2. ● Wet cooling towers are heat removal
devices used to transfer waste heat
from industrial and other processes to
the atmosphere.
●They are used primarily to provide
circulating cooling water in large
industrial facilities.
3. The warm water
returns to the top of
the cooling tower
and trickles
downward over the
fill material inside
the tower.
5. That contact
causes a portion of
the water (E) to
evaporate into
water vapor that
exits the tower as
part of the water
saturated air.
6. A small amount of
the water also
exits with the air
as entrained
droplets of liquid
water called drift
losses (D).
7. The heat required to
evaporate the water
is derived from the
water itself, which
cools the water back
to the original basin
water temperature
and the water is
then ready to
recirculate.
8. The evaporated
water leaves its
dissolved salts
behind in the bulk
of the water which
has not been
evaporated, thus
raising the salt
concentration in
the circulating
cooling water.
9. To prevent the salt
concentration of the
circulating water from
becoming too high, a
portion of the water,
referred to
as blowdown(B, is
drawn off for disposal.
10. Fresh water
make-up (M) is
supplied to the
tower basin to
compensate for
the loss of
evaporated water,
the drift loss
water and the
blowdown water.
11.
12.
13. ● A cooling tower serves to dissipate
the heat into the atmosphere where
wind and air diffusion spreads the
heat over a much larger area than
warm water can distribute heat in a
body of water.
14. ● Industrial cooling towers is to reject
the heat absorbed in the circulating
cooling water systems used in
industrial facilities such as petroleum
refineries, natural gas treating plants,
petrochemical and other chemical
plants, and electric power plants (both
thermal and nuclear).
