This document contains 31 multiple choice questions about capacitance and capacitors. The questions cover topics such as calculating capacitance using plate area and separation, combining capacitors in series and parallel, determining charge distribution, and more. Only one answer is correct for each question. Test takers have approximately 2 minutes to answer each question.
Understand the physical mechanism of convection and its classification.
Visualize the development of velocity and thermal boundary layers during flow over surfaces.
Gain a working knowledge of the dimensionless Reynolds, Prandtl, and Nusselt numbers.
Distinguish between laminar and turbulent flows, and gain an understanding of the mechanisms of momentum and heat transfer in turbulent flow.
Derive the differential equations that govern convection on the basis of mass, momentum, and energy balances, and solve these equations for some simple cases such as laminar flow over a flat plate.
Non dimensionalize the convection equations and obtain the functional forms of friction and heat transfer coefficients.
Use analogies between momentum and heat transfer, and determine heat transfer coefficient from knowledge of friction coefficient.
This document discusses boundary layer development. It begins by defining boundary layers and describing the velocity profile near a surface. As distance from the leading edge increases, the boundary layer thickness grows due to viscous forces slowing fluid particles. The boundary layer then transitions from laminar to turbulent. Turbulent boundary layers have a logarithmic velocity profile and thicker boundary layer compared to laminar. Pressure gradients and surface roughness also impact boundary layer development and transition.
1) The document discusses fluid kinematics, which deals with the motion of fluids without considering the forces that create motion. It covers topics like velocity fields, acceleration fields, control volumes, and flow visualization techniques.
2) There are two main descriptions of fluid motion - Lagrangian, which follows individual particles, and Eulerian, which observes the flow at fixed points in space. Most practical analysis uses the Eulerian description.
3) The Reynolds Transport Theorem allows equations written for a fluid system to be applied to a fixed control volume, which is useful for analyzing forces on objects in a flow. It relates the time rate of change of an extensive property within the control volume to surface fluxes and the property accumulation.
Mechanical separations methods include sieves or membranes that retain one component while allowing another to pass. Screening separates particles based on size alone using screens with different sized openings. The efficiency and capacity of a screen involves balancing how well it separates materials versus the mass it can process. Filtration separates solids from liquids by passing a suspension through a permeable filter medium, with different mechanisms including surface filtration that forms a filter cake and depth filtration within the filter medium.
Engineering Thermodynamics-Basic concepts 1Mani Vannan M
Engineering thermodynamics covers basic concepts including:
1) The continuum approach views matter as a continuous substance rather than discrete atoms, allowing properties to vary continuously through space.
2) Macroscopic and microscopic approaches differ in whether properties are averaged or describe individual molecules.
3) Path functions like work and heat depend on process, while point functions like volume depend only on state.
4) Intensive properties are independent of system size, while extensive properties depend on size.
This document summarizes different types of fluid flow, including:
- Steady and unsteady flow
- Laminar and turbulent flow
- Compressible and incompressible flow
- One, two, and three dimensional flows
It defines each type of flow and provides examples to explain the differences between steady and unsteady flow, laminar and turbulent flow, and compressible and incompressible flow.
Recycling operations return a portion of the exit stream from a process unit back to its entrance to maximize the utilization of valuable reactants, improve performance, and conserve heat. Common applications of recycling include returning distillate or catalyst back to distillation columns or reactors. Recycling improves selectivity and rate of reactions while minimizing byproducts and losses. A purge stream is also often used to prevent the buildup of inert components in a recycling loop.
This document provides information about bucket elevators, including their function, components, types, advantages, and industries that rely on them. Bucket elevators are used to vertically transport bulk materials like grain or fertilizer. They consist of buckets attached to an endless belt or chain to carry the material, with drive mechanisms and loading/unloading components. Common types include centrifugal discharge, continuous discharge, and positive discharge elevators. Bucket elevators provide large conveying capacity, smooth material transport, reliability, and ability to lift materials high with low power requirements. Industries that commonly use bucket elevators include grain, cement, fertilizer, mining, and construction.
Understand the physical mechanism of convection and its classification.
Visualize the development of velocity and thermal boundary layers during flow over surfaces.
Gain a working knowledge of the dimensionless Reynolds, Prandtl, and Nusselt numbers.
Distinguish between laminar and turbulent flows, and gain an understanding of the mechanisms of momentum and heat transfer in turbulent flow.
Derive the differential equations that govern convection on the basis of mass, momentum, and energy balances, and solve these equations for some simple cases such as laminar flow over a flat plate.
Non dimensionalize the convection equations and obtain the functional forms of friction and heat transfer coefficients.
Use analogies between momentum and heat transfer, and determine heat transfer coefficient from knowledge of friction coefficient.
This document discusses boundary layer development. It begins by defining boundary layers and describing the velocity profile near a surface. As distance from the leading edge increases, the boundary layer thickness grows due to viscous forces slowing fluid particles. The boundary layer then transitions from laminar to turbulent. Turbulent boundary layers have a logarithmic velocity profile and thicker boundary layer compared to laminar. Pressure gradients and surface roughness also impact boundary layer development and transition.
1) The document discusses fluid kinematics, which deals with the motion of fluids without considering the forces that create motion. It covers topics like velocity fields, acceleration fields, control volumes, and flow visualization techniques.
2) There are two main descriptions of fluid motion - Lagrangian, which follows individual particles, and Eulerian, which observes the flow at fixed points in space. Most practical analysis uses the Eulerian description.
3) The Reynolds Transport Theorem allows equations written for a fluid system to be applied to a fixed control volume, which is useful for analyzing forces on objects in a flow. It relates the time rate of change of an extensive property within the control volume to surface fluxes and the property accumulation.
Mechanical separations methods include sieves or membranes that retain one component while allowing another to pass. Screening separates particles based on size alone using screens with different sized openings. The efficiency and capacity of a screen involves balancing how well it separates materials versus the mass it can process. Filtration separates solids from liquids by passing a suspension through a permeable filter medium, with different mechanisms including surface filtration that forms a filter cake and depth filtration within the filter medium.
Engineering Thermodynamics-Basic concepts 1Mani Vannan M
Engineering thermodynamics covers basic concepts including:
1) The continuum approach views matter as a continuous substance rather than discrete atoms, allowing properties to vary continuously through space.
2) Macroscopic and microscopic approaches differ in whether properties are averaged or describe individual molecules.
3) Path functions like work and heat depend on process, while point functions like volume depend only on state.
4) Intensive properties are independent of system size, while extensive properties depend on size.
This document summarizes different types of fluid flow, including:
- Steady and unsteady flow
- Laminar and turbulent flow
- Compressible and incompressible flow
- One, two, and three dimensional flows
It defines each type of flow and provides examples to explain the differences between steady and unsteady flow, laminar and turbulent flow, and compressible and incompressible flow.
Recycling operations return a portion of the exit stream from a process unit back to its entrance to maximize the utilization of valuable reactants, improve performance, and conserve heat. Common applications of recycling include returning distillate or catalyst back to distillation columns or reactors. Recycling improves selectivity and rate of reactions while minimizing byproducts and losses. A purge stream is also often used to prevent the buildup of inert components in a recycling loop.
This document provides information about bucket elevators, including their function, components, types, advantages, and industries that rely on them. Bucket elevators are used to vertically transport bulk materials like grain or fertilizer. They consist of buckets attached to an endless belt or chain to carry the material, with drive mechanisms and loading/unloading components. Common types include centrifugal discharge, continuous discharge, and positive discharge elevators. Bucket elevators provide large conveying capacity, smooth material transport, reliability, and ability to lift materials high with low power requirements. Industries that commonly use bucket elevators include grain, cement, fertilizer, mining, and construction.
Diploma mechanical iv hhm u i introduction to fluidlavmaheshwari28
This document provides an introduction to fluids and their properties. It defines different types of fluids including liquids, gases, and ideal fluids. It describes key fluid properties such as viscosity, compressibility, specific weight, and capillary action. Viscosity is defined as a fluid's resistance to internal shear stresses, while compressibility refers to how easily a fluid can be compressed. Capillary action explains how fluids behave in narrow spaces due to adhesion and cohesion between fluid molecules. Real world applications of these concepts are also discussed.
This document contains 77 multiple choice questions about hydraulics and fluid mechanics. The questions cover topics such as properties of fluids, fluid statics, fluid dynamics, fluid flow, pressure measurement, fluid properties including density, specific gravity, viscosity, surface tension, and fluid flow measurement devices. The correct answers are provided after each question.
This document discusses fluid flow, including definitions, types of flow, and factors affecting flow. It defines laminar and turbulent flow, and notes laminar flow is smooth while turbulent flow is disorganized. Pressure, radius, length, viscosity, density, and temperature can impact flow. Clinical applications of flow include devices like rotameters and measurements of breathing.
This document defines and provides formulas for several dimensionless numbers that are used in engineering calculations involving fluid flow and heat transfer. It discusses the Reynolds number (Re), Prandtl number (Pr), Nusselt number (Nu), Grashof number, Biot number (Bi), Fourier number (Fo), Lewis number (Le), and Mach number (Ma). For each number, it provides the definition and explains what physical phenomenon or calculation the number relates to or can be used for.
thermodynamics introduction & first lawAshish Mishra
This document provides an overview of thermodynamics and the first law. It discusses key concepts like state, path, cycle, boundary work, heat transfer, internal energy, and enthalpy. Several thermodynamic processes are defined including isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic. Joule's experiment is described which proved that energy is a property of the system. The first law of thermodynamics is introduced as the quantitative expression of the law of conservation of energy as it applies to thermodynamic processes.
This document provides an overview of fans and blowers used in industrial processes. It describes the main types of fans which include centrifugal and axial fans. Centrifugal fans work by increasing the speed of an air stream with a rotating impeller and can produce high pressures. Axial fans move an air stream along the fan's axis similar to a propeller. The document also discusses blowers which can achieve higher pressures than fans and includes centrifugal and positive displacement blowers. It provides details on evaluating fan performance and efficiency which depends on the fan type and flow rate.
This document discusses fluid statics and pressure measurement. It defines concepts like absolute pressure, gauge pressure, atmospheric pressure, and Pascal's law. It describes devices used to measure pressure like manometers, piezometers, and Bourdon gauges. Specifically, it provides details on how liquid manometers and differential manometers work, including the principles, setup, and equations to calculate pressure. It also lists the advantages and limitations of using manometers for pressure measurement applications.
This document discusses various topics related to fluid mechanics including:
1. Fluid statics, hydrostatic pressure variation, and Pascal's law.
2. Different types of pressures like atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure, vacuum pressure, and absolute pressure.
3. The hydrostatic paradox and how pressure intensity is independent of the weight of fluid.
4. Different types of manometers used to measure pressure like piezometers, U-tube manometers, single column manometers, differential manometers, and inverted U-tube differential manometers.
5. How bourdon tubes and diaphragm/bellows gauges can be used to measure pressure by converting pressure differences into mechanical displacements.
Thermodynamics deals with energy transformation between heat and work. A system is a specified region being studied, and can be open or closed to matter flow. The surroundings are outside the system boundary. A process is a change in a substance's state. A cycle occurs when the initial and final states are the same. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted between forms.
This document provides an overview of mass transfer and diffusion. It begins with definitions of mass transfer and examples of mass transfer processes. It then discusses various topics related to mass transfer, including:
- Classification of mass transfer operations based on the phases in contact
- Mechanisms of convective and diffusive mass transfer
- The mass transfer coefficient and different types of mass transfer coefficients
- Dimensionless groups used in mass transfer like the Sherwood number
- Theories of mass transfer including the film theory and penetration theory
It provides explanations of key concepts in mass transfer and diffusion, along with relevant equations. The document serves as a reference for various fundamental aspects of mass transfer.
This chapter introduces concepts related to fluid mechanics including definitions, properties, and units. It defines a fluid as a substance that flows under shear stress and can be a liquid or gas. Properties like density, specific weight, viscosity, and specific gravity are discussed. Density is defined as mass per unit volume and varies between different fluids. Viscosity describes a fluid's resistance to flow and can vary significantly between fluids. Finally, it distinguishes between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on whether viscosity depends on shear rate.
This document discusses fluid kinematics, which is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with the geometry and motion of fluids without considering forces. It defines key concepts like acceleration fields, Lagrangian and Eulerian methods of describing motion, types of flow such as laminar vs turbulent and steady vs unsteady, streamlines vs pathlines vs streaklines, circulation and vorticity, and analytical tools like the stream function and velocity potential function. Flow nets are introduced as a way to graphically study two-dimensional irrotational flows using a grid of intersecting streamlines and equipotential lines.
This document discusses molecular diffusion in gases through three parts. Part I introduces concepts like mass transfer, diffusion, convection and Fick's laws of diffusion. It also defines terms like mass concentration, molar concentration, mass fraction and mole fraction. Part II discusses different types of diffusion like equimolar counter diffusion and diffusion with convection. It also covers diffusion through varying cross-sectional areas. Part III describes experimental methods to determine diffusion coefficients for gases through experiments using two vessels connected by a capillary tube. It also briefly discusses multicomponent diffusion and mass transfer coefficients.
This document contains slides on transient heat conduction from a lecture. It discusses lumped system analysis where the internal conduction resistance is negligible compared to the surface convection resistance. For lumped systems, the temperature at any point in the solid varies only with time. It introduces the Biot and Fourier numbers which are used to determine if lumped system analysis can be applied for a given solid geometry and time. The temperature distribution equation for lumped systems is presented.
This document provides an introduction to fluid mechanics. It begins with definitions of mechanics, statics, dynamics, and fluid mechanics. It then discusses different categories of fluid mechanics including fluid statics, fluid kinematics, fluid dynamics, hydrodynamics, hydraulics, gas dynamics, and aerodynamics. The document also defines what a fluid is, discusses the properties of fluids including density, specific weight, specific volume, and specific gravity. It concludes by explaining viscosity, kinematic viscosity, and Newton's law of viscosity.
This document provides an overview of belt drives for power transmission. It defines a belt as a flexible loop used to link rotating shafts. Belts transmit power efficiently and can accommodate shafts that are not axially aligned. The document outlines the advantages of belts, such as being cheap, vibration-free, and tolerant of misalignment. It also notes some disadvantages like varying angular velocity. Different types of belts are described, including flat belts, V-belts, timing belts, and others. Key factors in belt selection and design are also summarized.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
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# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
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The document contains 31 multiple choice questions related to capacitors and electric fields. The questions cover topics such as calculating electric field strength, capacitor capacitance when dielectrics are present, determining charge distributions in circuits containing multiple capacitors, and combining capacitors in series and parallel.
With this mantra success is sure to come your way. At APEX INSTITUTE we strive our best to realize the Alchemist's dream of turning 'base metal' into 'gold'.
Diploma mechanical iv hhm u i introduction to fluidlavmaheshwari28
This document provides an introduction to fluids and their properties. It defines different types of fluids including liquids, gases, and ideal fluids. It describes key fluid properties such as viscosity, compressibility, specific weight, and capillary action. Viscosity is defined as a fluid's resistance to internal shear stresses, while compressibility refers to how easily a fluid can be compressed. Capillary action explains how fluids behave in narrow spaces due to adhesion and cohesion between fluid molecules. Real world applications of these concepts are also discussed.
This document contains 77 multiple choice questions about hydraulics and fluid mechanics. The questions cover topics such as properties of fluids, fluid statics, fluid dynamics, fluid flow, pressure measurement, fluid properties including density, specific gravity, viscosity, surface tension, and fluid flow measurement devices. The correct answers are provided after each question.
This document discusses fluid flow, including definitions, types of flow, and factors affecting flow. It defines laminar and turbulent flow, and notes laminar flow is smooth while turbulent flow is disorganized. Pressure, radius, length, viscosity, density, and temperature can impact flow. Clinical applications of flow include devices like rotameters and measurements of breathing.
This document defines and provides formulas for several dimensionless numbers that are used in engineering calculations involving fluid flow and heat transfer. It discusses the Reynolds number (Re), Prandtl number (Pr), Nusselt number (Nu), Grashof number, Biot number (Bi), Fourier number (Fo), Lewis number (Le), and Mach number (Ma). For each number, it provides the definition and explains what physical phenomenon or calculation the number relates to or can be used for.
thermodynamics introduction & first lawAshish Mishra
This document provides an overview of thermodynamics and the first law. It discusses key concepts like state, path, cycle, boundary work, heat transfer, internal energy, and enthalpy. Several thermodynamic processes are defined including isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic. Joule's experiment is described which proved that energy is a property of the system. The first law of thermodynamics is introduced as the quantitative expression of the law of conservation of energy as it applies to thermodynamic processes.
This document provides an overview of fans and blowers used in industrial processes. It describes the main types of fans which include centrifugal and axial fans. Centrifugal fans work by increasing the speed of an air stream with a rotating impeller and can produce high pressures. Axial fans move an air stream along the fan's axis similar to a propeller. The document also discusses blowers which can achieve higher pressures than fans and includes centrifugal and positive displacement blowers. It provides details on evaluating fan performance and efficiency which depends on the fan type and flow rate.
This document discusses fluid statics and pressure measurement. It defines concepts like absolute pressure, gauge pressure, atmospheric pressure, and Pascal's law. It describes devices used to measure pressure like manometers, piezometers, and Bourdon gauges. Specifically, it provides details on how liquid manometers and differential manometers work, including the principles, setup, and equations to calculate pressure. It also lists the advantages and limitations of using manometers for pressure measurement applications.
This document discusses various topics related to fluid mechanics including:
1. Fluid statics, hydrostatic pressure variation, and Pascal's law.
2. Different types of pressures like atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure, vacuum pressure, and absolute pressure.
3. The hydrostatic paradox and how pressure intensity is independent of the weight of fluid.
4. Different types of manometers used to measure pressure like piezometers, U-tube manometers, single column manometers, differential manometers, and inverted U-tube differential manometers.
5. How bourdon tubes and diaphragm/bellows gauges can be used to measure pressure by converting pressure differences into mechanical displacements.
Thermodynamics deals with energy transformation between heat and work. A system is a specified region being studied, and can be open or closed to matter flow. The surroundings are outside the system boundary. A process is a change in a substance's state. A cycle occurs when the initial and final states are the same. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted between forms.
This document provides an overview of mass transfer and diffusion. It begins with definitions of mass transfer and examples of mass transfer processes. It then discusses various topics related to mass transfer, including:
- Classification of mass transfer operations based on the phases in contact
- Mechanisms of convective and diffusive mass transfer
- The mass transfer coefficient and different types of mass transfer coefficients
- Dimensionless groups used in mass transfer like the Sherwood number
- Theories of mass transfer including the film theory and penetration theory
It provides explanations of key concepts in mass transfer and diffusion, along with relevant equations. The document serves as a reference for various fundamental aspects of mass transfer.
This chapter introduces concepts related to fluid mechanics including definitions, properties, and units. It defines a fluid as a substance that flows under shear stress and can be a liquid or gas. Properties like density, specific weight, viscosity, and specific gravity are discussed. Density is defined as mass per unit volume and varies between different fluids. Viscosity describes a fluid's resistance to flow and can vary significantly between fluids. Finally, it distinguishes between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on whether viscosity depends on shear rate.
This document discusses fluid kinematics, which is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with the geometry and motion of fluids without considering forces. It defines key concepts like acceleration fields, Lagrangian and Eulerian methods of describing motion, types of flow such as laminar vs turbulent and steady vs unsteady, streamlines vs pathlines vs streaklines, circulation and vorticity, and analytical tools like the stream function and velocity potential function. Flow nets are introduced as a way to graphically study two-dimensional irrotational flows using a grid of intersecting streamlines and equipotential lines.
This document discusses molecular diffusion in gases through three parts. Part I introduces concepts like mass transfer, diffusion, convection and Fick's laws of diffusion. It also defines terms like mass concentration, molar concentration, mass fraction and mole fraction. Part II discusses different types of diffusion like equimolar counter diffusion and diffusion with convection. It also covers diffusion through varying cross-sectional areas. Part III describes experimental methods to determine diffusion coefficients for gases through experiments using two vessels connected by a capillary tube. It also briefly discusses multicomponent diffusion and mass transfer coefficients.
This document contains slides on transient heat conduction from a lecture. It discusses lumped system analysis where the internal conduction resistance is negligible compared to the surface convection resistance. For lumped systems, the temperature at any point in the solid varies only with time. It introduces the Biot and Fourier numbers which are used to determine if lumped system analysis can be applied for a given solid geometry and time. The temperature distribution equation for lumped systems is presented.
This document provides an introduction to fluid mechanics. It begins with definitions of mechanics, statics, dynamics, and fluid mechanics. It then discusses different categories of fluid mechanics including fluid statics, fluid kinematics, fluid dynamics, hydrodynamics, hydraulics, gas dynamics, and aerodynamics. The document also defines what a fluid is, discusses the properties of fluids including density, specific weight, specific volume, and specific gravity. It concludes by explaining viscosity, kinematic viscosity, and Newton's law of viscosity.
This document provides an overview of belt drives for power transmission. It defines a belt as a flexible loop used to link rotating shafts. Belts transmit power efficiently and can accommodate shafts that are not axially aligned. The document outlines the advantages of belts, such as being cheap, vibration-free, and tolerant of misalignment. It also notes some disadvantages like varying angular velocity. Different types of belts are described, including flat belts, V-belts, timing belts, and others. Key factors in belt selection and design are also summarized.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
The document contains 31 multiple choice questions related to capacitors and electric fields. The questions cover topics such as calculating electric field strength, capacitor capacitance when dielectrics are present, determining charge distributions in circuits containing multiple capacitors, and combining capacitors in series and parallel.
With this mantra success is sure to come your way. At APEX INSTITUTE we strive our best to realize the Alchemist's dream of turning 'base metal' into 'gold'.
A capacitor stores electric charge between two conducting parallel plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. When a switch is closed to connect the capacitor to a power supply, electrons are repelled from the negative plate and attracted to the positive plate, building up opposite charges on each plate. This stored charge results in an electric field within the dielectric and a potential difference between the plates. The capacitor can then maintain this stored charge even after the switch is opened, until the capacitor is discharged.
The document describes the basic operation and construction of a capacitor. A capacitor consists of two conducting parallel plates separated by an insulating material called the dielectric. When a switch is closed, electrons are repelled from the negative plate and attracted to the positive plate, building up opposite charges on each plate. The stored charge remains when the switch is opened due to the conduction block of the dielectric. Capacitance is directly proportional to plate area and inversely proportional to plate separation distance. Energy is stored in the electric field generated by the charge separation in a capacitor.
(1) The document discusses capacitance concepts including the capacitance of parallel plate, cylindrical, and spherical capacitors. (2) It provides equations to calculate the capacitance, electric field, and energy stored in capacitors. (3) Key equations include expressions for capacitance as a function of plate area and separation, and energy stored as proportional to capacitance times the square of the potential difference.
The document summarizes key concepts from lectures in a Physics 231 course on capacitance and dielectrics. It discusses how capacitors store electrical energy by placing opposite charges on conducting plates separated by an insulator. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor depends on the plate area and separation distance. Dielectric materials placed between the plates increase the capacitance by polarizing the material so its charges partially cancel the applied electric field.
This document contains homework problems about capacitors and capacitance. It includes problems about estimating the capacitance of a coaxial cable, calculating the charge and capacitance of a conducting sphere, finding the electric field and energy of a parallel plate capacitor, and analyzing capacitor combinations in series and parallel circuits. The document provides diagrams and equations to help solve problems about energy storage in capacitors, electric fields, and forces experienced by dielectric materials in capacitors.
1) A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator. It stores electrical charge by having electrons accumulate on one plate and be drawn off the other.
2) The capacitance of a capacitor determines how much charge it can store and is equal to the charge stored divided by the potential difference between the plates.
3) Capacitors can be connected in series or parallel. In parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of individual capacitances, while in series it is the inverse sum.
Electromagnetism ap multiplechoiceanswers2011 _1_Vladimir Morote
This document contains multiple choice questions about circuits and electricity concepts. It includes questions about:
- Equivalent resistances of circuits with resistors in series and parallel
- Current, voltage, and power calculations in circuits
- Capacitors and capacitance
- Kirchhoff's laws and circuit analysis
- Electromagnetism, magnetic fields, and induced currents
1) A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator. When a voltage is applied, charge builds up on each plate until the capacitor is fully charged.
2) The amount of charge a capacitor can store is defined by its capacitance. Capacitance depends on the size, number, and distance between plates as well as the dielectric material between the plates.
3) The energy stored in a charged capacitor depends on the capacitance and the square of the voltage according to the equation W=1/2CV^2.
1. The document discusses capacitors and capacitance, including parallel plate capacitors. It defines capacitance as the ability to store separated charge.
2. For a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance is given by C = ε0A/d, where ε0 is the permittivity of free space, A is the plate area, and d is the plate separation.
3. Capacitors can be connected in parallel or in series. For capacitors in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. For capacitors in series, the total capacitance is given by 1/(1/C1 + 1/C2).
1. The document discusses capacitors and capacitance, including parallel plate capacitors. It defines capacitance as the ability to store separated charge.
2. For a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance is given by C = ε0A/d, where ε0 is the permittivity of free space, A is the plate area, and d is the plate separation.
3. Capacitors can be connected in parallel or in series. For capacitors in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. For capacitors in series, the total capacitance is given by 1/(1/C1 + 1/C2).
A capacitor is a device that stores electrical charge by creating an electric field between two conducting plates separated by an insulator. When a capacitor is connected to a battery, electrons flow from one plate to the other, building up equal and opposite charges. The amount of charge a capacitor can store is defined by its capacitance. The energy stored in a charged capacitor depends on the capacitance and the voltage applied.
Group 1: BSME IV
Gutierrez, Eduardo Jr. H.
Cabanag, Cleo C.
The document discusses capacitors, including their definition as a passive two-terminal electrical component used to temporarily store electrical energy in an electric field. It describes how capacitance is measured in Farads and depends on the physical properties of the capacitor such as plate area and separation. It also discusses how dielectrics can increase a capacitor's capacitance and the formulas used to calculate capacitance and energy storage for different capacitor configurations including parallel plate, spherical, and cylindrical capacitors.
1) A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator. When a capacitor is connected to a battery, electrons flow momentarily charging one plate and discharging the other.
2) The capacitance of a capacitor determines how much charge it can store and is equal to the charge stored divided by the potential difference between the plates.
3) Capacitors can be connected in series or parallel. Capacitors in parallel have a total capacitance equal to the sum of individual capacitances, while capacitors in series have a total capacitance equal to the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of individual capacitances.
This document discusses capacitors and dielectrics over three topics:
1) Capacitance and capacitors in series and parallel, including defining capacitance, deriving effective capacitance, and energy stored in capacitors.
2) Charging and discharging of capacitors, defining the time constant, and explaining the characteristics of charge-time and current-time graphs during charging and discharging.
3) Capacitors with dielectrics, how dielectrics increase capacitance by reducing the separation between plates and increasing the effective surface area. Examples are given of calculating capacitance and stored energy with dielectrics.
Capacitors are geometries that can hold charges.
Use Gauss’ Law symmetries to calculate capacitance.
Series and parallel connections.
Dielectrics increase capacitance.
1) A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator. It stores electrical charge by accumulating electrons of one polarity on one plate and the opposite polarity on the other plate.
2) When a capacitor is connected to a battery, a momentary current flows as electrons gather on one plate and are drawn off the other, building up equal and opposite charges. No current flows once the capacitor is fully charged.
3) The capacitance of a capacitor determines how much charge it can store and is equal to the charge stored divided by the potential difference between the plates.
1) The document discusses capacitors and inductors, which are passive elements that can store energy in their electric and magnetic fields respectively.
2) A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator. The amount of charge stored in a capacitor is directly proportional to the applied voltage.
3) Capacitance depends on the plate area, distance between plates, and the material between the plates. Larger area, smaller distance, or material with higher permittivity increases capacitance.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
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2. QUESTION FOR SHORT ANSWER
Q.1 Theelectricstrengthof airisabout 30, 000 V/cm.Bythis we meanthat when the electricfield intensity
exceeds this value, a spark will jump through the air.We saythat “electric breakdown” has occurred.
Usingthis value, estimate the potential difference between two objects where a spark jumps.Atypical
situation might be the spark that jumps between your body and a metal door handle after you have
walked on a deep carpet or slid across a plastic car seat in very dryweather.
Q.2 Ifyougraspthetwowiresleadingfrom thetwoplates of achargedcapacitor, you mayfeelashock.The
effect is much greater for a 2–F capacitor than for a 0.02F capacitor, even though both are are
charged to thesame potential difference. Why?
Q.3 Threeinfinitenonconductingsheets,withuniformsurfacechargedensities
,2and3arearrangedtobeparallellikethetwosheetsinFig.What
is their order, from left toright, if the electricfield
E produced bythe
arrangementhasmagnitudeE=0inoneregionandE=2/0
inanother
region?
Q.4 As shown in the figure plots of charge versus potential difference for three parallel plate capacitors,
which havetheplateareas andseparations given inthetable. Which oftheplots goes with which ofthe
capacitors?
Capacitor Area Separation
1 A d
2 2A d
3 A 2d
Q.5 Initially, a single capacitance C1
is wiredto a battery.Then capacitance C2
is added in parallel.Are (a)
the potential difference across C1
and (b) the charge q1
on C1
now more than, less than, or the same as
previously? (c) Is the equivalent capacitance C12
of C1
and C2
more than, less than, or equal to C1
? (d)
Is the total charge stored on C1
and C2
together more than, less than, or equal to the charge stored
previouslyonC1
?
Q.6 Asshowninthefigurethreecircuits,each consistingof
a switch and two capacitors, initially charged as
indicated.Aftertheswitcheshavebeenclosed,inwhich
circuit(ifany)willthechargeontheleft–handcapacitor
(a) increase, (b) decrease and (c) remain the same?
Q.7 Cap-monster maze. In the Figure all the capacitors have a capacitance
of 6.0 F, and all the batteries have an emf of 10V. What is the charge
oncapacitorC? (Ifyou canfindtheproper loop throughthis maze, you
can answerthe question with a few seconds of mental calculation.)
Q.8 An oil filled capacitor has been designed to have a capacitance C and to operate safely at or below a
certain maximumpotential differenceVm
withoutarcingover.However, thedesignerdid not doagood
job and the capacitor occasionally arcs over.What can be done to redesign the capacitor, keeping C
andVm
unchangedandusingthesamedielectric?
Q.9 One of the plates of a capacitor connected to batteryis earthed. Will the potential diffrence between
the plates change if the earthing wire is removed?
3. ONLY ONE OPTION IS CORRECT.
Take approx. 2 minutes for answering each question.
Q.1 The distance between plates of aparallel plate capacitor is 5d. Let the
positively charged plate is at x=0 and negatively charged plate is at
x=5d. Two slabs one of conductor and other of a dielectric of equal
thickness d areinserted between the plates as shown in figure.
Potentialversusdistancegraphwill looklike:
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Q.2 Aparallelplatecapacitorhastwolayersofdielectricasshowninfigure.
Thiscapacitorisconnectedacrossabattery.Thegraphwhichshows
thevariationof electricfield(E)anddistance(x)fromleftplate.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Q.3 Thedistance betweentheplates ofacharged parallel platecapacitor is 5 cm and electricfield inside the
plates is 200Vcm–1.An uncharged metal bar of width 2 cm is fullyimmersed into the capacitor. The
length of the metal bar is same as that of plate of capacitor. The voltage across capacitor after the
immersionofthebaris
(A) zero (B) 400 V (C) 600 V (D) 100 V
Q.4 Threelargeplates are arrangedasshown. Howmuch chargewill flow through
the keyk if it is closed?
(A)
6
Q5
(B)
3
Q4
(C)
2
Q3
(D) none
Q.5 FiveconductingparallelplateshavingareaAandseparationbetweenthemd,areplaced
as shownin the figure. Plate number 2 and 4 are connected wire and between pointA
and B,a cell of emfE is connected. Thecharge flown through thecell is
(A)
d
AE
4
3 0
(B)
d
AE
3
2 0
(C)
d
AE4 0
(D)
d2
AE0
Q.6 Ifchargeonleftplaneofthe5Fcapacitorinthecircuitsegmentshown
in the figure is –20C, thecharge on the right plate of 3Fcapacitor is
(A) +8.57 C (B) –8.57 C (C) +11.42 C (D) –11.42 C
Q.7 Five identical capacitorplates are arranged such that theymake capacitors each of
2 F. The plates are connected to a source of emf 10V. The charge on plate C is
(A) + 20 C (B) + 40 C (C) + 60 C (D) + 80 C
4. Q.8 A capacitor of capacitance C is charged to a potential difference V from a cell and then disconnected
from it.Acharge +Q is now given to its positive plate.The potential difference across the capacitor is
now
(A) V (B) V +
C
Q
(C) V +
C2
Q
(D) V –
C
Q
, if V < CV
Q.9 In the circuitshown infigure chargestored in thecapacitor
of capacity5 f is
(A) 60 C (B) 20 C
(C) 30 C (D) zero
Q.10 Aconductingbody1has someinitialchargeQ, anditscapacitanceisC. Therearetwo otherconducting
bodies, 2 and 3, having capacitances : C2 = 2C and C3 . Bodies 2 and 3 are initially uncharged.
"Body2 is touched with body1. Then, body 2 is removed from body1 and touched with body3, and
then removed." This process is repeated N times. Then, the charge on body1 at the end must be
(A) Q/3N (B) Q/3N–1 (C) Q/N3 (D) None
Q.11 CondenserAhas acapacityof 15 F when it is filledwith amediumofdielectricconstant15.Another
condenser B has a capacity1 F with air between the plates. Both are charged separatelybya battery
of 100V.After charging, both are connected in parallel without the batteryand the dielectric material
beingremoved.Thecommonpotential nowis
(A) 400V (B) 800V (C) 1200V (D) 1600V
Q.12 Intheadjoiningfigure,capacitor(1)and(2)haveacapacitance‘C’each.Whenthedielectricofdielectric
consatntKisinsertedbetweentheplatesofoneofthecapacitor,thetotalchargeflowingthroughbatteryis
(A)
1K
KCE
from B to C (B)
1K
KCE
from C to B
(C)
)1K(2
CE)1K(
from B to C (D)
)1K(2
CE)1K(
from C to B
Q.13 Twoidenticalcapacitors1and2areconnectedinseriestoabatteryasshownin
figure.Capacitor2containsadielectricslabofdielectricconstantkasshown.Q1
andQ2 arethechargesstoredinthecapacitors.Nowthedielectric
slabisremovedandthecorrespondingchargesareQ’1 andQ’2.Then
(A)
k
1k
Q
Q
1
1
(B)
2
1k
Q
Q
2
2
(C) k2
1k
Q
Q
2
2
(D)
2
k
Q
Q
1
1
Q.14 The area ofthe plates of aparallel plate capacitor isAand the gap between them is d.The gap is filled
withanon-homogeneousdielectric whosedielectricconstantvaries withthedistance‘y’from oneplate
as : K = sec(y/2d), where is a dimensionless constant. The capacitance of this capacitor is
(A) 0A / 2d (B) 0A /d (C) 20A /d (D) none
Q.15 Acapacitor stores 60C charge when connected across a battery.When the gap between the plates is
filled with a dielectric , a charge of 120C flows through the battery. The dielectric constant of the
materialinsertedis:
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) none
5. Q.16 In the abovequestion, iftheinitial capacitanceof thecapacitor was 2F, theamount of heat produced
whenthedielectricis inserted.
(A) 3600J (B) 2700J (C) 1800J (D) none
Q.17 AcapacitorofcapacitanceC is initiallycharged toapotential differenceofVvolt. Nowit is connected
to a batteryof 2V with opposite polarity. The ratio of heat generated to the final energy stored in the
capacitorwill be
(A) 1.75 (B) 2.25 (C) 2.5 (D) 1/2
Q.18 Three plates A, B and C each of area 0.1 m2 are separated by 0.885
mm from each other as shownin the figure.A10 V batteryis used to
charge the system. The energystored inthe system is
(A) 1 J (B) 10–1 J (C) 10–2 J (D) 10–3 J
Q.19 A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is connected to a battery and is charged to a potential
differenceV.Anothercapacitor ofcapacitance2C is similarlychargedto apotential difference2V.The
charging batteryis now disconnected and the capacitors are connect in parallel to each other in such a
waythat thepositiveterminal ofone is connected tothe negativeterminal of theother.Thefinal energy
oftheconfigurationis
(A) zero (B)
2
3
CV2 (C)
6
25
CV2 (D)
2
9
CV2
Q.20 A 2 F capacitor is charged to a potential = 10V. Another 4 F capacitor is charged to a
potential = 20V.The two capacitors are then connected in a singleloop, with the positive plate of one
connected with negativeplate oftheother.What heat is evolved in thecircuit?
(A) 300 J (B) 600 J (C) 900 J (D) 450 J
Q.21 The plates S andTof an uncharged parallel plate capacitor are connected across a battery.The battery
is then disconnected and the charged plates are now connected in asystem as shown inthe figure. The
system shownis inequilibrium.All thestrings areinsulatingand massless.The magnitudeof chargeon
one of the capacitor plates is: [Area of plates =A]
(A) 0
mgA2 (B)
k
mgA4 0
(C) 0
mgA (D)
k
mgA2 0
Q.22 In the circuit shown,the energystored in 1Fcapacitor is
(A) 40 J (B) 64 J
(C) 32 J (D) none
Q.23 Fourmetallicplatesarearrangedasshowninthefigure.Ifthedistancebetweeneachplatethencapacitance
of the givensystem between pointsAand B is (Given d <<A)
(A)
d
A0
(B)
d
A2 0
(C)
d
A3 0
(D)
d
A4 0
6. Q.24 What is the equivalent capacitance of the system of capacitors
between A& B
(A)
7
6
C (B) 1.6 C (C) C (D) None
Q.25 From a supplyofidentical capacitors rated 8 F, 250V,theminimum number ofcapacitors required to
form a composite 16 F, 1000 V is :
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 16 (D) 32
Q.26 Theminimumnumberofcapacitorseachof3Frequiredtomakeacircuitwithanequivalentcapacitance
2.25 F is
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
Q.27 The capacitance (C) for an isolated conductingsphere of radius (a) is given by 40a. If the sphere is
enclosed with anearthed concentric sphere. The ratioof the radii of thespheres being
)1n(
n
then the
capacitance of such a sphere will be increased bya factor
(A) n (B)
)1n(
n
(C)
n
)1n(
(D) a . n
Q.28 Two capacitor having capacitances 8 F and 16 F have breaking voltages 20 V and 80 V. They are
combinedinseries.Themaximumchargetheycanstoreindividuallyinthecombinationis
(A) 160 C (B) 200 C (C) 1280 C (D) none of these
Q.29 A capacitor of capacitance 1 F withstands the maximum voltage 6 kV while a capacitor of 2 F
withstands themaximum voltage4 kV.What maximum voltagewill the system ofthesetwo capacitor
withstands iftheyare connected inseries?
(A) 10 kV (B)12 kV (C) 8 kV (D) 9 kV
Q.30 Four identical plates 1, 2, 3 and 4 are placed parallel to each other at equal distance as shown in the
figure. Plates 1 and 4 are joined together and the space between 2 and 3 is filled with a dielectric of
dielectric constant k = 2. The capacitance of the system between 1 and 3 & 2 and 4 are C1 and C2
respectively.The ratio
2
1
C
C
is :
(A)
3
5
(B) 1 (C)
5
3
(D)
7
5
Q.31 Inthecircuitshowninfigure,theratioofchargeson5F
and 4F capacitoris :
(A) 4/5 (B) 3/5
(C) 3/8 (D) 1/2
Q.32 In the circuit shown, a potential difference of 60V is applied acrossAB.
The potential differencebetween the point M and N is
(A) 10 V (B) 15 V
(C) 20 V (D) 30 V
7. Q.33 Find theequivalent capacitance acrossA& B
(A)
3
28
f (B)
2
15
F
(C) 15 F (D) none
Q.34 Acapacitorofcapacitance1Fwithstandsthemaximumvoltages6KVwhileacapacitorofcapacitance
2.0 F with stands the maximum voltage =4KV. if the twocapacitors are connected in series, then the
twocapacitors combinedcantake up amaximum voltage of
(A) 2.4 KV (B) 5 KV (C) 9 KV (D) 10 KV
Q.35 Thediagram showsfourcapacitors withcapacitances andbreakdown voltages
as mentioned. What should be the maximum value of the external emf source
such that no capacitor breaks down?[Hint: First of all find out the break down
voltages ofeach branch.After that compare them.]
(A) 2.5 kV (B) 10 / 3kV (C) 3 kV (D) 1 kV
Q.36 Three capacitors 2 F, 3 F and 5 F can withstand voltages to 3V, 2V and 1V respectively. Their
seriescombinationcanwithstandamaximumvoltageequalto
(A) 5 Volts (B) (31/6)Volts (C) (26/5) Volts (D) None
Q.37 Find equivalent capacitance acrossAB (all capacitances in F)
(A) F
3
20
(B) 9F
(C) 48 F (D) None
Q.38 Three longconcentricconductingcylindrical shells haveradii R,2R and 22 R.Innerandouter shells
are connectedto each other.Thecapacitance across middle andinner shells per unit length is:
(A)
2n
3
1
0
l
(B)
2n
6 0
l
(C)
2n
0
2l
(D) None
Q.39 A charged capacitor is allowed to discharge through a resistance 2 byclosing
the switch S at the instant t = 0.At time t = ln 2 s, the reading of the ammeter
fallshalfofitsinitialvalue.Theresistanceoftheammeterequalto
(A) 0 (B) 2
(C) (D) 2M
Q.40 AcapacitorC =100 Fisconnectedto three resistoreach ofresistance
1 k and a battery of emf 9V. The switch S has been closed for long
time so as to charge the capacitor. When switch S is opened, the
capacitordischargeswithtimeconstant
(A) 33 ms (B) 5 ms
(C) 3.3 ms (D) 50 ms
Q.41 A capacitor C = 100 F is connectedto three resistors each ofresistance 1 kW and
a batteryof emf 9V.The switch S has been closed for long time so as to charge the
capacitor.Whenswitch S is opened,the capacitor discharges withtime constant.
(A) 33 ms (B) 5 ms (C) 3.3 ms (D) 50 ms
8. Q.42 Inthetransient shown thetimeconstant of thecircuitis :
(A)
3
5
RC (B)
2
5
RC
(C) RC
4
7
(D) RC
3
7
Q.43 In the circuit shown in figure C1=2C2. Switch S is closed at time t=0.
Let i1 and i2 be the currents flowing through C1 and C2 at anytime t,
then the ratio i1/ i2
(A) is constant
(B)increases withincreaseintimet
(C) decreases with increase in time t
(D) first increases then decreases
Q.44 Find heat producedin the capacitors on closingthe switch S
(A) 0.0002 J (B) 0.0005 J
(C) 0.00075 (D) zero
Q.45 In the circuit shown, when the keyk is pressed at time t = 0, which of the following statements about
current Iin the resistorABis true
(A) I = 2mA at all t
(B) Ioscillates between 1 mAand 2mA
(C) I = 1 mA at all t
(D)At t = 0, I= 2mAand with time it goes to 1 mA
Q.46 In the R–C circuit shown in the figure the total energyof 3.6 ×10–3 J is dissipated in the 10 resistor
when theswitch S is closed. Theinitial charge onthe capacitor is
(A) 60 C (B) 120 C (C) 60 2 C (D)
2
60
C
Q.47 A chargedcapacitor is allowed to discharge through a resistor by closing the
keyat the instant t =0.At the instant t = (ln 4) s, the reading of the ammeter
fallshalftheinitial value. Theresistanceoftheammeterisequal to
(A) 1 M (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 2M
Q.48 In thecircuit shown, the cell is ideal, with emf= 15V. Eachresistance is
of 3.Thepotential difference across thecapacitor is
(A) zero (B) 9 V
(C) 12 V (D) 15 V
Question No. 49 to 52 (4 questions)
In the circuit shown in figure, four capacitors are connected to a battery.
Q.49 Theequivalentcapacitanceofthecircuitis
(A) 25 F (B) 6 F (C) 8.4 F (D) none
9. Q.50 The charge on the 5 F capacitor is
(A) 60 C (B) 24 C (C) 12 C (D) 20 C
Q.51 The potential difference across the 6 Fcapacitor is
(A) 6V (B) 4V (C) 5V (D) none
Q.52 Themaximum energyis storedinthecapacitorof
(A) 10 F (B) 6 F (C) 5 F (D) 4 F
Q.53 Aparallelplatecapacitorhasanelectricfieldof105V/mbetweentheplates.Ifthechargeonthecapacitor
plate is 1C, then the force on each capacitor plate is
(A) 0.1Nt (B) 0.05Nt (C) 0.02Nt (D) 0.01Nt
Q.54 Acapacitor is connected to a battery. The force of attraction between the plates when the separation
betweenthemis halved
(A)remainsthesame (B)becomeseight times
(C) becomes four times (D) becomes two times
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION MAY BE CORRECT
Take approx. 3 minutes for answering each question.
Q.1 AparallelplatecapacitorAisfilledwithadielectricwhosedielectricconstantvarieswithappliedvoltage
as K=V.Anidentical capacitorBof capacitanceC0 withairas dielectricis connectedto voltagesource
V0 = 30V and then connected to the first capacitor after disconnecting the voltage source. The charge
and voltageon capacitor.
(A) Aare 25C0 and 25V (B) A are 25C0 and 5 V
(C) B are 5c0 and 5V (D) B are 5C0 and 25 V
Q.2 Two capacitors of 2 F and 3 F are charged to 150 volt and
120 volt respectively.The plates of capacitorare connected as
shown in thefigure.Adischarged capacitor ofcapacity1.5 F
falls to the free ends ofthe wire. Then
(A) charge on the 1.5 F capacitors is 180 C
(B) charge on the 2F capacitor is 120 C
(C)chargeflows throughAfromright to left.
(D)chargeflows throughAfromleft toright.
Q.3 Inthecircuitshown,eachcapacitorhasacapacitanceC.TheemfofthecellisE.IftheswitchS is closed
(A)positivechargewillflowoutofthepositiveterminalofthecell
(B)positivechargewillenterthepositiveterminalofthecell
(C)theamountofchargeflowingthrough thecell willbeCE.
(D) the amount of charge flowingthrough thecell willbe4/3 CE.
Q.4 In thecircuit shown initially C1, C2 are uncharged.After closing the
switch
(A) The charge on C2 is greater that on C1
(B) The charge on C1 and C2 are the same
(C) The potential drops across C1 and C2 are the same
(D) The potential drops across C2 is greater than that across C1
10. Q.5 Aparallelplateair-corecapacitorisconnected across asourceofconstant potential difference.When a
dielectric plateisintroduced between the twoplates then :
(A) somecharge from the capacitor will flow back into the source.
(B) someextra charge from thesource will flow back into the capacitor.
(C) the electric field intensitybetween the two plate does not change.
(D) the electricfieldintensitybetweenthe two plates will decrease.
Q.6 A parallel platecapacitor has a parallel sheet of copper inserted between and parallel to thetwo plates,
without touchingtheplates. Thecapacityofthecapacitor aftertheintroduction of the coppersheet is :
(A)minimum whenthe coppersheet touches one of the plates.
(B) maximum whenthe copper sheet touches oneof the plates.
(C)invariant forall positions of the sheet between theplates.
(D)greaterthan that beforeintroducingthe sheet.
Q.7 In the circuit shown in the figure, the switch S is initiallyopenand the
capacitor is initiallyuncharged. I1, I2 and I3 represent thecurrent in the
resistance 2, 4 and 8 respectively.
(A) Just after the switch S is closed, I1 = 3A, I2 = 3A and I3 = 0
(B) Just after the switch S is closed, I1 = 3A, I2 = 0 and I3 = 0
(C) long time after the switch S is closed, I1 = 0.6A, I2 = 0 and I3 = 0
(D) long after the switch S is closed, I1 = I2 = I3 = 0.6A.
Q.8 Thecircuitshowninthefigureconsists ofabatteryofemf=10V;acapacitor
of capacitance C = 1.0 F and three resistor of values R1 = 2, R2 = 2 and
R3 = 1. Initiallythe capacitor is completelyuncharged and the switch S is
open. The switch S is closed at t = 0.
(A) The current through resistor R3 at the moment the switch closed is zero.
(B) The current through resistor R3 a longtime after the switch closed is 5A.
(C) The ratio of current through R1 and R2 is always constant.
(D)The maximum charge on thecapacitor duringtheoperationis 5C.
Q.9 In the circuit shown in figure C1 = C2 = 2F.Then charge stored in
(A) capacitor C1 is zero (B) capacitor C2 is zero
(C) both capacitor is zero (D) capacitor C1 is 40 C
Q.10 A capacitor of capacity C is charged to a steady potential difference V and
connected in series with an open keyand a pure resistor 'R'.At time t = 0, the
keyis closed. If I= current at time t, aplot of log Iagainst 't' is as shown in (1)
in the graph. Later one of the parameters i.e.V, R or C is changed keeping the
other two constant, and the graph (2) is recorded. Then
(A) C is reduced (B) C is increased
(C) R is reduced (D) R is increased
11. Question No.11 to 12 (2 questions)
The charge across the capacitor intwodifferent RC circuits 1 and
2 are plottedas shown in figure.
Q.11 Choose the correct statement(s) related to the two circuits.
(A) Both the capacitors are charged to the same charge.
(B) The emf's of cells in both thecircuit are equal.
(C) Theemf's of the cells maybe different.
(D) The emf E1 is more than E2
Q.12 Identifythe correct statement(s) related to the R1, R2, C1 and C2 of the two RC circuits.
(A) R1 > R2 if E1 = E2 (B) C1 < C2 if E1 = E2
(C) R1C1 > R2C2 (D)
2
1
R
R
<
1
2
C
C
Q.13 Aparallel plate capacitor is charged byconnecting it to a battery. The battery is disconnected and the
plates of the capacitor are pulled apart to make the separation between the plates twice. Again the
capacitor is connected to the battery(withsame polarity) then
(A) Charge from the batteryflows into thecapacitorafter reconnection
(B) Charge from capacitor flows into thebatteryafter reconnection.
(C) The potential differencebetween the plates increases when the plates are pulled apart.
(D)Afterreconnectionofbatterypotentialdifferencebetweentheplatewillimmediatelybecomeshalfof
theinitialpotentialdifference. (Just afterdisconnectingthebattery)
Q.14 The plates of a parallel plate capacitor with no dielectric are connected to a voltage source. Now a
dielectric of dielectric constant K is inserted to fill the whole space between the plates with voltage
source remainingconnectedtothe capacitor.
(A) the energystored in the capacitorwill become Ktimes
(B)the electricfield insidethecapacitorwill decrease to Ktimes
(C) the force of attraction betweenthe plates will increaseto K2–times
(D) the chargeon the capacitor will increase to Ktimes
Q.15 Fourcapacitors andabatteryareconnected asshown.Thepotential
drop across the 7 F capacitor is 6 V. Then the :
(A) potential difference across the 3 F capacitor is 10 V
(B) charge on the 3 F capacitor is 42 C
(C) e.m.f. of the batteryis 30 V
(D) potential difference across the 12 F capacitor is 10V.
Q.16 A circuit shown in the figure consists of a battery of emf 10 V and two capacitance C1 and C2 of
capacitances 1.0 F and 2.0 F respectively.The potential differenceVA – VB is 5V
(A) charge on capacitor C1 is equal to charge on capacitor C2
(B) Voltage across capacitor C1 is 5V.
(C) Voltage across capacitor C2 is 10 V
(D) Energystored in capacitor C1 is two times the energystored in capacitor C2.
Q.17 A capacitor C is charged to a potential difference V and batteryis disconnected. Now if the capacitor
plates arebrought close slowlybysome distance :
(A) some +ve work is done byexternal agent (B) energyof capacitor will decrease
(C) energyof capacitor will increase (D) none of the above
12. Q.18 The capacitance ofaparallel plate capacitoris C when the region between the platehasair.This region
is nowfilledwith adielectricslabof dielectricconstantk. Thecapacitor isconnected to acellofemfE,
and the slab is taken out
(A) chargeCE(k – 1) flows through the cell (B) energyE2C(k – 1) is absorbed bythe cell.
(C) the energy stored in the capacitor is reduced by E2C(k – 1)
(D) the external agent has to do
1
2
E2C(k – 1) amount of work to take the slab out.
Q.19 Two capacitors of capacitances 1Fand 3F are charged to the same voltages 5V.Theyare connected
inparallel withoppositelychargedplatesconnectedtogether.Then:
(A)Final commonvoltagewill be5V. (B)Finalcommon voltage will be2.5 V
(C) Heat produced in the circuit will be zero. (D)Heat produced in the circuit will be 37.5 J
Q.20 The two plates X andYof a parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C are given a charge of amount Q
each. X is now joined to thepositive terminal andYto the negative terminal ofa cell of emfE = Q/C.
(A)Chargeofamount Qwillflowfromthenegativeterminaltothepositiveterminalofthecellinsideit.
(B) The total charge on the plate X will be 2Q.
(C)The total charge on the plateYwill be zero.
(D)The cellwill supplyCE2 amountofenergy.
Q.21 Adielectricslabis inserted betweenthe plates ofanisolated charged capacitor.Whichof the following
quantitieswillremainthesame?
(A) the electricfield inthe capacitor (B) the charge on the capacitor
(C)the potential differencebetween theplates (D) the stored energy in the capacitor.
Q.22 The separationbetween the plates ofa isolated charged parallel plate capacitor is increased. Which of
thefollowingquantitieswillchange?
(A) charge on the capacitor (B) potential differenceacross the capacitor
(C) energyof the capacitor (D) energydensitybetween the plates.
Q.23 Eachplateofaparallelplatecapacitorhasachargeqonit.Thecapacitorisnowconnectedtoabattery.Now,
(A) the facing surfaces of the capacitor have equal and opposite charges.
(B) the two plates of the capacitor have equal and opposite charges.
(C) the batterysupplies equal and opposite charges to the two plates.
(D) the outer surfaces of the plates have equal charges.
Q.24 Followingoperations can be performed on a capacitor :
X – connect the capacitor to a batteryof emf E. Y – disconnect the battery
Z –reconnect the batterywith polarityreversed. W – insert a dielectric slab in the capacitor
(A) In XYZ (perform X, thenY, then Z) the stored electric energyremains unchanged and no thermal
energyis developed.
(B)The charge appearingon thecapacitor is greater aftertheaction XWYthan afterthe action XYW.
(C)TheelectricenergystoredinthecapacitorisgreateraftertheactionWXYthanaftertheactionXYW.
(D) The electricfield in the capacitor after the action XW is the same as that after WX.
Q.25 Aparallelplatecapacitoris chargedandthendisconnectedfromthesourceofpotentialdifference.Ifthe
plates of the condenser are then moved farther apart bythe use of insulated handle, which one of the
followingistrue?
(A) the charge on the capacitor increases (B) the charge on the capacitor decreases
(C) the capacitance of the capacitor increases (D) thepotential difference across theplate increases
13. Q.26 Aparallel plate capacitor is charged and then disconnected from the source steady E.M.F.The plates
are then drawn apart farther.Again it is connected to the same source.Then :
(A) the potential difference across the plate increases, while the plates arebeing drawn apart.
(B) the charge from the capacitor flows into the source, when thecapacitor is reconnected.
(C) more chargeis drawn to the capacitor from the source, during the reconnection.
(D) the electricintensitybetween theplatesremains constant duringthedrawingapart of plates.
Q.27 When a parallel plates capacitor is connectedto a source ofconstant potential difference,
(A) all the charge drawn from the source is stored in the capacitor.
(B) all the energydrawn from the source is stored in the capacitor.
(C) the potential difference across the capacitor grows veryrapidlyinitiallyand this rate decreases to
zeroeventually.
(D) the capacityof the capacitorincreases with the increase of the charge in the capacitor.
Q.28 Whentwoidenticalcapacitors arecharged individuallytodifferent potentials andconnectedparallel to
each other,after disconnectingthem fromthesource:
(A)net chargeonconnectedplates isless than the sum ofinitial individual charges.
(B)net chargeonconnected platesequals thesum ofinitial charges.
(C)thenetpotentialdifferenceacrossthemisdifferentfromthesumoftheindividualinitialpotentialdifferences.
(D)the netenergystoredinthetwo capacitors is less than thesum of theinitial individual energies.
Q.29 Aparallel platecapacitor of plate areaAand plate seperation d is charged to potential differenceVand
thenthe batteryis disconnected.AslabofdielectricconstantKis theninserted between theplates ofthe
capacitor soas to fill thespace between the plates. IfQ, E andWdenote respectively, the magnitude of
charge on eachplate, the electric field between the plates (after theslab is inserted) and the work done
on thesystem,in question, inthe process of insertingthe slab,then
(A) Q =
d
AV0
(B) Q =
d
KAV0
(C) E = dK
V
(D) W = –
K
1
1
d2
AV2
0
Q.30 Aparallel plate capacitor is connected to a battery. The quantities charge, voltage, electric field and
energy associated with the capacitor are given by Q0, V0, E0 and U0 respectively.Adielectric slab is
introduced between plates of capacitor but batteryis still in connection. The corresponding quantities
now givenbyQ,V, E and U related to previous ones are
(A) Q > Q0 (B) V > V0 (C) E > E0 (D) U < U0
Q.31 Aparallel-platecapacitoris connected toacell.Its positiveplateAand its negativeplateBhavecharges
+Q and –Q respectively. A third plate C, identical to A and B, with charge +Q, is now introduced
midwaybetweenAand B, parallel tothem.Which of thefollowing are correct?
(A) The charge on the inner face of B is now
2
Q3
(B)Thereis no change inthe potential difference betweenAand B.
(C)The potential difference betweenAandC is one-third ofthepotentialdifference betweenB and C.
(D) The charge on the inner face ofAis now 2Q .
Q.32 Two capacitors C1 = 4 F and C2 = 2F are charged to same potential
V = 500 Volt,butwith oppositepolarityasshown inthefigure.TheswitchesS1
and S2 are closed.
(A) The potential difference across the two capacitors are same and is given by V3500
(B) The potential difference across the two capacitors are same and is given by V31000
(C) The ratioof final energytoinitial energyofthesystem is 1/9.
(D) The ratiooffinal energytoinitial energyofthesystem is 4/9.
14. Q.33 Aparallelplatecapacitoris chargedtoacertainpotentialandthe chargingbatteryis then disconnected.
Now, if the plates of the capacitor are moved apart then:
(A) The stored energyof the capacitor increases
(B) Charge onthe capacitor increases
(C) Voltage of the capacitor decreases
(D) The capacitance increases
Q.34 If a batteryof voltage V is connected across terminals I of the block box
showninfigure,an ideal voltmeterconnectedtoterminalsIIgivesareading
of V/2, whileifthe batteryis connectedto terminals II, avoltmeter across
terminals
I reads V.The black box maycontain
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
Q.35 Two capacitors of equal capacitance (C1 = C2) are shown in the figure.
Initially,whiletheswitchS is open,oneofthecapacitorsis uncharged and
the othercarries charge Q0. The energystored in thecharged capacitor is
U0. Sometimes after the switch is closed, the capacitors C1 and C2 carry
charges Q1 and Q2, respectively; the voltages across thecapacitors are V1
and V2; and the energies storedin the capacitors are U1 and U2. Which of
the followingstatements is INCORRECT?
(A) Q0 =
2
1
(Q1 + Q2) (B) Q1 = Q2
(C) V1 = V2 (D) U1 = U2
(E) U0 = U1 + U2
Question No.36 to 39 (4 questions)
The figureshowsa diagonal symmetricarrangement ofcapacitors and a
battery
Q.36 Identifythecorrect statements.
(A) Both the 4F capacitors carryequal charges in opposite sense.
(B) Both the 4F capacitors carryequal charges in same sense.
(C) VB – VD > 0
(D) VD – VB > 0
Q.37 If thepotential of C is zero, then
(A) VA = + 20V (B) 4(VA – VB) + 2(VD – VB) = 2VB
(C) 2(VA – VD) + 2(VB – VD) = 4VD (D) VA = VB + VD
Q.38 The potential of the point B and D are
(A) VB = 8V (B) VB = 12V (C) VD = 8V (D) VD = 12V