The document describes different types of camera shots including: extreme close-up, close-up, medium shot, long shot, and establishing shot. It explains that extreme close-ups focus on a small detail, close-ups show a person's head and shoulders, medium shots capture a person from the waist up, long shots show a larger scene from farther away, and establishing shots orient the viewer by showing the exterior of a location. The document also discusses how shot types like low angles, high angles, and point-of-view shots can influence the audience's perspective.