate is 400 micrograms from foods or dietary supplements.Folic acid is used to treat anemia caused by folic acid deficiency.It is also used as a supplement by women during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs) in the baby.
Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9 or folate, is an essential B vitamin that must be obtained through diet as the body cannot produce it. It is commonly found in leafy vegetables, pasta, bread, and cereal. Folic acid is important for making DNA, RNA, and metabolizing amino acids required for cell division. It acts as a carrier of single carbon units that are important for the synthesis of nucleotides and amino acids. Deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects in babies if deficiency occurs during pregnancy.
This document discusses iron physiology, including sources of iron from foods, daily iron requirements that vary by age and gender, and the roles of iron in the body. It describes how iron is absorbed in the small intestine, transported by transferrin in the blood, and stored or utilized in tissues. The document also addresses iron deficiency and overload, their causes, symptoms, and treatments.
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that exists in two forms, L-ascorbic acid and L-dehydro ascorbic acid. It serves as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions in the body, including collagen synthesis, catecholamine synthesis, and amino acid metabolism. Deficiency of vitamin C results in scurvy, characterized by hemorrhaging, impaired wound healing, swollen gums, and loose teeth. Good dietary sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits, berries, tomatoes, and peppers.
During pregnancy and lactation, calcium requirements increase substantially to support the developing fetus and breastfeeding infant. The placenta transfers 200-300mg of calcium daily to the fetus during pregnancy, while breastmilk contains 280-400mg of calcium that is secreted daily during lactation. To meet these demands, women undergo physiological adaptations like increased intestinal calcium absorption facilitated by elevated vitamin D and intestinal calbindin levels. They also experience decreased urinary calcium excretion through effects of PTHrP and estrogen. These changes, along with calcium mobilization from maternal bones, enable women to direct calcium to the fetus and breastmilk. Low calcium intake can potentially impact fetal and infant growth and development as well as maternal bone health.
Iron is an essential micronutrient, but both iron deficiency and excess can be harmful. Iron deficiency anemia affects 65-75% of people in India and can impact growth and development. The body tightly regulates iron levels through absorption in the duodenum, transport by transferrin, and storage in ferritin and hemosiderin. Hepcidin is the key regulator of iron absorption and release, inhibiting the iron exporter ferroportin. Disorders of iron metabolism include iron deficiency anemia, hemosiderosis, and hereditary hemochromatosis.
The document provides an overview of iron metabolism in the human body. It discusses dietary iron sources and requirements, absorption of iron in the small intestine, transport of iron in the blood via transferrin, storage of iron in the liver, spleen and bone marrow as ferritin and hemosiderin, the role of iron in hemoglobin and other proteins, excretion of iron primarily in feces, and laboratory tests to diagnose iron deficiency or overload. Conditions related to iron such as iron deficiency anemia and hemochromatosis are also summarized.
Folic acid and vitamin B9, is one of the B vitamins.The recommended daily intake level of folate is 400 micrograms from foods or dietary supplements.Folic acid is used to treat anemia caused by folic acid deficiency.It is also used as a supplement by women during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs) in the baby.
Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9 or folate, is an essential B vitamin that must be obtained through diet as the body cannot produce it. It is commonly found in leafy vegetables, pasta, bread, and cereal. Folic acid is important for making DNA, RNA, and metabolizing amino acids required for cell division. It acts as a carrier of single carbon units that are important for the synthesis of nucleotides and amino acids. Deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects in babies if deficiency occurs during pregnancy.
This document discusses iron physiology, including sources of iron from foods, daily iron requirements that vary by age and gender, and the roles of iron in the body. It describes how iron is absorbed in the small intestine, transported by transferrin in the blood, and stored or utilized in tissues. The document also addresses iron deficiency and overload, their causes, symptoms, and treatments.
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that exists in two forms, L-ascorbic acid and L-dehydro ascorbic acid. It serves as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions in the body, including collagen synthesis, catecholamine synthesis, and amino acid metabolism. Deficiency of vitamin C results in scurvy, characterized by hemorrhaging, impaired wound healing, swollen gums, and loose teeth. Good dietary sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits, berries, tomatoes, and peppers.
During pregnancy and lactation, calcium requirements increase substantially to support the developing fetus and breastfeeding infant. The placenta transfers 200-300mg of calcium daily to the fetus during pregnancy, while breastmilk contains 280-400mg of calcium that is secreted daily during lactation. To meet these demands, women undergo physiological adaptations like increased intestinal calcium absorption facilitated by elevated vitamin D and intestinal calbindin levels. They also experience decreased urinary calcium excretion through effects of PTHrP and estrogen. These changes, along with calcium mobilization from maternal bones, enable women to direct calcium to the fetus and breastmilk. Low calcium intake can potentially impact fetal and infant growth and development as well as maternal bone health.
Iron is an essential micronutrient, but both iron deficiency and excess can be harmful. Iron deficiency anemia affects 65-75% of people in India and can impact growth and development. The body tightly regulates iron levels through absorption in the duodenum, transport by transferrin, and storage in ferritin and hemosiderin. Hepcidin is the key regulator of iron absorption and release, inhibiting the iron exporter ferroportin. Disorders of iron metabolism include iron deficiency anemia, hemosiderosis, and hereditary hemochromatosis.
The document provides an overview of iron metabolism in the human body. It discusses dietary iron sources and requirements, absorption of iron in the small intestine, transport of iron in the blood via transferrin, storage of iron in the liver, spleen and bone marrow as ferritin and hemosiderin, the role of iron in hemoglobin and other proteins, excretion of iron primarily in feces, and laboratory tests to diagnose iron deficiency or overload. Conditions related to iron such as iron deficiency anemia and hemochromatosis are also summarized.
Chromium is a chemical element important for sugar and lipid metabolism. It enhances insulin sensitivity by activating glucose transporter 4 trafficking and stimulating insulin-stimulated glucose transport via a cholesterol-dependent mechanism. This allows chromium to increase glucose cell intake and glycogen synthesis, elevating exercise performance, especially for aerobic exercise. However, high chromium intake without supplements is unlikely to provide benefits, and some chromium forms like hexavalent chromium are toxic and carcinogenic.
Anemia during pregnancy can be caused by iron, folate, or vitamin B12 deficiencies. Common symptoms include fatigue and pallor. Testing includes hemoglobin and hematocrit levels from blood samples. Treatment involves iron, folate, and vitamin B12 supplements as well as an iron-rich diet. Untreated anemia poses risks like preterm birth and low birthweight for the baby. Nursing care focuses on nutritional assessment, monitoring lab results, and dietary education.
Magnesium is an essential mineral found in bones, muscles, and body fluids. It plays important roles in regulating nerves and muscles, protein synthesis, and metabolism. Approximately one third is absorbed from digestion, with the rest excreted. Deficiency can result from conditions like chronic diarrhea, renal failure, or alcoholism, causing symptoms like weakness, tremors, and convulsions. Treatment involves fluid/electrolyte replacement and modifying diet/intake of foods high in magnesium.
Homocysteine: An Overlooked Biomarker in Clinical MedicineFurquan Alam
High levels of homocysteine (Hcy), or a high "H score," predicts risk for over 100 diseases like cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), diabetes, and renal disease. Elevated plasma Hcy is an important, strong, and modifiable risk factor that can predict higher long-term mortality when elevated at baseline. Hcy levels are affected by genetic mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and drugs, and testing is recommended for those with vascular diseases or risk factors. Elevated Hcy can damage arteries in several ways and is a stronger predictor of CVD risk than cholesterol.
This presentation introduces haematinics, which are nutrients like iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid required for blood cell formation. It focuses on iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid as the main haematinics. For iron, it discusses its role in hematopoiesis, causes of iron deficiency like malnutrition and blood loss, iron storage in the body, and factors that facilitate iron absorption like meat and vitamin C. For vitamin B12, it provides information on its importance, causes of deficiency, and related diseases like megaloblastic anemia. Finally, it covers folic acid's role as a coenzyme with B12, indications for its use including megaloblastic anemia and pregnancy
This document provides information about niacin (vitamin B3) and pantothenic acid. It discusses their chemistry, roles as coenzymes NAD+ and CoA, biosynthesis, dietary sources, recommended daily intake, and effects of deficiency. Niacin deficiency can cause pellagra with symptoms of diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. Pantothenic acid is required for fatty acid synthesis and metabolism of acetyl CoA, propionyl CoA, and succinyl CoA. Deficiency can result in burning feet syndrome.
Riboflavin functions metabolically as an essential component of the coenzymes FMN and FAD, which act as intermediaries in electron transfers in biological oxidation-reduction reactions. As flavoproteins, they serve as switching sites between obligate two-electron donors and one-electron acceptors, and can transfer one or two electrons with a range of potentials. Riboflavin plays key roles in metabolism through these coenzymes, including carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, and vitamin metabolism. It is also essential for protecting against oxidative stress and homocysteinemia, and plays roles in vascular disease, congenital defects in fat metabolism, mineral utilization, and other health effects.
Lifecycle nutrition: Pregnancy and LactationHelen Corless
This document provides information on nutrition during pregnancy and lactation. It discusses the importance of good nutrition prior to conception, key nutrients during pregnancy like folate, iron, and calcium, and weight gain recommendations. It describes fetal development from conception through birth and identifies critical periods like early neural tube development. Risks during pregnancy like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia are also covered. The benefits of breastfeeding for both infant and mother are summarized.
summary of evidence base for use of Acetyl-l-carnitine in Alzheimer's, Dememtia, Diabetes Fibromyalgia, Fatigue, Erectile dysfunction, Alcoholism, Male infertility, Peyronie's disease, Fragile X syndrome, Dosages, Side effects IHERB prices and Introductory Discount Code
This document discusses iron deficiency anemia, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia, affecting 20% of women of childbearing age and 2% of adult males. Diagnosis involves examining blood cells and indices, bone marrow findings, and biochemical markers. Treatment focuses on correcting the underlying iron deficiency through dietary sources of iron and supplements if needed.
Diagnosis and management of folic acid deficiency anaemiasubhrajit das
Folic acid deficiency anemia is a problem in 3-4% of pregnancies in India. It is caused by poor diet, malabsorption issues, increased demand during pregnancy, and certain drugs. Symptoms include loss of appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea. Signs include pallor, enlarged organs, and neuropathy. Complications for the mother include preeclampsia and placental abruption, while complications for the fetus include neural tube defects, abortion, growth issues, and prematurity. Diagnosis is based on low hemoglobin, MCV, and serum folate levels as well as megaloblastic changes in blood cells. Treatment involves folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy to prevent deficiencies.
Folic acid is a B vitamin found in green leafy vegetables and whole grains. It is required for DNA synthesis and cell division. The biologically active form is tetrahydrofolate, which carries single carbon groups and is involved in reactions like purine synthesis. Deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia during pregnancy or infancy due to impaired DNA synthesis. It is also associated with increased homocysteine levels and neural tube defects if deficiency occurs during pregnancy. While folic acid supplements can treat deficiency, they should not be given to cancer patients as it may increase abnormal cell growth and division.
Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation in PregnancySujoy Dasgupta
lectured delivered by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta in the CME on "High Risk Pregnancy" organized by the BOGS (Bengal Obettric snd Gynaecological Society) and Wanburry Pharma
The document discusses iron metabolism and disorders of iron deficiency. It covers stages of iron deficiency from depleted iron stores to iron deficiency anemia. Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia include fatigue, dizziness, and behavioral disturbances. Diagnosis involves low hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and other blood markers. Treatment focuses on oral or parenteral iron supplementation depending on severity and ability to absorb orally.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is essential for normal cell metabolism and blood cell formation. It contains a cobalt ion at its core and different attachments to the cobalt determine the type of B12. The main sources are animal products. B12 requires intrinsic factor for absorption in the ileum. A deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia and neurological problems due to impaired DNA synthesis and methylation reactions. Pernicious anemia is a type of B12 deficiency caused by a lack of intrinsic factor.
Iron deficiency anemia is caused by a lack of iron needed to produce hemoglobin. There are multiple factors that influence iron absorption, transport, storage and utilization in hemoglobin and red blood cell production. An ideal treatment addresses these factors by providing iron along with proteins, vitamins and minerals to efficiently synthesize and mature hemoglobin and red blood cells.
The document describes several Novalac infant formula products:
1. Novalac n1 is an adapted formula for infants 0-6 months when breastfeeding is not available, ensuring optimal nutrition.
2. Novalac n2 is a follow on formula for infants 6-12 months, providing a balanced set of nutrients for growth.
3. Novalac n3 is a growth formula for children 1-5 years old, fortified with vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids for brain development.
4. Novalac AD is a hypoallergenic formula used to rehydrate and feed infants during and after diarrhea, containing easily digestible sugars and fibers.
Thiamine (vitamin B1) and biochemical aspects of beriberirohini sane
A comprehensive presentation on Thiamine and biochemical aspects of Beriberi for MBBS, BDS, B Pham and Biotechnology students to facilitate easy leaning.
Folic acid is the oxidized form of a water-soluble B vitamin found in fortified foods and supplements. It is required in the diet because gut bacteria cannot synthesize a form that is bioavailable. Folic acid is absorbed in the small intestine through active transport and carrier proteins and is transported in the blood as methyltetrahydrofolate (methyl-THFA). It is stored in tissues as polyglutamates and plays a key role in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in amino acid, nucleotide, and histidine metabolism. Deficiency can result from inadequate intake, malabsorption, increased demands, or drug interactions, and may cause megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects, weight loss,
Presentazione per il congresso Brain & Malnutrition 2018
Viene analizzato il ruolo della Vitamina D nel mantenimento del funzionamento del SNC ed eventuali risvolti clinici preventivi e di trattamento nelle patologie neurologiche alla luce delle più recenti evidenze scientifiche.
This document provides information on macronutrients, micronutrients, and vitamins that are essential for a healthy diet. It discusses the main macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, fats - and explains where to find them in foods and their functions in the body. Specific micronutrients like calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine are also outlined, including their food sources and the deficiency diseases that can result from not getting enough. The document concludes with an overview of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, their roles, and example food sources.
This document provides information on vitamins and minerals, including their functions, sources, and effects of deficiencies. It discusses that vitamins are micronutrients needed in small amounts that are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. Major minerals like calcium and phosphorus and trace minerals like iron and iodine are also outlined. The roles of specific vitamins A, D, E, K, B1-3, B9, C and minerals iron, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, zinc, and iodine are summarized. Fortification of foods is described as an effective public health strategy to prevent deficiencies.
Chromium is a chemical element important for sugar and lipid metabolism. It enhances insulin sensitivity by activating glucose transporter 4 trafficking and stimulating insulin-stimulated glucose transport via a cholesterol-dependent mechanism. This allows chromium to increase glucose cell intake and glycogen synthesis, elevating exercise performance, especially for aerobic exercise. However, high chromium intake without supplements is unlikely to provide benefits, and some chromium forms like hexavalent chromium are toxic and carcinogenic.
Anemia during pregnancy can be caused by iron, folate, or vitamin B12 deficiencies. Common symptoms include fatigue and pallor. Testing includes hemoglobin and hematocrit levels from blood samples. Treatment involves iron, folate, and vitamin B12 supplements as well as an iron-rich diet. Untreated anemia poses risks like preterm birth and low birthweight for the baby. Nursing care focuses on nutritional assessment, monitoring lab results, and dietary education.
Magnesium is an essential mineral found in bones, muscles, and body fluids. It plays important roles in regulating nerves and muscles, protein synthesis, and metabolism. Approximately one third is absorbed from digestion, with the rest excreted. Deficiency can result from conditions like chronic diarrhea, renal failure, or alcoholism, causing symptoms like weakness, tremors, and convulsions. Treatment involves fluid/electrolyte replacement and modifying diet/intake of foods high in magnesium.
Homocysteine: An Overlooked Biomarker in Clinical MedicineFurquan Alam
High levels of homocysteine (Hcy), or a high "H score," predicts risk for over 100 diseases like cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), diabetes, and renal disease. Elevated plasma Hcy is an important, strong, and modifiable risk factor that can predict higher long-term mortality when elevated at baseline. Hcy levels are affected by genetic mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and drugs, and testing is recommended for those with vascular diseases or risk factors. Elevated Hcy can damage arteries in several ways and is a stronger predictor of CVD risk than cholesterol.
This presentation introduces haematinics, which are nutrients like iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid required for blood cell formation. It focuses on iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid as the main haematinics. For iron, it discusses its role in hematopoiesis, causes of iron deficiency like malnutrition and blood loss, iron storage in the body, and factors that facilitate iron absorption like meat and vitamin C. For vitamin B12, it provides information on its importance, causes of deficiency, and related diseases like megaloblastic anemia. Finally, it covers folic acid's role as a coenzyme with B12, indications for its use including megaloblastic anemia and pregnancy
This document provides information about niacin (vitamin B3) and pantothenic acid. It discusses their chemistry, roles as coenzymes NAD+ and CoA, biosynthesis, dietary sources, recommended daily intake, and effects of deficiency. Niacin deficiency can cause pellagra with symptoms of diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. Pantothenic acid is required for fatty acid synthesis and metabolism of acetyl CoA, propionyl CoA, and succinyl CoA. Deficiency can result in burning feet syndrome.
Riboflavin functions metabolically as an essential component of the coenzymes FMN and FAD, which act as intermediaries in electron transfers in biological oxidation-reduction reactions. As flavoproteins, they serve as switching sites between obligate two-electron donors and one-electron acceptors, and can transfer one or two electrons with a range of potentials. Riboflavin plays key roles in metabolism through these coenzymes, including carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, and vitamin metabolism. It is also essential for protecting against oxidative stress and homocysteinemia, and plays roles in vascular disease, congenital defects in fat metabolism, mineral utilization, and other health effects.
Lifecycle nutrition: Pregnancy and LactationHelen Corless
This document provides information on nutrition during pregnancy and lactation. It discusses the importance of good nutrition prior to conception, key nutrients during pregnancy like folate, iron, and calcium, and weight gain recommendations. It describes fetal development from conception through birth and identifies critical periods like early neural tube development. Risks during pregnancy like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia are also covered. The benefits of breastfeeding for both infant and mother are summarized.
summary of evidence base for use of Acetyl-l-carnitine in Alzheimer's, Dememtia, Diabetes Fibromyalgia, Fatigue, Erectile dysfunction, Alcoholism, Male infertility, Peyronie's disease, Fragile X syndrome, Dosages, Side effects IHERB prices and Introductory Discount Code
This document discusses iron deficiency anemia, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia, affecting 20% of women of childbearing age and 2% of adult males. Diagnosis involves examining blood cells and indices, bone marrow findings, and biochemical markers. Treatment focuses on correcting the underlying iron deficiency through dietary sources of iron and supplements if needed.
Diagnosis and management of folic acid deficiency anaemiasubhrajit das
Folic acid deficiency anemia is a problem in 3-4% of pregnancies in India. It is caused by poor diet, malabsorption issues, increased demand during pregnancy, and certain drugs. Symptoms include loss of appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea. Signs include pallor, enlarged organs, and neuropathy. Complications for the mother include preeclampsia and placental abruption, while complications for the fetus include neural tube defects, abortion, growth issues, and prematurity. Diagnosis is based on low hemoglobin, MCV, and serum folate levels as well as megaloblastic changes in blood cells. Treatment involves folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy to prevent deficiencies.
Folic acid is a B vitamin found in green leafy vegetables and whole grains. It is required for DNA synthesis and cell division. The biologically active form is tetrahydrofolate, which carries single carbon groups and is involved in reactions like purine synthesis. Deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia during pregnancy or infancy due to impaired DNA synthesis. It is also associated with increased homocysteine levels and neural tube defects if deficiency occurs during pregnancy. While folic acid supplements can treat deficiency, they should not be given to cancer patients as it may increase abnormal cell growth and division.
Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation in PregnancySujoy Dasgupta
lectured delivered by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta in the CME on "High Risk Pregnancy" organized by the BOGS (Bengal Obettric snd Gynaecological Society) and Wanburry Pharma
The document discusses iron metabolism and disorders of iron deficiency. It covers stages of iron deficiency from depleted iron stores to iron deficiency anemia. Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia include fatigue, dizziness, and behavioral disturbances. Diagnosis involves low hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and other blood markers. Treatment focuses on oral or parenteral iron supplementation depending on severity and ability to absorb orally.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is essential for normal cell metabolism and blood cell formation. It contains a cobalt ion at its core and different attachments to the cobalt determine the type of B12. The main sources are animal products. B12 requires intrinsic factor for absorption in the ileum. A deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia and neurological problems due to impaired DNA synthesis and methylation reactions. Pernicious anemia is a type of B12 deficiency caused by a lack of intrinsic factor.
Iron deficiency anemia is caused by a lack of iron needed to produce hemoglobin. There are multiple factors that influence iron absorption, transport, storage and utilization in hemoglobin and red blood cell production. An ideal treatment addresses these factors by providing iron along with proteins, vitamins and minerals to efficiently synthesize and mature hemoglobin and red blood cells.
The document describes several Novalac infant formula products:
1. Novalac n1 is an adapted formula for infants 0-6 months when breastfeeding is not available, ensuring optimal nutrition.
2. Novalac n2 is a follow on formula for infants 6-12 months, providing a balanced set of nutrients for growth.
3. Novalac n3 is a growth formula for children 1-5 years old, fortified with vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids for brain development.
4. Novalac AD is a hypoallergenic formula used to rehydrate and feed infants during and after diarrhea, containing easily digestible sugars and fibers.
Thiamine (vitamin B1) and biochemical aspects of beriberirohini sane
A comprehensive presentation on Thiamine and biochemical aspects of Beriberi for MBBS, BDS, B Pham and Biotechnology students to facilitate easy leaning.
Folic acid is the oxidized form of a water-soluble B vitamin found in fortified foods and supplements. It is required in the diet because gut bacteria cannot synthesize a form that is bioavailable. Folic acid is absorbed in the small intestine through active transport and carrier proteins and is transported in the blood as methyltetrahydrofolate (methyl-THFA). It is stored in tissues as polyglutamates and plays a key role in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in amino acid, nucleotide, and histidine metabolism. Deficiency can result from inadequate intake, malabsorption, increased demands, or drug interactions, and may cause megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects, weight loss,
Presentazione per il congresso Brain & Malnutrition 2018
Viene analizzato il ruolo della Vitamina D nel mantenimento del funzionamento del SNC ed eventuali risvolti clinici preventivi e di trattamento nelle patologie neurologiche alla luce delle più recenti evidenze scientifiche.
This document provides information on macronutrients, micronutrients, and vitamins that are essential for a healthy diet. It discusses the main macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, fats - and explains where to find them in foods and their functions in the body. Specific micronutrients like calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine are also outlined, including their food sources and the deficiency diseases that can result from not getting enough. The document concludes with an overview of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, their roles, and example food sources.
This document provides information on vitamins and minerals, including their functions, sources, and effects of deficiencies. It discusses that vitamins are micronutrients needed in small amounts that are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. Major minerals like calcium and phosphorus and trace minerals like iron and iodine are also outlined. The roles of specific vitamins A, D, E, K, B1-3, B9, C and minerals iron, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, zinc, and iodine are summarized. Fortification of foods is described as an effective public health strategy to prevent deficiencies.
This document provides information on nutrients and protein sources for a vegetarian diet. It discusses that vegetarians can meet their daily protein needs through plant-based foods like legumes, nuts, grains, and vegetables. It provides recommendations for daily intake of proteins, vitamins and minerals including calcium, iron, vitamin B12, and zinc. Food sources of these nutrients are outlined, including plant-based foods like beans, lentils, spinach and fortified foods. Supplements may be needed for vitamin B12.
Proteins are essential biochemical compounds that help keep the body alive and healthy. They maintain a healthy lifestyle by keeping us healthy and are found in meats. Our daily protein needs depend on factors like age, size, and activity level. Common healthy sources of protein include fish, chicken, meat, eggs, nuts, and beans. Nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals are essential for the normal functioning of the human body. They provide energy and building blocks for cells and play important roles like metabolism.
Minerals are inorganic substances that are essential for the human body to function properly. They help build strong bones and muscles and maintain bodily functions. The body requires macrominerals like calcium, sodium, and potassium in relatively large amounts as well as microminerals like iron, zinc and iodine in smaller trace amounts. Deficiencies in important minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium and potassium can develop due to poor diet or absorption issues and cause health problems. Mineral deficiencies are typically treated through dietary changes and supplements under a doctor's guidance.
Calcium is essential for life and health from birth to old age. It plays key roles in bone and teeth development, muscle function, blood clotting, and nerve signaling. Most calcium in the body is stored in bones and teeth. Calcium deficiency can cause over 100 diseases and symptoms vary by age. The document recommends daily calcium intake amounts and lists those who may need supplements. It describes different calcium supplement types and highlights the advantages of TIENS' amino acid chelated calcium supplements which have high absorption rates and no side effects.
This document provides information on recommended daily allowances (RDAs) of vitamins and minerals for infants and children from 0-8 years old. It includes the RDA for various vitamins like A, C, D, E, K, and B vitamins. It also lists the RDA for important minerals like calcium, chromium, copper, iron, iodine, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc and selenium. The RDAs are broken down by age group to account for changing nutritional needs as children grow.
1. The document discusses various calcium supplement products from TIENS, including their ingredients and health benefits.
2. TIENS calcium supplements use amino acid chelated calcium which has a high absorption rate and does not require vitamin D3 for absorption.
3. The document recommends TIENS calcium products for those with calcium deficiencies, including pregnant/nursing women, children, the elderly, and those with conditions like osteoporosis or diabetes.
This document discusses the six major types of nutrients - carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water. It explains that nutrients provide energy, aid growth and repair of tissues, and help regulate bodily functions. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins specifically provide energy, while vitamins and minerals work with these nutrients. The document delves into specifics of each nutrient type, their functions, food sources, and potential deficiencies.
This document provides information on various minerals required by the body. It discusses the classification of minerals into major, minor and trace elements based on daily requirements. The key minerals described are calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, iodine, fluorine and zinc. For each mineral, the document outlines their functions, food sources, deficiency symptoms and other relevant information.
1. An 18-month-old child was brought in for a check up and was found to have pale skin and signs of iron-deficiency anemia.
2. Tests confirmed low hemoglobin and iron levels. Iron-deficiency anemia is caused by not getting enough iron from diet or blood loss and can impact development.
3. Treatment includes oral iron supplements calculated based on weight, replacing the iron deficit, and addressing the underlying cause. An iron-rich diet containing meat, leafy greens, and iron-fortified foods also helps manage iron-deficiency anemia.
Swedish company FerroCare/MediTec develops iron supplements to help people suffering from iron deficiency. Their main product, OptiFer, contains heme iron and vitamin C to aid absorption. They also offer OptiFer Eco, which has the same iron dosage but without vitamin C and coating to make it more affordable. FerroCare recognizes iron deficiency is a global issue for groups like females, pregnant women, adolescents, and those with chronic illnesses. They have expanded their product line to include chewable tablets tailored for children (OptiFer Kiddo) and the elderly (OptiFer Vital), as well as OptiFer Easy designed for women.
7 Vital Nutrients You're Not Getting and How to Stop Sabotaging Your HealthNu U Nutrition
Guest nutritionist Carmela Pengelly shares insights on the 7 nutrients many people don't get enough of and how to stop doing things that may sabotage your health without you realizing.
Vitamins are nutrients that our bodies cannot produce on their own and must be obtained through foods or supplements. The document discusses the top 10 questions asked about vitamin supplements, including whether to get vitamins from food or supplements, who should take a multivitamin, what RDA means, the differences between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, and factors to consider before taking supplements. It also provides details on specific vitamins like B vitamins, Vitamin A, potential deficiencies, and risks of too much intake.
This document provides an overview of minerals and their importance for human health. It discusses major minerals like calcium, sodium, and potassium that are essential in large amounts. It also covers trace minerals like iron, zinc, and iodine that are needed in smaller quantities. Key points include the roles of minerals in bone health, energy production, fluid balance, and other bodily functions. Risk factors for osteoporosis and strategies to ensure adequate mineral intake through diet are also reviewed.
This document provides information on various minerals, including macro-minerals and micro-minerals. It discusses the seven principal macro-minerals that make up 60-80% of the body's inorganic material, as well as important micro-minerals like iron, copper, and sodium. For each mineral, the document outlines their functions, dietary sources, deficiency and toxicity symptoms, and supplementation recommendations.
This document provides an overview of macronutrients and some key micronutrients. It discusses calories and daily intake requirements, then focuses on carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and minerals including calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins provide calories and are classified as macronutrients, while minerals and vitamins are needed in smaller amounts and are micronutrients.
Now a days people are very conscious to take care of their health. As the degree of pollution of environment as well as the food is augmented day by day, the prevalence of Vitamin Deficiency disease is increasing. Beside this due to Inadequate Food Intake, Improper Cooking Process, Overuse of Fertilizer, Irrational Chemical use, Excessive use of Preservative & growing habit of Fast Food eating, malnourished people are increasing.
So a complete Vitamin-Mineral Supplement is essential. We have launched a Product namely Biogold, is an elegant preparation of "High Potency 32 Multivitamin-Multimineral. Which is "A Complete Multivitamin-Multimineral preparation for Golden Age (11-50 Years).
The document discusses nutrition and digestion, explaining that digestion is the breakdown of food into smaller molecules using both physical and chemical processes involving enzymes, and that a balanced diet provides the right amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fiber and water needed for health, growth, and energy based on factors like age, gender, activity level and environment.
Here are some healthier options for fast food:
- Quarter Pounder with Cheese (hold mayo) and small fries instead of large. Water instead of soda.
- Subway 6-inch turkey sub on wheat bread with lettuce, tomato, onion. Water or unsweetened iced tea.
- Wendy's Jr. Bacon Cheeseburger (hold mayo), side salad with light dressing instead of fries. Water.
- Taco Bell Fresco menu items like tacos or burrito, minus sour cream. Water or unsweetened iced tea.
The key is choosing smaller portions of leaner meats when available and filling half your plate with fruits and vegetables. Avoid
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share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
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3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
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Carbonyl iron and iron melts training
1.
2. Do you feel like this?
Are you constantly feeling tired or exhausted despite adequate sleep?
Has daily life become a struggle?
3. Are you running out of steam?
You could be low in iron
….… no not that sort of iron the nutrient!
4. Why is Iron important?
• Iron deficiency has become one of the most
common nutritional deficiencies in New Zealand and
and around the world.
• For many people today’s foods contain insufficient
Iron for optimal health
• Iron is an essential trace mineral for human nutrition
and is involved in all levels of energy production
• Iron is necessary for red blood cell formation – the
cells that transport oxygen around the body
• If Iron stores are low, red blood cell production drops
and Iron deficiency anaemia may develop
• Iron plays a role in normal brain development,
immune function and collagen production
• Iron supports healthy mood due to its role in the
production of serotonin, dopamine and
noradrenaline
Red blood cells magnified
11,000 times
5. Why is Iron important? (cont.)
• The average dietary intake of Iron ranges from 10 – 20 mg daily.
• The best dietary sources of Iron are green vegetables legumes and red meat.
– If red meat sits heavily on your stomach consider an Iron supplement.
• Milk products, snack foods and soft drinks are NOT good sources of Iron.
• The Iron content from fortified breads and cereals is not very well absorbed.
• Individuals with Iron deficiency anaemia may:
o Be tired listless and pale
o Have poor concentration and low mood
o Feel faint or dizzy, or have lost their appetite
o May be irritable or suffer headaches
o May experience shortness of breath with mild exercise
Dietary sources of Iron
6. Who can we help?
• Individuals diagnosed with iron deficiency anaemia
• Some individuals may be at higher risk of developing Iron deficiency:
– Menstruating women – loose on average 22mg of iron per month
– Pregnant women – iron stores are transferred to the foetus
– Breast feeding women – iron is used in milk production
– Vegetarians – plant-based iron is less well absorbed than animal-based iron
– Adolescents – during times of rapid growth
– Individuals suffering from acute or chronic blood loss – due to wounds or surgery
– Individuals with poor diets – the elderly, teenagers and picky eaters
Suspected iron deficiency should always be verified with laboratory testing
(including haemoglobin and ferritin levels)
7. How can we help?
CARBONYL IRON
• Iron salts are generally poorly absorbed, the unabsorbed iron contributes to gastrointestinal
upsets, diarrhoea and constipation (unlike iron salts, CARBONYL IRON is virtually non-
toxic)
• CARBONYL IRON is 98% pure elemental Iron, is highly absorbable and therefore gentle
on the stomach
• CARBONYL IRON is proven to be non-constipating and has a long history of safe use in
foods and medicines
• The recommended dose of CARBONYL IRON is one tablet daily, this provide 3/4 of the
maximum RDA in a single tablet
• CARBONYL IRON is cost effective and suitable for most
age groups and vegetarians (provided they can swallow
small tablets)
8. How does it work?
• Iron has many functions in the body, it is essential for energy production, immune
function and for haemoglobin production so oxygen can be transported around the
body
• CARBONYL IRON safely and effectively replaces Iron stores to reduce the
symptoms of Iron deficiency anaemia, reducing fatigue and lifting energy, so you
can get back to enjoying life!
9. Why CARBONYL IRON?
Features: Benefits:
Contains Carbonyl Iron >98% pure, high strength bio-available Iron
Non constipating
Excellent safety record
Tablet format Small and easy to swallow
Iron only supplement Companioned alongside a daily multivitamin
to fill dietary gaps and provide iron cofactors
Remember iron is best absorbed when taken
at a different time of day to your multivitamin
10. What’s in CARBONYL IRON?
CARBONYL IRON
Active ingredients: (per effervescent tablet)
Carbonyl Iron (Ferronlyl®) 18 mg
Additional information:
DO NOT exceed the recommended daily dose
Also contains: Tabletting aids
Contains no
added:
Preservatives, sugar, starch, gluten, yeast or milk
derivatives
Adult Dose: Take one tablet daily
Pack size: Box of 30 tablets
11. Watch out for
Additional information:
Side effects: Carbonyl Iron is generally well tolerated, some sensitive
individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal upsets, take with
food if this occurs
Drug Interactions: Do not take at the same time of day as antacids or acid lowering
medications
Precautions and
Contraindications:
CARBONYL IRON should only be used for iron deficiency
anaemia and not any other forms of anaemia
Use with caution in individuals with elevated serum ferritin or a
history of gastritis, peptic ulcer, or gastrointestinal bleeding
Use with extreme caution in individuals with chronic liver failure,
alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic alcoholism and pancreatic
insufficiency
Pregnancy and
Breastfeeding:
Considered safe to use during this time at the recommended
daily dose. Higher dosing should only be under health
professional supervision
12. People who need this product
May be buying:
• Multivitamin or energy products to reduce fatigue
and lift their energy levels
• Supplements for PMS or pain medications due to
painful or heavy periods
• Pregnant or breast feeding and unable to take
Iron salts due to stomach irritation
• Companion CARBONYL IRON alongside at the
recommended dose
• If symptoms or blood loss are severe or ongoing
suggest they see their Doctor to check their iron
status
13. Summary: Why buy?
• CARBONYL IRON is 98% pure elemental Iron, is
highly absorbable and therefore gentle on the
stomach and is “pharmacy only” (no sales lost to
grocery)
• CARBONYL IRON is proven to be non-constipating
and has a long history of safe use in foods and
medicines
• The recommended dose of CARBONYL IRON is
one tablet daily, this provide 3/4 of the maximum
RDA in a single tablet
• CARBONYL IRON is cost effective and suitable for
most age groups and vegetarians (provided they
can swallow small tablets)
• CARBONYL IRON the only pharmacy only
carbonyl iron on the market
14. CONFIDENTIAL – MARCH
How else can we help?
IRON MELTS™
• Are an innovative Iron and vitamin supplement that
literally melts in your mouth.
• IRON MELTS™ have a pleasant tasting strawberry flavour, with no
Iron after-taste and are fun to take, which aids compliance
• IRON MELTS™ helps to establish Iron levels back to normal and
therefore avoid symptoms associated with anaemia.
• IRON MELTS™ also contain other vitamins that work alongside
Iron in the body that may be lacking in many people’s diets and are
important for general well being.
15. CONFIDENTIAL – MARCH
How does it work?
IRON MELTS™ melt in your mouth for fast absorption and contain:
• Ferrous Fumarate : Iron has many functions in the body, it supports energy
production, immune system function and is essential for the formation of
haemoglobin a special protein that allows red blood cells to carry oxygen
around the body
• Folic acid: is a B-complex vitamin, adults and children need folic acid to
make normal red blood cells and to prevent anaemia.
Folic Acid maintains new cells, is especially important during
pregnancy and growth during childhood, it also has many other
functions in the body.
Folic Acid is needed to make DNA and RNA - the building blocks
of our cells.
Folic acid is unstable and is destroyed easily by cooking.
16. CONFIDENTIAL – MARCH
How does it work? (continued)
• Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12): Vitamin B12 and folic acid work together
with iron to support many essential processes in the body.
Vitamin B12 helps maintain nerve and red blood cell health and is needed to
make DNA, the genetic material that tells our cells what to do.
• Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C): Vitamin C helps to increase the absorption of
iron from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood for use in the body.
20. CONFIDENTIAL – MARCH
People who need this product?
• Anyone, suitable for the whole
family
• Picky eaters, fast growing
children and adolescents
• Vegetarians, fad dieters,
athletes, men
• Women as a top-up, including
during pregnancy and breast
feeding (NOT for iron
deficiency).
• Companion alongside Multi-
Vitamin and Mineral products
for that extra daily top-up.
21. CONFIDENTIAL – MARCH
Summary: Why buy?
IRON MELTS™
• IRON MELTS™ are an innovative Iron and Vitamin supplement that
literally melts in your mouth – the most cost effective “pharmacy only”
family friendly daily Iron top-up
• IRON MELTS™ have a pleasant tasting strawberry flavour, with no Iron
after-taste, are fun to take and gentle on the system
• IRON MELTS™ helps to establish Iron levels back to normal and
therefore avoid symptoms associated with anaemia
• IRON MELTS™ contain other vitamins that work alongside Iron
and may be lacking in many people’s diets
• IRON MELTS™ are the #1 Iron Supplement in pharmacy (units)
with a good margin so you don’t have to lose repeat sales to
grocery.
22. Where Carbonyl Iron and Iron Melts Fit?
There are many different Iron supplements available
Carbonyl Iron Only
Top selling product
98% Pure Iron
Well absorbed
Does not contain Salts
For use in iron deficiency
anaemia
Does not cause constipation
Carbonyl Iron +
Cofactors
Contains co-factors
Suitable for all ages
non-constipating
Several forms of iron
deficiency anaemia
Daily Iron Top Up
Unique and great taste
Contains lower levels of
iron
Suitable for children (25%
of NZ Children are deficient
in iron)
Contains cofactors
23. Where Carbonyl Iron and Iron Melts fit?
(continued)
Each dose contains: IRON MELTS™ CARBONYL
IRON
IRON
BOOST
Iron (Ferrous Fumarate) 5mg
Iron (Carbonyl® Iron) 18mg 24mg
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) 50mg 50mg
Folic Acid 250mcg 300mcg
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) 10mcg 50mcg
Additional information:
Dosage format: chewable tablet capsule
Daily dose: 1 daily 1 daily 1 daily
Who can we help: Adults + Children
as an iron top-up
Adults
Iron deficiency
anaemia
Adults +Children*
Iron deficiency
+other anaemia’s
What is in it: Iron + Cofactors Iron Iron + Cofactors
* For Children capsules can be opened and the contents mixed with juice
24. Important information
• Food supplements are additional to, and not a replacement for a balanced diet.
• Always read the label, use as directed and do not exceed the recommended daily
dose.
• Pregnant or lactating women should consult their Doctor before taking supplements.
• Store supplements in a cool dry place out of reach of young children.