1. WATER
HARVESTING & MANAGEMENT
SUBMITTED BY,
GOKUL.S,
NASHIKA NILOFAR.M
SURENDRAN.K ,
AEC&RI – KUMULUR,
TRICHY – 621712.

3. STATISTICS OF RAINFALL AMOUNT IN INDIA
DURING 2009 & 2011
 When we consider the amount of rainfall in the year
2011 & 2009, year 2011 got the highest rainfall
 But still we are lacking total amount of water supply

4. NON-AVAILABILITY OF WATER
 Due to global warming.
 Due to population explosion.
 Due to rapid industrialization.

5. WHAT IS WATER HARVESTING
 It means capturing rain where it falls or capturing
the run off in your own village or town.
 And taking measures to keep that water clean by
not allowing polluting activities to take place in the
catchment.

6. WHY SHOULD WE CONSERVE
WATER
 The Earth is pretty much a “closed system” which
neither gains nor loses any matter, including water.
 The demand of water is increasing due to population
explosion and increase in usage of appliances that
consume more water.
 Discharge from industries and faulty / inefficient sewage
water treatment has lead to pollution of our rivers and
lakes.
 Purification of water for drinking purpose and pumping
of water to our taps costs money.

7. STEPS TO BE TAKEN TO
CONSERVE WATER
 Surface water like rivers, lakes, tanks, ponds.
 Ground water like open wells, bore well.
 Rainwater which is the purest of all the sources.

8. RAIN PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE
 Rain -primary source of water.
 Rivers, lakes and groundwater - secondary sources
of water.

9. WAYS OF WATER HARVESTING
 Rooftops.
 Local catchments.
 Local streams.
 Watershed management.

10. HOW MUCH WATER CAN BE
HARVESTED
URBAN SCENARIO:
 The total amount of water that is received in the
form of rainfall over an area is called the rainwater
endowment of the area.
 Water harvesting potential = Rainfall (mm) x
Collection efficiency

11. HOW MUCH WATER CAN BE
HARVESTED
RURAL SCENARIO:
 India's total land area - 300 million hectares.
 Total number of villages – 5,87000.
 Runoff harvesting – 200 million hectares of land
excluding forests, high mountains and uninhabited
terrains (340 hectares).
 Rainfall endowment – 3.75 billion litres of water.

12. MANAGING WATER IN URBAN
AREAS
 Urban centres- agriculture must compete with
industry and municipal users for safe water
supplies.
 Traditional water sources are becoming polluted
with urban wastewater.
 There is usually wastewater from kitchens and
toilets along with rainwater runoff.
 Developing countries tend to have the lowest levels
of wastewater treatment.
 Scientists have been working to find ways to reduce
contamination of food using a method called the
‘MULTIPLE BARRIER- APPROACH’.

13. EFFECTIVE CAPTURING OF RAINWATER
 Capture water from roadside,
 Capture from over-bridges & flyovers,
 Capturing water from bus stands & bus stops .

14. EFFORTS TO BE TAKEN
 Increase the harvesting of rainwater at the city level
by protecting and regenerating the tanks and
ponds.
 Promote individual rainwater harvesting projects at
the colony and household level.
 Ensure by law that all commercial users are
required to harvest; redistribute the water supply
across the city to ensure equity.

15. QUALITY
 Contamination of rainwater due to microscopic
germs and other pollutants is considered for
TREATMENT.
 Rainwater harvested from roofs can contain human,
animal &bird faeces, mosses and lichens,
particulates pollution.
 The water may need to be analysed properly, and
used in a way appropriate to its safety .such
method is called solar water disinfection.

16. FUTURE OF WATER RESOURCE
 Will ELECTRICITY and WATER sustain for future?
 Will the need of human and environment be
satisfied?
 Will global climate change and impact of
management allow us to make decision?

17. WATER MANAGEMENT
 Water is the life line of all living beings on earth.
Water is required not only by human beings but
also by all living beings. The responsibility of
conservation of water begins with all of us.

18. CONCLUSION
 Rainwater harvesting can recharge the declining
groundwater levels in cities.
 Data from 11 rainwater harvesting projects spread
across Delhi shows an increase of 5 to10 metres in
the groundwater levels over two years.

19. THANK YOU………….
FOR YOUR PATIENT LISTENING!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

20. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 http://www.unep.or.jp/
 http://www.rainwaterharvesting.org/
 salah@cseindia.org;
 Satyameva jeyate-episode 12