Canning involves preserving food in hermetically sealed containers through the application of heat, which eliminates microorganisms. In India, only 2.1% of fruit and vegetable production is processed, compared to 40-60% in developed countries. Canning preserves food by removing oxygen, destroying enzymes, and preventing microbial growth. Advances like mobile canning and aseptic packaging help reduce food losses and improve quality through less harsh processing. The canned food market is growing due to increasing demand for convenient and longer-lasting products.