This document defines and describes different camera shots and angles used in filmmaking, including establishing shots, extreme long shots, long shots, medium shots, close ups, over the shoulder shots, point of view shots, bird's eye views, and low angle shots. It explains what each shot shows or emphasizes and common purposes they serve in setting scenes and portraying characters.

2. Establishing shot
This is when the audience is able to see the full image
of the subject and the setting. Today's filmmakers
tend to not use the establishing shot in order to
move the scene along more quickly. An establishing
shot is followed by a medium shot or close up, once
the scene has been established.
Extreme long shot
This is used to set the scene, usually shows the
outside of a building. Extreme long shot can be up to
¼ km long. There is very little detail shown in the
shot.
Long Shot
Shows the entire subject from head to toe, the head
is at the top of the frame and feet at the bottom.
Long shot is sometimes referred to as a wide shot.

3. Medium shot
This shows the subject from the waist or from knee
level up to head, Medium shots are relatively good in
showing facial expressions and body language.
Close up
Shows the subject or main object, it is usually used to
emphasize something. In horror films close ups are
used to show a characters facial expressions, this
camera angles is also used to make the audience feel
more involved.
Over the shoulder
This shot shows what the subject is looking at, it is
followed by the reverse angle showing the subject
looking. The back of the shoulder or head is used to
frame the image. It is usually used when two
characters are having a discussion.

4. Point of view
This shows the view from the subjects perspective
(shows what the character is looking at). This shot is
sometimes taken over the shoulder of a character –
third person.
Bird’s eye view
Shows the scene from directly above (looking down
at the scene). This shot can be used to give an
establishing shot of the scene, or to emphasize the
smallness or insignificance of the subject.
Low angle shot
Low angle shot is positioned low on the vertical axis,
anywhere below the eye - line looking up. This shot is
sometimes used to show which character holds the
higher position of power, in horror films this shot
could be used to show the antagonist