Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) is an extremely strong and light plastic which contains carbon fibers.
CFRPs can be expensive to produce but are commonly used wherever high strength-to-weight ratio and rigidity are required, such as aerospace, automotive increasing number of other consumer and technical applications.
The mechanical cutting process has all its limitations and problems. The laser cutting choice could be fundamental in order to overcome those limits: it is a non-contact tool without wear because of the long use, it is very flexible and it is a thermal process, no more a mechanical one
High machining speed along with mass quantity production can be achieved.
Composite materials have increased applications in many industries because of their excellent mechanical characteristics, such as strength-to-weight, stiffness-to-weight, corrosion resistance, fatigue and thermal expansion compared with metals. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials, among other fiber reinforced materials, have been increasingly replacing conventional materials with their excellent strength and low specific weight properties.
The presentation first discusses machinability of CFRP under traditional and nontraditional machining processes, then focuses on drilling and abrasive water jet machining processes.
In drilling process different of twist drills have been used, in order to examine the ability of high speed steel and explore carbide twist drill in drilling CFRP.
Abrasive water jet cutting process considered one of the most efficient cutting process done on CFRP, Slotting experiment has been done using AWJM and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to study and analyze the data of these experiment.
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) and other high strength composite materials offer designers a wide range of performance benefits. However, a major barrier to the use such materials is the cost and complexity of inspection. OnScale is capable of simulating ultrasonic wave propagation through complex CFRP laminates, allowing new inspections to be developed more rapidly. The complex CFRP weave is a highly complex structure that can be imported into OnScale to allow for acoustic inspection to be simulated.
An insight to modern material used in aircraft and automobile known for its low weight and high strength. This gives an understanding of carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP), its properties, applications, processing technologies.
Composite materials are becoming popular in various industries such as aerospace industry, automotive industry, and wind energy. We have seen global surge in the demand of composites particularly carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites, which has led to huge volume of manufacturing and end-of-life waste material. The most common way for disposing of composite waste is through landfills. However, current, and impending legislations such as Directive on Landfill of Waste, have limited the amount of composite waste permitted for landfilling. Also, for making of pristine carbon fiber requires high amount of energy if we compare it to other materials like steel and aluminium. This generates a need to find out a way to recycle and reuse the waste material or the end-of-life material in different sector applications. This study mainly focuses on the strength comparison of pristine(virgin) CFRP with recycled CFRP and conducting finite element analysis on some parts made from virgin and recycled material. Also, details about mechanical recycling, cost estimation for producing virgin material as well as for recycling the material must be taken into account.
Composite materials have increased applications in many industries because of their excellent mechanical characteristics, such as strength-to-weight, stiffness-to-weight, corrosion resistance, fatigue and thermal expansion compared with metals. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials, among other fiber reinforced materials, have been increasingly replacing conventional materials with their excellent strength and low specific weight properties.
The presentation first discusses machinability of CFRP under traditional and nontraditional machining processes, then focuses on drilling and abrasive water jet machining processes.
In drilling process different of twist drills have been used, in order to examine the ability of high speed steel and explore carbide twist drill in drilling CFRP.
Abrasive water jet cutting process considered one of the most efficient cutting process done on CFRP, Slotting experiment has been done using AWJM and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to study and analyze the data of these experiment.
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) and other high strength composite materials offer designers a wide range of performance benefits. However, a major barrier to the use such materials is the cost and complexity of inspection. OnScale is capable of simulating ultrasonic wave propagation through complex CFRP laminates, allowing new inspections to be developed more rapidly. The complex CFRP weave is a highly complex structure that can be imported into OnScale to allow for acoustic inspection to be simulated.
An insight to modern material used in aircraft and automobile known for its low weight and high strength. This gives an understanding of carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP), its properties, applications, processing technologies.
Composite materials are becoming popular in various industries such as aerospace industry, automotive industry, and wind energy. We have seen global surge in the demand of composites particularly carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites, which has led to huge volume of manufacturing and end-of-life waste material. The most common way for disposing of composite waste is through landfills. However, current, and impending legislations such as Directive on Landfill of Waste, have limited the amount of composite waste permitted for landfilling. Also, for making of pristine carbon fiber requires high amount of energy if we compare it to other materials like steel and aluminium. This generates a need to find out a way to recycle and reuse the waste material or the end-of-life material in different sector applications. This study mainly focuses on the strength comparison of pristine(virgin) CFRP with recycled CFRP and conducting finite element analysis on some parts made from virgin and recycled material. Also, details about mechanical recycling, cost estimation for producing virgin material as well as for recycling the material must be taken into account.
Mechanical Behaviour ofAl2014 Reinforced with Boron Carbide and Short Basalt ...IJERA Editor
The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of short Basalt Fiber and B4Con hardness and impact
strength of Al 2014 Composites. These AMCs with individual and multiple reinforcement (hybrid MMCs) are
finding increased applications in aerospace, automobile, space, underwater and transportation applications. An
effort is made to enhance the Hardness and Impact properties of AMCs by reinforcing Al2014 matrix with
Varying Proportion of Short basalt fiber and Boron carbide by stir casting method. Aluminum alloy matrix
varying proportions of boron carbide particulates and Short Basalt fibers were fabricated. The microstructure,
hardness and impact strength properties of the fabricated AMCs were analyzed. The optical microstructure study
revealed the homogeneous dispersion of B4C particles and Short Basalt fiber in the matrix. Based on the results
obtained from the Hardness and Impact of the metal matrix composites it is observed that, the hardness and
impact strength increases with increase in the amount of reinforcement‘s.
FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP) & SYNTHETIC RUBBERChandana R
FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP)
A type of plastic in which the strength of low strength plastic
material is increased by means of high strength of fibers.
COMPOSITION, USE, TYPES, PROPERTIES, APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES, DIS-ADVANTAGES
SYNTHETIC RUBBER
A man-made rubber which is produced in
manufacturing plants by synthesizing it from petroleum and other minerals.
USES, PROPERTIES, APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES, DIS-ADVANTAGES
What is a Fiber?
Why are Fibres are used?
What is Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC)?
Steel fibers
Glass Fibers
Carbon Fiber
Cellulose Fiber
Polypropylene Fibers
Synthetic fibers
NATURAL FIBERS
Factors affecting the Properties of FRC
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS.
Mechanical Behaviour ofAl2014 Reinforced with Boron Carbide and Short Basalt ...IJERA Editor
The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of short Basalt Fiber and B4Con hardness and impact
strength of Al 2014 Composites. These AMCs with individual and multiple reinforcement (hybrid MMCs) are
finding increased applications in aerospace, automobile, space, underwater and transportation applications. An
effort is made to enhance the Hardness and Impact properties of AMCs by reinforcing Al2014 matrix with
Varying Proportion of Short basalt fiber and Boron carbide by stir casting method. Aluminum alloy matrix
varying proportions of boron carbide particulates and Short Basalt fibers were fabricated. The microstructure,
hardness and impact strength properties of the fabricated AMCs were analyzed. The optical microstructure study
revealed the homogeneous dispersion of B4C particles and Short Basalt fiber in the matrix. Based on the results
obtained from the Hardness and Impact of the metal matrix composites it is observed that, the hardness and
impact strength increases with increase in the amount of reinforcement‘s.
FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP) & SYNTHETIC RUBBERChandana R
FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC (FRP)
A type of plastic in which the strength of low strength plastic
material is increased by means of high strength of fibers.
COMPOSITION, USE, TYPES, PROPERTIES, APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES, DIS-ADVANTAGES
SYNTHETIC RUBBER
A man-made rubber which is produced in
manufacturing plants by synthesizing it from petroleum and other minerals.
USES, PROPERTIES, APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES, DIS-ADVANTAGES
What is a Fiber?
Why are Fibres are used?
What is Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC)?
Steel fibers
Glass Fibers
Carbon Fiber
Cellulose Fiber
Polypropylene Fibers
Synthetic fibers
NATURAL FIBERS
Factors affecting the Properties of FRC
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS.
Presentation of the re-use and remanufacturing of metals components in CarE-Service Project during the First Exploitation Webinar of the project held on 9th December 2020 by Fraunhofer
Currently composites are being used to replace conventional metallic materials in a wide range of industries including aerospace, aircraft and defense which require structural materials with high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios.
GFRP composites are used in fairings, passenger compartments, and storage room doors due to their high mechanical properties. Out of all the machining operations, most commonly used operation is drilling.
But drilling of these composite materials, irrespective of the application area can be considered a critical operation, owing to their tendency to delaminate when subjected to mechanical stresses
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Today, in the industry of aluminum, the D. C. casting of billets and slabs is playing the major role. The producers of these slabs and billets are many. The end users of the product are OEMs. The degassing technology for producing these aluminum slabs and billets is provided by very few. There are two types of degassing methods currently in use. One of these, vacuum degassing, is used primarily in the steel industry and thus not generally used in the aluminum industry. The second method, generally employed in the aluminum industry, is rotary degassing, which uses finely dispersed argon, chlorine, fluorine to remove dissolved hydrogen and various salts from melt. The challenges associated with producing aluminum are reducing porosity due to hydrogen precipitation during casting through degassing processes; which generates detrimental effects on mechanical properties of alloy castings and removing impurities like; the Ca, Mg salts etc. from the molten metal. Looking at the degassing systems provided by these players, are going to be obsolete as the environment norms will become stricter in the next decade, because of the use of Fluorine and Chlorine for removing the Ca, Mg, etc. impurities from the molten metal as the ozone layer is getting depleted and process becomes more cumbersome and hazardous. So, the innovation in the technology is needed; which leads research interest on development of the ultrasonic degassing as a better option. During this research authors would be using ultrasonic technology over existing technology to compare the results of conventional degasser units available in the market such as LARSTM, SNIFTM, STASTM - ACDTM, AlpurTM, MDUTM etc., and would be finding out the better operating parameters of ultrasonic equipment for the process for replacement of Fluorine and Chlorine based old technology with Ultrasonic Technology. This research paper should underpin improvement in the process and hence improved hardness of material by elimination of the fluorine and chlorine usage by replacing it with ultrasonic technology with suitable mechanical design, metallurgical criteria and thermal analysis consideration. During the entire research and development authors had carried out various operations like Research on thermal and metallurgical behavior of the molten metal and alloys, Comparison of results achieved using ultrasonic technique over existing technique, Formulation of conclusion; making ultrasonic technique a proven technology, and Identifying the further scope of research and development. With the experiments carried out, authors found significant improvement in hardness of the material produced by ultrasonic degassing as compared with the hardness of material produced by conventional degassing.
Influence of Ion Beam and Carbon Black Filler Type on the Mechanical and Phys...Editor IJCATR
Five types of carbon black nanofillers, namely Intermediate Super-Abrasion Furnace ISAF (N220), High-Abrasion Furnace
HAF-LS (N326), Fast Extruding Furnace FEF (N550), General Purpose Furnace GPF (N660) and Semi-Reinforcing Furnace SRF-HS
(N774) were incorporated with butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR) in order to improve its physical properties. Young's modulus was
found to increase with nanofiller content. Percolation concentration was detected in mechanical as well as in Physico-chemical behavior.
The experimental values of the normalized Young's modulus fit well with Pukanszky et al. model; taking into consideration the difference
in carbon black-filler type. It is noticed that the characteristic time of swelling in toluene, τ is higher for NBR loaded with 30 phr ISAF
and for the rest of samples it increases with increasing of particle size. Finally oxygen ion beam irradiation for percolative loading NBR
nanocomposites increases Young's modulus nearly by 2-3 times.
Today, in the industry of aluminum, the D. C. casting of billets and slabs is playing the major role. The producers of these slabs and billets are many. The end users of the product are OEMs. The degassing technology for producing these aluminum slabs and billets is provided by very few. There are two types of degassing methods currently in use. One of these, vacuum degassing, is used primarily in the steel industry and thus not generally used in the aluminum industry. The second method, generally employed in the aluminum industry, is rotary degassing, which uses finely dispersed argon, chlorine, fluorine to remove dissolved hydrogen and various salts from melt. The challenges associated with producing aluminum are reducing porosity due to hydrogen precipitation during casting through degassing processes; which generates detrimental effects on mechanical properties of alloy castings and removing impurities like; the Ca, Mg salts etc. from the molten metal. Looking at the degassing systems provided by these players, are going to be obsolete as the environment norms will become stricter in the next decade, because of the use of Fluorine and Chlorine for removing the Ca, Mg, etc. impurities from the molten metal as the ozone layer is getting depleted and process becomes more cumbersome and hazardous. So, the innovation in the technology is needed; which leads research interest on development of the ultrasonic degassing as a better option. During this research authors would be using ultrasonic technology over existing technology to compare the results of conventional degasser units available in the market such as LARSTM, SNIFTM, STASTM - ACDTM, AlpurTM, MDUTM etc., and would be finding out the better operating parameters of ultrasonic equipment for the process for replacement of Fluorine and Chlorine based old technology with Ultrasonic Technology. This research paper should underpin improvement in the process and hence improved hardness of material by elimination of the fluorine and chlorine usage by replacing it with ultrasonic technology with suitable mechanical design, metallurgical criteria and thermal analysis consideration. During the entire research and development authors had carried out various operations like Research on thermal and metallurgical behavior of the molten metal and alloys, Comparison of results achieved using ultrasonic technique over existing technique, Formulation of conclusion; making ultrasonic technique a proven technology, and Identifying the further scope of research and development. With the experiments carried out, authors found significant improvement in hardness of the material produced by ultrasonic degassing as compared with the hardness of material produced by conventional degassing.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics & Its Laser Cutting
1. “Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics & Its Laser
Cutting”
Presented By
Mr.shubham chaugale
Under the Guidance of
Prof. S. S. Mantati
Department of Mechanical Engineering
UNIVERSAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
RESEARCH, PUNE
2. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) is an extremely strong
and light plastic which contains carbon fibers.
CFRPs can be expensive to produce but are commonly used
wherever high strength-to-weight ratio and rigidity are required, such
as aerospace, automotive increasing number of other consumer and
technical applications.
The mechanical cutting process has all its limitations and problems.
The laser cutting choice could be fundamental in order to overcome
those limits: it is a non-contact tool without wear because of the long
use, it is very flexible and it is a thermal process, no more a
mechanical one
High machining speed along with mass quantity production can be
achieved
3.
4. To curb many problems still related with laser
cutting process, making possible the industrial
implementation in CFRP production chain.
To avoid the Heat conduction losses in laser
cutting operation.
To reduce the unwanted emissions from the Laser
Cutting of CFRPs.
To reduce weight of mechanical components.
Lower the manufacturing Cost.
To increase capacity of Laser cutting to high
thickness material over 6mm thickness.
5. The biggest challenge with respect to CFRP parts is the realization of an
economically efficient processing.
As matrix and reinforcement materials have vastly different thermophysical
and chemical properties, the matrix is evaporated and decomposed much
faster than the carbon fibers, which causes distinctive Heat-affected zones
(HAZs)
Emission of fumes and organic gases, influenced by various material and
process parameters. The composition of these process emissions is
complex, and they may contain a significant amount of toxic or even
carcinogenic (leading to cancer)components
6. Furthermore, a lot of ultrafine particles, having the
potential to be incorporated into the pulmonary alveoli,
may be generated
The fumes contain fibrous particles which may behave
similar to asbestos fibers in the lung tissue due to their
geometry.
7. The exposure limit values for hazardous substances in the air
at the workplace are listed in the technical rule TRGS 900
(2014).
The values have to be met by adequate measures, starting
from technical measures to reduce hazardous substances
,preventing access to the working area.
Available instrumentation, such as flame ionization detection,
infrared sensor technology, electrical low-pressure cascade
impaction, and scanning electron microscopy.
9. While body panels and hang-on parts usually have a thickness between 0.8 and 1.5
mm, structural car body parts often feature areas of increased thicknesses above 6
mm.
Theyare often manufactured with an inner shape and an outer shape thatare then
glued together resulting in an increased final part thickness.
Nearly all CFRP parts need to be trimmed to their final shape.
Therefore,a cutting process should ideally be able to efficiently cut thinner parts but
should at the same time also be capable of cutting thicker areas.
10. Comparing the processing speed of different cutting processes – milling, abrasive
water jet cutting and laser cutting – with respect to the material thickness.
Obviously, laser cutting is an attractive alternative for cutting thin materials up to
around 5–6mm,where approaches using high power lasers.
Higher process speeds than milling and water jet cutting.
Using a remote cutting approach further increases the possible speed for a given laser
power.
11.
12. Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) show high
potential for use in lightweight applications not only in
aircraft design, but also in the automotive or wind energy
in
large parts of different aircrafts are made from CFRP
(e.g. Airbus A350XWB), helping to reduce fossil fuel and
energy consumption.
Increasing interest in such CFPR materials is noticed in
the automotive industry,(e.g. Volkswagen XL1) as well as
by the efforts of major automotive companies to
implement CFRP into their series production (e.g. BMW
i3 or Audi R8 GT).
13. Nowadays, relevant applications can also
be found in the wind energy industry (rotor
blades with structure-reinforcing CFRP
parts)
The sports segment (bicycle frames, tennis
rackets, canoe paddles, or hulls and masts
in boatbuilding).
14.
15. This study is focused to the feasibility of fiber laser beam cutting
process to composite parts. CFRP plates of 4 kind thicknesses were
prepared, and proper cutting condition for each panel was examined,
then effect of the heat affected zone by cutting on strength was
examined by flexure test. There are some reports to discuss the
application of laser to cutting of FRP plate, however most of studies
concerns about the application of CO2 laser and YAG laser etc.
Case Study On Laser Cutting
& CFRP
For the laser cutting experiments, CFRP samples of b = 3.5 mm
thickness with thermosetting epoxy matrix
(CF-Epoxy) and b = 2.2 mm with thermoplastic polyphenylene
sulfide matrix.
16. The experiments were performed using a new 1.5 kW single-mode
continuous-wave fiber laser system (type FL015C, ROFIN-SINAR
Laser GmbH, Hamburg, Germany). The radiation was guided
through an optical fibre to a galvanometer scanner , equipped with
an F-Theta plane-field lens providing a focal length of 340 mm,
resulting in a focal diameter of approximately 70 μm. Using this
scanner, quadratic contours of 20 x 20 mm2 with rounded edges,
corresponding to contour lengths of 71.4 mm, were generated on the
work piece surface.
17. I. Very high speed cutting of thick CFRP plate could be conducted
by fiber laser. Its speed was over one order higher than that of
mechanical cutting.
II. Width of heat affected zone mainly depended on cutting speed
and decreased with increase of cutting speed.
III. Flexural strength was recovered to as received condition if heat
affected zone was sufficiently removed.
Conclusion of case study
18. Choosing an optimized cutting strategy for these materials, i.e. multipass
cutting with additional breaks to allow for sufficiently long intermediate
cooling-down phases of the material, helps not only to improve the cutting
qualities considerably, but also to reduce the hazardous emissions.
Filtering the exhaust air with a surface filter to remove the aerosols, and then
with an activated charcoal filter to absorb the VOCs and the carbon
monoxide, ensures protection of the environment adequately.
Catalytic cleaning appears to be a promising alternative, as all components
of the composite materials can potentially be transformed to less hazardous
substances such as CO2 and H2O and thus no hazardous residuals have to
be dealt with.
19. [1] Faraz, A.; Biermann, D.; Weinert, K.: Cutting edge rounding: An
innovative tool wear criterion in drilling CFRP composite laminates.
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 49 (2009) 15, pp.
1185–1196.
[2] Folkes, J.: Waterjet—An innovative tool for manufacturing. Journal of
Materials Processing Technology 209 (2009) 20, pp. 6181–6189.
[3] Shanmugam, D.; Nguyen, T.; Wang, J.: A study of delamination on
graphite/epoxy composites in abrasive waterjet machining. Composites
Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 39 (2008) 6, pp. 923–929.
[4] Shanmugam, D.; Chen, F.; Siores, E.; Brandt, M.: Comparative study
of jetting machining technologies over laser machining technology for
cutting composite materials. Composite Structures 57 (2002) Issues 1-4,
pp. 289–296.
[5] C. Leone, N. P. de: Solid state Nd:YAG laser cutting of CFRP sheet:
influence of process parameters on kerf geometry
and HAZ. (Hrsg.)